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Being Mufti in the Ottoman Provinces During the Modernization Period: Muftis of Milas District (1891-1922)
Abstract
In the study, the muftis who served in the Milas district between 1814 and 1922 were discussed on the basis of chronological continuity and change, and their terms of office and the reasons for change were emphasized. Depending on the possibilities provided by archival sources, Mehmet Rüşdü Efendi (30 March 1891-28 July 1911) and Mehmet Sadık Efendi (5 November 1911-1 November 1922), who served as muftis in Milas, were discussed in detail. Their education, careers and local functions are revealed according to the provincial and state yearbooks with the books and documents in the Istanbul Mufti’s Office Meshihat Archive and the Ottoman Archive. It has been determined that both of them served for many years, additionally served as presidents and members of various commissions and assemblies, held religious positions, and maintained their influence by fulfilling important functions. During the Mahmud II period (1808-1839), muftis served for short periods of time because they were frequently replaced due to improper actions and practices, and deaths, and during the Abdülmecit Period (1839-1861), they remained in office for longer periods of time, and their deaths had a major impact on their replacement. It has been observed that during the reigns of Abdülaziz (1861-1876) and Abdülhamit II (1876-1909), they served for much longer periods than their predecessors, their changes were largely influenced by deaths, and they did not receive a mufti salary from the ilmiye allocation until 1910. Taking into account the lack of sufficient number of studies on district muftis, the research is mainly based on the documents of the Istanbul Mufti's Office Meşihat Archive and the Ottoman Archive. Additionally, other relevant sources were also used.
Keywords
References
- 1. Arşiv Kaynakları
- Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanlığı Devlet Arşivleri Başkanlığı Osmanlı Arşivi (BOA)
- Bab-ı Ali Evrak Odası Belgeleri (BEO), 266/19885, 13 Safer 1311 (26 Ağustos 1893); 266/19877, 13 Safer 1311 (26 Ağustos 1893).
- Cevdet Dâhiliye (C. DH), 312/15576, 10 Receb 1256 (7 Eylül 1840).
- Dâhiliye Nezareti Mektubî Kalemi Belgeleri (DH. MKT), 560/7, 10 Cemaziyelevvel 1320 (15 Ağustos 1902).
- Evkaf-ı Hümayun Nezareti Evkaf Defterleri (EV.d), nr. 18971, nr. 16782.
- İrade Dâhiliye (İ. DH), 646/44934, 17 Zilhicce 1288 (27 Şubat 1872).
- İrade Meclis-i Mahsus (İ. MMS), 133/5692, 30 Muharrem 1284 (3 Haziran 1867).
Details
Primary Language
Turkish
Subjects
Late Modern Ottoman History
Journal Section
Review Article
Early Pub Date
July 19, 2024
Publication Date
July 20, 2024
Submission Date
March 8, 2024
Acceptance Date
June 1, 2024
Published in Issue
Year 1970 Volume: 11 Number: 30