Examining the frequency of carbapenemase genes blaKPC, blaIMP, blaOXA-48, blaSPM, blaNDM, blaVIM, blaGES, blaBIC, blaAIM, blaGIM, blaSIM, and blaDIM in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from patients hospitalized in northwest Iran hospitals

Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is one of the most common bacteria isolated from clinical samples, with a rising incidence in hospital infections. This pathogen is inherently resistant to many antibacterial agents. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of carbapenemase genes in P. aeruginosa strains isolated from patients admitted to hospitals in northwestern Iran. A total of 500 P. aeruginosa samples were collected from different clinical samples. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines, and the frequency of the target genes was assessed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The antibiotic resistance results of the samples by disc diffusion method showed that imipenem 98.4%, gentamicin 98%, meropenem 91.8%, amikacin 91.6% and cefepime 91% had the highest resistance; also, out of 500 P. aeruginosa isolates, 309 (61.8%) samples were carbapenemase producers. Using the PCR method, it was determined that the blaOXA-48 (39.16%), blaGES (31.72%), and blaIMP (22.01%) genes were the dominant genes. Our results showed that the prevalence of carbapenemase genes in P. aeruginosa strains isolated from patients admitted to hospitals in northwestern Iran is very high; indicating a need for effective infection control measures to prevent the spread of P. aeruginosa in hospitals.

Keywords

• Pseudomonas aeruginosa
• drug resistance
• carbapenemase
• hospital infection

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