Enfektif Endokardit Etkenlerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Endokardit, kalp kapakçıklarının ve kalbin endokardının iltihabı veya mikrobiyal enfeksiyonudur. Çeşitli nedenlerle kana giren bakteriler kalbin endokardiyal tabakasında çoğalabilir ve enfeksiyona neden olabilir. Ayrıca bu enfeksiyonlar kan dolaşımı yoluyla vücudun farklı bölgelerine taşınabilir. Bu çalışmada endokardit tanısı konulan hastalardan alınan kan kültürlerinde üreyen mikroorganizmaların dağılımının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. 2018-2021 yılları arasında Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Laboratuvarımıza endokardit tanısı konulan hastalardan gönderilen kan kültürü örneklerinde üreyen mikroorganizmaların dağılımı retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir. Kan örneklerinden elde edilen 63 suştan en sık izole edilen bakterilerin dağılımları şu şekildedir; %61.90 Staphylococcus spp., %11.11 Streptococcus spp., %9.52 Enterococcus spp., %3.17 Escherichia coli, %1.58 Enterobacter cloacae, %6.34 Klebsiella pneumoniae, %1.58 Acinetobacter baumannii, %1.58 Stenotrophonomonas maltophilia, %1.58 Corynebacterium stratum, 1 %1.58 Micrococcus spp. S. aureus izolatlarında %44.44 oranında oksasilin direnci saptanmıştır. Enterobactarales bakterilerinde karbapenem direnci saptanmamıştır. Enterokok izolatlarında vankomisin direnci saptanmamıştır. Enfektif endokarditin tanı ve tedavisinde önemli gelişmeler olmasına rağmen insidansında ve mortalitesinde azalma olmamıştır. Literatürdeki birçok makaleye benzer şekilde, en sık izole edilen patojenin S. aureus olduğu belirlenmiştir. Enfektif endokardit etkenlerinin dağılımını bilmek, klinisyenlere hem profilaktik hem de ampirik tedavi seçiminde rehberlik etmede önemlidir.

Keywords

• Enfektif endokardit
• tanı
• tedavi
• önleme ve kontrol

Evaluation of infective endocarditis agents

Abstract

Endocarditis is an inflammation or microbial infection of the heart valves and the endocardium of the heart. Bacteria that enter the blood due to various reasons can multiply in the endocardial layer of the heart and cause infection. In addition, these infections can be carried to different parts of the body through the bloodstream. This study aims to evaluate the distribution of microorganisms grown in blood cultures taken from patients diagnosed with endocarditis. The distribution of microorganisms grown in blood culture samples sent from patients diagnosed with endocarditis to our Ondokuz Mayıs University Medical Microbiology Laboratory between 2018-2021 was retrospectively examined. The distributions of the most frequently isolated bacteria from 63 strains obtained from blood samples are as follows; 61.90% Staphylococcus spp., 11.11% Streptococcus spp., 9.52% Enterococcus spp., 3.17% Escherichia coli, 1.58% Enterobacter cloacae, 6.34% Klebsiella pneumoniae, 1.58% Acinetobacter baumannii, 1.58% Stenotrophonomonas maltophilia, 1.58% Corynebacterium stratum, 1 1.58% Micrococcus spp. Oxacillin resistance was detected as 44.44% in S. aureus isolates. Carbapenem resistance was not detected in Enterobactarales bacteria. Vancomycin resistance was not detected in enterococcus isolates. Despite significant developments in the diagnosis and treatment of infective endocarditis, there has been no decrease in its incidence and mortality. Similar to many articles in the literature, it has been determined that the most frequently isolated pathogen is S. aureus. Knowing the distribution of infective endocarditis agents is important in guiding clinicians in both prophylactic and empirical treatment selection.

Keywords

• Infective endocarditis
• diagnosis
• therapy
• prevention and control

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