Features of vitreoretinal interface in patients with high myopia

Year 2014, Volume: 31 Issue: 3, 171 - 175, 06.11.2014

Nadiya Ulyanova

Abstract

In this study we investigated the changes of vitreoretinal interface by spectral optical coherence tomography (SOCT) of the retina in patients with high myopia. One hundred fourteen patients (220 eyes), aged from 43 to 68 years were classified in four groups according to the refraction and presence of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD); A group-high myopia and PVD; B group-high myopia without PVD; C group-emmetropia and PVD; D group-emmetropia without PVD. The patients were performed ultrasound examination on the UltraScan (Alcon) and SOCT on the SOCT Copernicus (Optopol). It was set that the thickness of retina in fovea in high myopia with PVD (219±3.2 μm) was significant more than in emmetropia with PVD (205±4.7 μm) (р<0.05). The thickness of retina in fovea in high myopia without PVD (208±2.7) was more than in emmetropia without PVD (193±3.9 μm) also (р<0.05). In high myopia with PVD was significantly more frequent distruction of a vitreous, foveoschisis, epiretinal membrane (ERM) and internal limiting membrane (ILM) detachment than in emmetropia with PVD (р<0.05). Statistically significant differences in the frequency of macular hole is not revealed in these groups (р=0.5364). In high myopia without PVD was significantly more frequent distruction of a vitreous and ERM than in emmetropia without PVD (р<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the frequency of foveoschisis and ILM detachment (p=0.2727). In our opinion, the retinal layers architectonics disorders, increasing thickness of retina and forming of the myopic foveoschisis, PVD in high myopia, there are preconditions for ILM detachment, which leads to gross destructive changes of the vitreoretinal interface.

Keywords

High myopia, Internal limiting membrane, Myopic foveoschisis, Spectral optical coherence tomography, Vitreoretinal interface

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