Case Report
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A rare case: Rubella reinfection during pregnancy with persistent rubella IgM after abortion

Year 2024, Volume: 41 Issue: 2, 432 - 435, 19.05.2024

Abstract

A pregnant woman was diagnosed with Rubella re-infection in Northern Cyprus. The patient was unaware of her pregnancy when she sought medical attention for the pain, stiffness and numbness in the finger and hand joints without the presence of a rash. Following the confirmation of pregnancy as part of a routine check, Rubella IgM and Rubella IgG antibodies were assessed. Her Rubella IgM was in the grey zone reference units of the tests performed with the presence of Rubella IgG supporting and reinfection. Thus, further Rubella IgG avidity and Western blot were performed. Rubella IgG avidity was in borderline. Hence, abortion was advised following these test results. Post-abortion, the Rubella IgM antibodies remained persistent for over 12 months.

References

  • Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases. Rubella; 2021. Accessed: 6th April 2023. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/rubella.html
  • Wondimeneh Y, Tiruneh M, Ferede G, Abera B, Workineh M, Birhanie M, et al. Rubella virus infections and immune status among pregnant women before the introduction of rubella vaccine in Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2018; 76: 14-22.
  • Kansu Çelik H, Eldem S, Yasar Çelik E, Kısa Karakaya B, Ünlü S, Tasçı Y, et al. Persistent rubella IgM antibody during pregnancy: a case report. Ortadogu Medical Journal. 2018; 10(3): 391-393.
  • Best JM, O’Shea S, Tipples G, Davies N, Al-Khusaiby SM, Krause A, et al. Interpretation of rubella serology in pregnancy-pitfalls and problems. BMJ. 2002; 325: 147-148.
  • Charlton CL, Severini A. Dilemmas and Pitfalls in Rubella Laboratory Diagnostics in Low Prevalence or Elimination Settings. Curr Treat Options Infect Dis. 2016; 8: 329-342.
  • Mwambe B, Mirambo MM, Mshana SE, Massinde AN, Kidenya BR, Michael D, et al. Seropositivity rate of rubella and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Mwanda, Tanzania. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2014; 14: 95.
  • Best JM, Enders G. Laboratory diagnosis of rubella and congenital rubella. In: Banatvala JE, Peckham C (eds). Perspectives in medical virology. Vol. 15. Rubella viruses. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2007, 39-78.
  • Usta A, Hocaoğlu M, Turgut A, Kılınç O, Usta CS, Dalkıran EŞ. Screening Rubella and Toxoplasma Infections in First Trimester of Pregnancy. Zeynep Kamil Tıp Bülteni. 2018; 49: 157-161.
  • Adeniyi T, Arıkan A, Güler E, Şanlıdağ T, Süer HK. Seroprevalence of Rubella virus and Cytomegalovirus infections in pregnant women. TMC 2020 Online Microbiology Symposium (25.12.2020), PS-071.
  • World Health Organization (WHO). Rubella (2019). Accessed: 6th April 2023. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/rubella
  • Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Rubella (German Measles, Three-Day Measles). 2022. Accessed: 6th April 2023. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/rubella/pregnancy.html#:~:text=Pregnant%20women%20who%20contract%20rubella,Deafness
  • Dontigny L, Arsenault MY, Martel MJ. Rubella in Pregnancy. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2018; 40(8): e615-e621.
  • Bouthry E, Picone O, Hamdi G, Grangeol-Keros L, Ayoubi JM, Vauloup-Fellous C. Rubella and pregnancy: diagnosis, management and outcomes. Prenatal Diagnosis. 2014; 34: 1246-1253.
  • Miller E. Rubella reinfection. Arch Dis Child. 1990; 65(8): 820-1.
  • Isaac BM, Zucker JR, Giancotti FR, Abernathy E, Icenogle J, Rakeman JL, et al. Rubella Surveillance and Diagnostic Testing among a Low-Prevalence Population, New York City, 2012–2013. Clinical Vaccine Immunology. 2017; 24(9): e00102-17.
  • Khorrami SMY, Mokhtari-Azad T, Yavarian J, Nasab GSF, Naseri M, Jandaghi NZS. The etiology of Rubella IgM positivity in patients with rubella-like illness in Iran from 2011 to 2013. Journal of Medical Virology. 2015; 87(11): 1846-1852.
Year 2024, Volume: 41 Issue: 2, 432 - 435, 19.05.2024

Abstract

References

  • Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases. Rubella; 2021. Accessed: 6th April 2023. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/rubella.html
  • Wondimeneh Y, Tiruneh M, Ferede G, Abera B, Workineh M, Birhanie M, et al. Rubella virus infections and immune status among pregnant women before the introduction of rubella vaccine in Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2018; 76: 14-22.
  • Kansu Çelik H, Eldem S, Yasar Çelik E, Kısa Karakaya B, Ünlü S, Tasçı Y, et al. Persistent rubella IgM antibody during pregnancy: a case report. Ortadogu Medical Journal. 2018; 10(3): 391-393.
  • Best JM, O’Shea S, Tipples G, Davies N, Al-Khusaiby SM, Krause A, et al. Interpretation of rubella serology in pregnancy-pitfalls and problems. BMJ. 2002; 325: 147-148.
  • Charlton CL, Severini A. Dilemmas and Pitfalls in Rubella Laboratory Diagnostics in Low Prevalence or Elimination Settings. Curr Treat Options Infect Dis. 2016; 8: 329-342.
  • Mwambe B, Mirambo MM, Mshana SE, Massinde AN, Kidenya BR, Michael D, et al. Seropositivity rate of rubella and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Mwanda, Tanzania. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2014; 14: 95.
  • Best JM, Enders G. Laboratory diagnosis of rubella and congenital rubella. In: Banatvala JE, Peckham C (eds). Perspectives in medical virology. Vol. 15. Rubella viruses. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2007, 39-78.
  • Usta A, Hocaoğlu M, Turgut A, Kılınç O, Usta CS, Dalkıran EŞ. Screening Rubella and Toxoplasma Infections in First Trimester of Pregnancy. Zeynep Kamil Tıp Bülteni. 2018; 49: 157-161.
  • Adeniyi T, Arıkan A, Güler E, Şanlıdağ T, Süer HK. Seroprevalence of Rubella virus and Cytomegalovirus infections in pregnant women. TMC 2020 Online Microbiology Symposium (25.12.2020), PS-071.
  • World Health Organization (WHO). Rubella (2019). Accessed: 6th April 2023. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/rubella
  • Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Rubella (German Measles, Three-Day Measles). 2022. Accessed: 6th April 2023. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/rubella/pregnancy.html#:~:text=Pregnant%20women%20who%20contract%20rubella,Deafness
  • Dontigny L, Arsenault MY, Martel MJ. Rubella in Pregnancy. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2018; 40(8): e615-e621.
  • Bouthry E, Picone O, Hamdi G, Grangeol-Keros L, Ayoubi JM, Vauloup-Fellous C. Rubella and pregnancy: diagnosis, management and outcomes. Prenatal Diagnosis. 2014; 34: 1246-1253.
  • Miller E. Rubella reinfection. Arch Dis Child. 1990; 65(8): 820-1.
  • Isaac BM, Zucker JR, Giancotti FR, Abernathy E, Icenogle J, Rakeman JL, et al. Rubella Surveillance and Diagnostic Testing among a Low-Prevalence Population, New York City, 2012–2013. Clinical Vaccine Immunology. 2017; 24(9): e00102-17.
  • Khorrami SMY, Mokhtari-Azad T, Yavarian J, Nasab GSF, Naseri M, Jandaghi NZS. The etiology of Rubella IgM positivity in patients with rubella-like illness in Iran from 2011 to 2013. Journal of Medical Virology. 2015; 87(11): 1846-1852.
There are 16 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Microbiology
Journal Section Case Report
Authors

Nazife Sultanoglu 0000-0002-5140-6938

Emrah Güler 0000-0002-1635-0051

Ulas Hurdoganoglu 0000-0002-0182-674X

Tamer Sanlidag 0000-0001-5084-7902

Kaya Süer 0000-0002-2565-3425

Publication Date May 19, 2024
Submission Date January 29, 2024
Acceptance Date May 9, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 41 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Sultanoglu, N., Güler, E., Hurdoganoglu, U., Sanlidag, T., et al. (2024). A rare case: Rubella reinfection during pregnancy with persistent rubella IgM after abortion. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 41(2), 432-435.
AMA Sultanoglu N, Güler E, Hurdoganoglu U, Sanlidag T, Süer K. A rare case: Rubella reinfection during pregnancy with persistent rubella IgM after abortion. J. Exp. Clin. Med. May 2024;41(2):432-435.
Chicago Sultanoglu, Nazife, Emrah Güler, Ulas Hurdoganoglu, Tamer Sanlidag, and Kaya Süer. “A Rare Case: Rubella Reinfection During Pregnancy With Persistent Rubella IgM After Abortion”. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 41, no. 2 (May 2024): 432-35.
EndNote Sultanoglu N, Güler E, Hurdoganoglu U, Sanlidag T, Süer K (May 1, 2024) A rare case: Rubella reinfection during pregnancy with persistent rubella IgM after abortion. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 41 2 432–435.
IEEE N. Sultanoglu, E. Güler, U. Hurdoganoglu, T. Sanlidag, and K. Süer, “A rare case: Rubella reinfection during pregnancy with persistent rubella IgM after abortion”, J. Exp. Clin. Med., vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 432–435, 2024.
ISNAD Sultanoglu, Nazife et al. “A Rare Case: Rubella Reinfection During Pregnancy With Persistent Rubella IgM After Abortion”. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 41/2 (May 2024), 432-435.
JAMA Sultanoglu N, Güler E, Hurdoganoglu U, Sanlidag T, Süer K. A rare case: Rubella reinfection during pregnancy with persistent rubella IgM after abortion. J. Exp. Clin. Med. 2024;41:432–435.
MLA Sultanoglu, Nazife et al. “A Rare Case: Rubella Reinfection During Pregnancy With Persistent Rubella IgM After Abortion”. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, vol. 41, no. 2, 2024, pp. 432-5.
Vancouver Sultanoglu N, Güler E, Hurdoganoglu U, Sanlidag T, Süer K. A rare case: Rubella reinfection during pregnancy with persistent rubella IgM after abortion. J. Exp. Clin. Med. 2024;41(2):432-5.