A prospective case-control study of Cystatin-C levels in hypertensive pregnant patients in Benin City, Nigeria.

Year 2024, Volume: 41 Issue: 4, 718 - 724, 31.12.2024

Kenneth Atoe , Ejuoghanran Onovughakpo-sakpa , Sunday Omozuwa

Abstract

Hypertension, often referred to as high blood pressure, poses a significant health threat, especially in pregnant women. This prospective case-control study conducted in Benin City, Nigeria, investigates the levels of Cystatin-C in hypertensive pregnant patients. Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy, affecting 2 to 10 pregnancies out of 10, can lead to severe health complications for both the mother and the unborn child. Pregnancy-induced hypertension, in particular, is a leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide and is associated with various chronic health conditions. Monitoring blood pressure is crucial in identifying individuals at risk and managing the consequences of hypertension, as it is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular and kidney diseases. The study focused on the potentials of Cystatin-C, a marker for kidney function, to provide insights into renal health in hypertensive pregnant patients. The research involved 190 women categorized into three groups: preeclampsia, pregnancy-induced hypertension, and normotensive pregnant individuals. In order to estimate the amounts of urea, creatinine, and Cystatin-C, blood samples were drawn and blood pressure was measured. The findings revealed that Cystatin-C levels were significantly elevated in preeclamptic cases compared to normotensive individuals. The results also indicated that Cystatin-C levels in preeclampsia increased during the third trimester. Additionally, there was a significant influence in body mass index of Cystatin-C levels, and higher levels observed in individuals with lower body mass index, BMI.

Keywords

Pregnancy-induced hypertension, Cystatin-C, Preeclampsia, Renal function, Blood pressure, Maternal health, Hypertensive disorders, biomarker

Ethical Statement

Every participant in the research gave their informed permission. The nature and aim of this work were fully discussed with study participants and had the right towithdraw from the study without being adverselyaffected regarding the medical service they received. Ethical approval of ethical committee (Protocol No. ADM/E.22/A/VOL.VII/1469) was also collected from the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Edo State.

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