An Investigation into The Occupational Perceptions of Healthcare Professionals: The Covid-19 Pandemic

Öznur Ertosun

doi:10.26466/opusjsr.1159932

EN

An Investigation into The Occupational Perceptions of Healthcare Professionals: The Covid-19 Pandemic

Abstract

Psychological needs, uncomfortable when not met, are explained by our expectations of achievement, relationship, autonomy, and dominance. Since work life is an important determinant in meeting directly (or indirectly) the tangible and intangible needs of individuals, work-related experiences are very effective in individuals' occupational perceptions. Also, occupational preferences are based on reasons: conscious selection, environmental pressure, financial security, prestige and social benefit. In order to test this connection (and the sources of the differences), the pandemic period constitutes the justification for the sample design of the study, especially as it includes challenging working conditions for healthcare professionals. Accordingly, the main purpose of the study is to discuss the relationship between the occupational preferences of healthcare professions and their psychological needs, with the determinant of their specific working conditions. Mixed (pluralist) research method is used in the design of the study. While the perceptions of the respondents about the working conditions are determined through the socio-demographic information form and open-ended questions, the occupational preferences inventory and the new psychological needs assessment scale are used to evaluate the occupational perceptions of healthcare professions. The study sample consists of a total of 378 respondents selected from doctors, pharmacists, and nurses. The study points to important findings regarding the connection between the occupational preferences of health professionals and their psychological needs. In addition, occupational groups (doctor, pharmacist, nurse) differ from each other in terms of occupational preferences and working conditions.

Keywords

Occupational Preference , Psychological Needs , Healthcare Professions , COVID-19

References

Adler, S., & Aranya, N. (1984). A comparison of the work needs, attitudes, and preferences of professional accountants at different career stages. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 25(1), 45-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8791%2884%2990035-6.
Akduman, G., & Dündar, G. İ. (2017). Çalışan mutluluğunun işe ilişkin duyuşsal iyilik algısı ile ilişkisi ve kuşaklar arasındaki farklılıkların incelenmesi. Nişantaşı Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 5(2), 29-49.
Anderson, F. B. (1974). An analysis of relationships between variables in the vocational choice process of educable mentally retarded work-study students. The University of Iowa ProQuest Dissertations Publishing. 7421866.
Baltacı, U. B., Öztemel, K., & Traş, Z. (2020). Investigation of the relationship between adolescents’ career indecision, and social support perception and basic psychological needs. International Education Studies, 13(10), 113-123.https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v13n10p113.
Baluku, M. M., Balikoowa, R., Bantu, E., & Otto, K. (2020). Applying self-determination theory to explaining differences in career commitment between self-employed and salaried employees: The role of basic psychological needs. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 12(5), 93-619. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-05-2019-0051.
Behymer, J., & Cockriel, I. W. (1988). Career choice conflict. Journal of Career Development, 15(2), 134-140. https://doi.org/10.1177/089484538801500206.
Bernard, D., Martin, J. J., & Kulik, N. (2014). Self determination theory and well‐being in the health care profession. Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research, 19(3), 157-170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jabr.12023.
Bohn Jr, M. J. (1966). Psychological needs related to vocational personality types. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 13(3), 306.
Bozdağ, F., & Ergün, N. (2020). Psychological resilience of healthcare professionals during COVID-19 pandemic. Psychological Reports, 124(6), 2567–2586. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033294120965477.
Busque-Carrier, M., Ratelle, C. F., & Le Corff, Y. (2021). Work values and job satisfaction: The mediating role of basic psychological needs at work. Journal of Career Development,0(0) 1–16.https://doi.org/10.1177/08948453211043878.

Chen, B., Van Assche, J., Vansteenkiste, M., Soenens, B., & Beyers, W. (2015). Does psychological need satisfaction matter when environmental or financial safety are at risk?. Journal of Happiness Studies, 16(3), 745-766. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10902-014-9532-5.
Çelmeçe, N., & Menekay, M. (2020). The effect of stress, anxiety and burnout levels of healthcare professionals caring for COVID-19 patients on their quality of life. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.597624.
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The" what" and" why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227-268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01.
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2014). The importance of universal psychological needs for understanding motivation in the workplace. In Nathan, P.E. (Ed.). Oxford handbook of work engagement, motivation and self-determination theory. (p.13-32). Oxford. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199794911.013.003.
Dysvik, A., Kuvaas, B., & Gagné, M. (2013). An investigation of the unique, synergistic and balanced relationships between basic psychological needs and intrinsic motivation. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 43(5), 1050-1064. https://doi.org/10.1111/jasp.12068.
Elchardus, M. and Smits, W. (2008). The vanishing flexible: Ambition, self-realization and flexibility in the career perspectives of young Belgian adults. Work, Employment and Society, 22(2), 243-262.https://doi.org/10.1177/0950017008089103.
Furnham, A. (2001). Vocational preference and P–O fit: Reflections on Holland’s theory of vocational choice. Applied Psychology, 50(1), 5-29. https://doi.org/10.1111/1464-0597.00046.
Furnham, A., Toop, A., Lewis, C., & Fisher, A. (1995). PE fit and job satisfaction: A failure to support Holland's theory in three British samples. Personality and individual differences, 19(5), 677-690. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869%2895%2900091-J .
Ginzberg, E., Ginsberg, S. W., Axelrad, S., & Herma, J. L. (1951). Occupational choice: an approach to a general theory. Columbia University Press. https://doi.org/10.1086/257129.
Hacimusalar, Y., Kahve, A. C., Yasar, A. B., & Aydin, M. S. (2020). Anxiety and hopelessness levels in COVID-19 pandemic: A comparative study of healthcare professionals and other community sample in Turkey. Journal of psychiatric research, 129, 181-188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.07.024.
Heckert, T. M., Cuneio, G., Hannah, A. P., Adams, P. J., Droste, H. E., Mueller, M. A., & Roberts, L. L. (2000). Creation of a new needs assessment questionnaire. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 15(1), 121. https://doi.org/10.1037/e413782005-409.
Holland, J. L. (1959). A theory of vocational choice. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 6, 35-45. https://www.doi.org/10.1037/H0040767.
Howell, R. T., Kurai, M., & Tam, L. (2013). Money buys financial security and psychological need satisfaction: Testing need theory in affluence. Social Indicators Research, 110(1), 17-29. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11205-010-9774-5.
Hubert, C., & Morris, J. (1989). Multivariate versus multiple univariate analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 105, 302-308. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.105.2.302.
Jones, R. L., & Gottfried, N. W. (1966). Psychological needs and preferences for teaching exceptional children. Exceptional Children, 32(5), 313-324. https://doi.org/10.1177/001440296603200505.
Kesici, Ş. (2008). Yeni psikolojik ihtiyaç değerlendirme ölçeğinin türkçe formunun geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalişmasi: Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonuçlari. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 20, 493-500.
Kim, S., Youn, S., & Moon, J. (2021). The impact of basic psychological needs satisfaction on the performance of the franchisee. Journal of Distribution Science, 19(1), 17-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15722/jds.19.1.202101.17.
Klassen, R. M., Perry, N. E., & Frenzel, A. C. (2012). Teachers' relatedness with students: An underemphasized component of teachers' basic psychological needs. Journal of Educational Psychology, 104(1), 150. https://doi.org/10.1037/A0026253.
Kniveton, B. H. (2004). The influences and motivations on which students base their choice of career. Research in Education, 72, 47-57. https://doi.org/10.7227/RIE.72.4.
Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and psychological measurement, 30(3), 607-610. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316447003000308.
Kristof‐Brown, A. L., Zimmerman, R. D., & Johnson, E. C. (2005). Consequences of individuals' fit at work: A meta‐analysis of person–job, person–organization, person–group, and person–supervisor fit. Personnel psychology, 58(2), 281-342.http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2005.00672.x.
Menninger, K. (1957). Psychological factors in the choice of medicine as a profession. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 21(2), 51. PMID: 13413452.
Mitchell, T. R. (1974). Expectancy models of job satisfaction, occupational preference and effort: A theoretical, methodological, and empirical appraisal. Psychological Bulletin, 81(12), 1053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0037495.
Nye, C. D., Su, R., Rounds, J., & Drasgow, F. (2012). Vocational interests and performance: A quantitative summary of over 60 years of research. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 7(4), 384-403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745691612449021 .
Olafsen, A. H., Deci, E. L., & Halvari, H. (2018). Basic psychological needs and work motivation: A longitudinal test of directionality. Motivation and Emotion, 42(2), 178-189. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-017-9646-2.
Ornell, F., Halpern, S. C., Kessler, F. H. P., & Narvaez, J. C. D. M. (2020). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of healthcare professionals. Cadernos de saude publica, 36, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcaa207 .
Osipow, S. H. (1968). Theories of career development: A comparison of the theories. Appleton-Century-Crofts.
Övet, O. (2006). Eğitim fakültesi öğrencilerinin öğretmenlik mesleğini tercih etmelerinde etkili olan faktörlerin belirlenmesi (Determination of the factors that influenced the occupational choice of students of education faculty), Master Thesis, Yeditepe University, Istanbul.
Pardee, R. L. (1990). Motivation theories of Maslow, Herzberg, McGregor & McClelland: A literature review of selected theories dealing with job satisfaction and motivation. EDRS.
Roe, Anne (1957). Early determinants of vocational choice. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 4, 212-217. https://doi.org/10.1037/H0045950.
Sekaran, U. (2003). Research methods for business: A skill building approach (4th ed.). John Wiley & Sons, New York.
Sencer, M., & Sencer, Y. (1978). Toplumsal araştırmalarda yöntem bilim 'TODAİE. Ankara.
Shuck, B., Zigarmi, D., & Owen, J. (2015). Psychological needs, engagement, and work intentions: A Bayesian multi-measurement mediation approach and implications for HRD. European Journal of Training and Development, 39(1), 2-21. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJTD-08-2014-0061.
Sperling, D. (2021). Ethical dilemmas, perceived risk, and motivation among nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nursing Ethics, 28(1), 9-22. https://doi.org/10.1177/0969733020956376.
Sulaiman, T., Ibrahim, A., Motevalli, S., Wong, K. Y., & Hakim, M. N. (2021). Effect of e-evaluation on work motivation among teachers during the movement control order in COVID-19: The mediating role of stress. Interactive Technology and Smart Education, 18(3), 435-449.https://doi.org/10.1108/ITSE-05-2020-0066.
Super, D. E. (1963). Self-concepts in vocational development. In Super, D. E., et al., Career development: self-concept theory. CEEB Research Monograph
Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics (5th ed.). Allyn & Bacon / Pearson Education.
Taber, K. S. (2018). The use of Cronbach’s alpha when developing and reporting research instruments in science education. Research in science education, 48(6), 1273-1296. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11165-016-9602-2.
Tovmasyan, G., & Minasyan, D. (2020). The impact of motivation on work efficiency for both employers and employees also during COVID-19 pandemic: Case study from Armenia. Business Ethics and Leadership, 4(3), 25-35. https://doi.org/10.21272/10.21272%2Fbel.4%283%29.25-35.2020.
Vogel, R. M., & Feldman, D. C. (2009). Integrating the levels of person-environment fit: The roles of vocational fit and group fit. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 75(1), 68-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JVB.2009.03.007.
Vroom, V. H. (1964). Work and motivation, Wiley.
Warner, R. M. (2008). Applied statistics: From bivariate through multivariate techniques. Sage Publications, Inc.
Wolor, C. W., Susita, D., & Martono, S. (2020). How to maintain employee motivation amid the Covid-19 virus pandemic. International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), 8(4), 78-86. http://dx.doi.org/10.35808/ijeba/570.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

-

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Öznur Ertosun ^*
Türkiye

Publication Date

January 31, 2023

Submission Date

August 9, 2022

Acceptance Date

January 3, 2023

Published in Issue

Year 2023 Volume: 20 Number: 51

DOI

https://doi.org/10.26466/opusjsr.1159932

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA32PP72BX

APA

Ertosun, Ö. (2023). An Investigation into The Occupational Perceptions of Healthcare Professionals: The Covid-19 Pandemic. OPUS Journal of Society Research, 20(51), 110-124. https://doi.org/10.26466/opusjsr.1159932

An Investigation into The Occupational Perceptions of Healthcare Professionals: The Covid-19 Pandemic

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

An Investigation into The Occupational Perceptions of Healthcare Professionals: The Covid-19 Pandemic

Abstract

Keywords

References

Details

Primary Language

Subjects

Journal Section

Authors

Publication Date

Submission Date

Acceptance Date

Published in Issue

DOI

IZ

Cite