Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

MOBBING AND SUICIDE A CASE STUDY ON SUICIDE INCIDENTS IN TURKEY

Year 2023, Volume: 20 Issue: 56, 1181 - 1193, 18.12.2023

Osman Eroğlu , Aslı Aşçıoğlu Önal

https://doi.org/10.26466/opusjsr.1393181

Abstract

The frequency and persistence of mobbing behavior, which can occur in all professional groups and organizations, has devastating effects on the victim and in some cases leads to suicide. In this study, the characteristics of the individuals who committed suicide due to workplace mobbing and how they experienced this situation was examined through newspaper news on the internet. Case study, which is a qualitative research approach, was used as the research design. Descriptive content analysis was performed in order to analyse the data. The analyses were made after news about suicide incidents in Turkey were found on the internet by typing "mobbing and suicide". 12 of these suicide cases were associated with mobbing by researchers. These cases were examined in terms of variables such as gender, age, profession, type of suicide, suicide note, psychiatric treatment, mobbing claim and type of mobbing. As a result of the analysis, a relationship was found between mobbing and suicide. It has been determined that the majority of those who commit suicide due to mobbing are women and the age range where suicides occur most frequently is the 25-34 age range. It has been found that the majority of those who commit suicide are single. It has been claimed that the professional group in which suicides occur most frequently is doctors and the most common form of suicide is jumping from a height. It has been determined that some of those who committed suicide received psychiatric treatment. It has been observed that almost half of those who committed suicide left a suicide note. The most common forms of mobbing are It has been revealed that these are threats, work pressure, humiliation, isolation, disregard, gossip, slander, interference with lifestyle, arbitrary practices, obstruction of professional advancement and physical violence.

Keywords

Mobbing suicide Türkiye

References

  • Adler, A., Ansbacher, H. L., & Ansbacher, R. R. (1956). The individual Psychology of Alfred Adler A systematic presentation in selections from his writings. New York: Basic Books
  • Ak, M. and Okur-Çakıcı, F. (2018) “Gender Perception of Working Women: A Research on Working Women in Gümüşhane”, Gümüşhane University Journal of Social Sciences, 9 (22), p. 253-275
  • Akın M.M. (2018). A Sociological Perspective on Suicidal Behaviors in Turkish Prisons, Pamukkale University, Social Sciences Institute Doctoral Thesis.
  • Bertolote JM, Fleischmann A, De Leo D et al. (2004) Psychiatric diagnoses and suicide: revising the evidence. Crisis 25:147-55.
  • Brousse, G., Fontana, L., Ouchchane, L., Boisson, C., Gerbaud, L., Bourguet, D., . .Chamoux, A. (2008). Psychopathological Features of a Patient Population Targets of Workplace Bullying. Occupational Medicine, 58, 122-128.
  • Bulduk, E.H. (2008). Analysis of Suicide in Turkey: The "Batman" Example, (Unpublished master's thesis). Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University. Istanbul.
  • Creswell, J. W., Hanson, W. E., Clark, V. L. P., and Morales, A. (2007). Qualitative Research Designs: Selection and Implementation. The Counseling Psychologist, 35(2), 236-264.
  • Davenport, N., Schwartz, R. D., & Elliott, G. P. (2003). Mobbing: Emotional Abuse in the American Workplace Trans. O. C. Önertoy. Istanbul: System Publishing.
  • Dick, R., & Wagner, U. (2001). “Stress and Strain in Teaching: A Structural Equation Approach.” British Journal of Educational Psychology 71: 243-259.
  • Duffy, M., & Sperry, L. (2007), “Workplace mobbing: Individual and Family Health Consequences”, The Family Journal, Vol.15, No.4: 398-404.
  • Durkheim E (1951) Suicide: A Study in Sociology. New York, Free Press (First published in 1897) Durkheim E. (2013). Suicide, (Translated by Z.Zühre İlkgelen), Pozitif Publications, Istanbul.
  • DSÖ (2016), World Health Organization, Mental Health, http://www.who.int/mental_health/suicide-prevention/en/, (21.05.2020).
  • Einarsen, S. (1999). The nature and causes of bullying at work. International Journal of Manpower - INT J MANPOWER. 20. 16-27. 10.1108/01437729910268588.
  • Eskin, M., Ertekin, K., Dereboy, C. and Demirkiran, F. (2007). Risk factors for and protective factors aga- inst adolescent suicidal behavior in Turkey. Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention, 28(3), 131–139.
  • Eskin, M. (2012). Suicide: Description, Assessment, Treatment, and Prevention. Ankara:H.Y.B Publishing. Harmanci, P. (2015). Investigation of Suicide Cases in the World and in Turkey in Terms of Sociodemographic Characteristics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Health Sciences Journal Vol 1, Suppl1.
  • Hansen, Å., Gullander, M., Hogh, A., Persson, R., Kolstad, H., Willert, M., Grynderup, M. (2016). Workplace bullying, sleep problems and leisure-time physical activity: a prospective cohort study. Scand J Work Environ Health, 42(1), 26-33.
  • Hawton, K. (2000). Sex and suicide. British Journal of Psychiatry, 177, 484-485
  • Heinemann, P. (1972). Mobbning – Gruppvåld bland barn och vuxna (Mobbing – Group Violence by Children and Adults). Stockholm: Natur and Kultur.
  • Hoel, H., & Beale, D. (2006). Workplace Bullying, Psychological Perspectives and Industrial Relations: Towards a Contextualized and Interdisciplinary Approach. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 44(2), 239-262.
  • Jennifer, D., Cowie, H., & Ananiadou, K. (2003). “Perception and Experience of Workplace Bullying in Five Different Working Populations.” Aggressive Behavior, 2, 489-496.
  • Joiner, T. E., Rudd, M. D., Rouleau, M. R., & Wagner, K. D. (2000). Parameters of suicidal crises vary as a function of previous suicide attempts in youth inpatients. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 39, 876–880.
  • Kaplan, B., Er Piskin, R., Ayar, B. (2013). Violence Against Health Care Workers. Medical Journal of Islamic World Academy of Sciences 21(1), 4-10.
  • Karbeyaz K., Akkaya, H., Balcı Y., Urazel B. (2014). Analysis of Suicide Notes: Eskişehir experience, Journal of Neuropsychiatry Archives, 51, 275-279.
  • Kaukiainen, A., Salmivalli, C., Björkqvist, K., Österman, K., Lahtinen, A., Kostamo, A., & Lagerspetz, K. (2001). Overt and Covert Aggression in Work Settings in Relation to the Subjective Well-Being of Employees. Aggressive Behavior, 27, 360-370.
  • Leach L. S, Poyser C, Butterworth P. Occup Environ Med 2017;74:72– 79.
  • Lester, D. (1997). Gender differences in suicidal behavior. Making Sense of Suicide (pp. 93 -99), The Charles Press, Publishers, Inc.
  • Lester, D. (2017). The Methods Chosen for Suicide. In David Lester and Steven Stack (Eds.), Suicide as a Dramatic Performance, London and New York: Routledge.
  • Leymann, H. (1990). Mobbing and psychological terror at workplaces. Violence and victims, 5(2), 119-126.
  • Leymann, H. (1996). The Content and Development of Mobbing at Work. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5(2), 165-184.
  • Leymann, H., & Gustafsson, A. (1996). Mobbing at Work and the Development of Post Traumatic Stress Disorders. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5(2), 251-275.
  • Lorenz, K. (1963). On Aggression. San Diego, CA: Harcourt Brace.
  • Martin, G., Richardson, A. S., Bergen, H. A., Roeger, L., and Allison, S. (2005). Perceived academic performance, self-esteem and locus of control as indicators of need for assessment of adolescent suicide risk: Implications for teachers. Journal of Adolescence, 28(1), 75–87.
  • McGuffin P, Marusic A, Farmer A, et al. (2001) What can psychiatric genetics offer suicide? Crisis, 22: 61–65.
  • Namie, G. (2000), “U.S. Hostile Workplace Survey-2000” Workplace Bullying Institute, http://www.workplacebullying.org/multi/pdf/N-N-2000.pdf (23.09.2020).
  • Namie, G. (2003). Workplace bullying: Escalated incivility. Ivey Business Journal, 1-6.
  • Nielsen, M.B., et al., Workplace bullying and suicidal ideation: A 3-wave longitudinal Norwegian study. American Journal of Public Health, 2015. 105(11): p. e23-e28.
  • Nielsen, M., Einarsen, S., Notelaers, G., Nielsen, G., & Psychol, C. (2016). Does exposure to bullying behaviors at the workplace contribute to later suicidal ideation? A three-wave longitudinal study. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, 42(3), 246 -250.
  • O'Donnell, S., & MacIntosh, J. (2016). Gender and Workplace Bullying: Men's Experiences of Surviving Bullying at Work. Qualitative Health Research, 26(3), 351-366.
  • Öntürk, Y. (2018). Mobbing in the sports environment. Ankara: Gece Kitaplığı Publishing House.
  • Özkul, B., & Çarıkçı, İ. H. (2010). Mobbing and Its Evaluation in Terms of Turkish Law. Süleyman Demirel University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences Journal, 15(1): 481-499.
  • Pridmore S., & Walter G. (2014) Suicidal Ideation and Completed Suicide in the Decameron, Turkish Journal of Psychiatry, 25(1):38-41.
  • Page, R. M., Yanagishita, J., Suwanteerangkul, J., Zarco, E. P., Mei-Lee, C., and Miao, N. F. (2006). Hopelessness and loneliness among suicide attempters in school-based samples of Taiwanese, Philippine, and Thai Adolescents. School Psychology International, 27, 583-598.
  • Rasmussen M. L, Haavind H, Dieserud G, et al. (2014) Exploring vulnerability to suicide in the developmental history of young men: a psychological autopsy study. Death Stud 38:549-56.
  • Ribeiro, J. D, Lindsay P. Bodell, Jennifer L. Hames, Christopher R. Hagan and Thomas E. Joiner (2013). An Experimental Approach to the Assessment and Management of Suicidal Behaviour Journal of Integration in Psychotherapy. (23):3.
  • Schaller, M. (2001). “Unintended influence: Social-evolutionary processes in the construction and change of culturally shared beliefs”. Social influence: Direct and indirect processes, (ed. Forgas J. and Williams K.), 77-93. Philadelphia: Psychology Press.
  • Shneidman, E. S. (1998). Perspectives on suicide. Further reflections on suicide and psychache. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behaviour, 3(28), 245-250.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1943278X. 1998. tb00854.x.
  • Sperry, L., & Duffy, M. (2009). “Workplace Mobbing: Family Dynamics and Therapeutic Considerations.” The American Journal of Family Therapy 37(5): 433-442.
  • Stemler, S. (2001). An overview of content analysis. Practical Assessment, Research and Evaluation, 7(17).
  • Swahn M. H, Palmier J.B, Kasirye R, et al. (2012) Correlates of suicide ideation and attempted among youth living in the slums of Kampala. Int J Environ Res Public Health 9:596609.
  • Tınaz, P. (2006). Psychological Harassment in the Workplace. Istanbul: Beta Press Release Distribution. TUIK, (2020). Suicide Statistics.
  • Van Fleet, D., & Van Fleet, E. (2012). Towards a Behavioral Description of Managerial Bullying. Employ Responsible Rights J, 24, 197-215.
  • Yıldırım, Ali & Şimşek, Hasan (2006). 6th Edition, Qualitative Research Methods in Social Sciences, Ankara: Seçkin Publishing.
  • Yildiz, S. M. (2017). Selected topics in organizational behaviour. Ankara: Detay Publishing House. Zapf, D., Dormann, C., & Frese, M. (1996).
  • Longitudinal studies in organizational stress research: A review of the literature with reference to methodological issues. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 1(2), 145–169.

Year 2023, Volume: 20 Issue: 56, 1181 - 1193, 18.12.2023

Osman Eroğlu , Aslı Aşçıoğlu Önal

https://doi.org/10.26466/opusjsr.1393181

Abstract

Tüm meslek gruplarında ve kuruluşlarda ortaya çıkabilen mobbing davranışının sıklığı ve devam etmesi, mağdur üzerinde yıkıcı etkiler yaratmakta ve bazı durumlarda intihara yol açmaktadır. Bu çalışmada işyerinde maruz kaldiklari mobbing nedeniyle intihar eden bireylerin ozellikleri ve bu durumu nasil deneyimledikleri internette yer alan gazete haberleri araciligiyla incelenmistir. Çalışmada araştırma yöntemi olarak nitel bir yöntem olan durum calismasi kullanilmistir. Elde edilen verilerin analiz edilmesi icin betimsel içerik analizi uygulanmistir. Turkiye’deki intihar olaylarıyla ilgili haberler internette “mobbing ve intihar” yazılarak bulunduktan sonra analizler yapılmıştır. Bu intihar vakalarının 12'si araştırmacılar tarafından mobbing ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Bu vakalar cinsiyet, yaş, meslek, intihar türü, intihar notu, psikiyatrik tedavi, mobbing iddiası ve mobbing türü gibi değişkenler açısından incelenmiştir. Analizler sonucunda mobbing nedeniyle intihar edenlerin çoğunluğunu kadınların oluşturduğu ve intiharların en sık gerçekleştiği yaş aralığının 25-34 yaş aralığı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. İntihar edenlerin çoğunluğunun bekar oldukları bulgusu ortaya konmuştur. İntiharların en sık gerçekleştiği meslek grubunun doktorlar olduğu ve en yaygın intihar şeklinin yüksekten atlama olduğu bulunmuştur. İntihar edenlerin bir kısmının psikiyatrik tedavi gördüğü tespit edilmiştir. İntihar edenlerin neredeyse yarısının intihar notu bıraktığı görülmüştür. En sık karşılaşılan mobbing biçimlerinin ise; tehdit, iş baskısı, aşağılama, tecrit, umursamama, dedikodu, iftira, yaşam tarzına müdahale, keyfi uygulamalar, mesleki ilerlemenin engellenmesi ve fiziksel şiddet oldukları ortaya konmuştur.

Keywords

Mobbing İntihar Türkiye

References

  • Adler, A., Ansbacher, H. L., & Ansbacher, R. R. (1956). The individual Psychology of Alfred Adler A systematic presentation in selections from his writings. New York: Basic Books
  • Ak, M. and Okur-Çakıcı, F. (2018) “Gender Perception of Working Women: A Research on Working Women in Gümüşhane”, Gümüşhane University Journal of Social Sciences, 9 (22), p. 253-275
  • Akın M.M. (2018). A Sociological Perspective on Suicidal Behaviors in Turkish Prisons, Pamukkale University, Social Sciences Institute Doctoral Thesis.
  • Bertolote JM, Fleischmann A, De Leo D et al. (2004) Psychiatric diagnoses and suicide: revising the evidence. Crisis 25:147-55.
  • Brousse, G., Fontana, L., Ouchchane, L., Boisson, C., Gerbaud, L., Bourguet, D., . .Chamoux, A. (2008). Psychopathological Features of a Patient Population Targets of Workplace Bullying. Occupational Medicine, 58, 122-128.
  • Bulduk, E.H. (2008). Analysis of Suicide in Turkey: The "Batman" Example, (Unpublished master's thesis). Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University. Istanbul.
  • Creswell, J. W., Hanson, W. E., Clark, V. L. P., and Morales, A. (2007). Qualitative Research Designs: Selection and Implementation. The Counseling Psychologist, 35(2), 236-264.
  • Davenport, N., Schwartz, R. D., & Elliott, G. P. (2003). Mobbing: Emotional Abuse in the American Workplace Trans. O. C. Önertoy. Istanbul: System Publishing.
  • Dick, R., & Wagner, U. (2001). “Stress and Strain in Teaching: A Structural Equation Approach.” British Journal of Educational Psychology 71: 243-259.
  • Duffy, M., & Sperry, L. (2007), “Workplace mobbing: Individual and Family Health Consequences”, The Family Journal, Vol.15, No.4: 398-404.
  • Durkheim E (1951) Suicide: A Study in Sociology. New York, Free Press (First published in 1897) Durkheim E. (2013). Suicide, (Translated by Z.Zühre İlkgelen), Pozitif Publications, Istanbul.
  • DSÖ (2016), World Health Organization, Mental Health, http://www.who.int/mental_health/suicide-prevention/en/, (21.05.2020).
  • Einarsen, S. (1999). The nature and causes of bullying at work. International Journal of Manpower - INT J MANPOWER. 20. 16-27. 10.1108/01437729910268588.
  • Eskin, M., Ertekin, K., Dereboy, C. and Demirkiran, F. (2007). Risk factors for and protective factors aga- inst adolescent suicidal behavior in Turkey. Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention, 28(3), 131–139.
  • Eskin, M. (2012). Suicide: Description, Assessment, Treatment, and Prevention. Ankara:H.Y.B Publishing. Harmanci, P. (2015). Investigation of Suicide Cases in the World and in Turkey in Terms of Sociodemographic Characteristics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Health Sciences Journal Vol 1, Suppl1.
  • Hansen, Å., Gullander, M., Hogh, A., Persson, R., Kolstad, H., Willert, M., Grynderup, M. (2016). Workplace bullying, sleep problems and leisure-time physical activity: a prospective cohort study. Scand J Work Environ Health, 42(1), 26-33.
  • Hawton, K. (2000). Sex and suicide. British Journal of Psychiatry, 177, 484-485
  • Heinemann, P. (1972). Mobbning – Gruppvåld bland barn och vuxna (Mobbing – Group Violence by Children and Adults). Stockholm: Natur and Kultur.
  • Hoel, H., & Beale, D. (2006). Workplace Bullying, Psychological Perspectives and Industrial Relations: Towards a Contextualized and Interdisciplinary Approach. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 44(2), 239-262.
  • Jennifer, D., Cowie, H., & Ananiadou, K. (2003). “Perception and Experience of Workplace Bullying in Five Different Working Populations.” Aggressive Behavior, 2, 489-496.
  • Joiner, T. E., Rudd, M. D., Rouleau, M. R., & Wagner, K. D. (2000). Parameters of suicidal crises vary as a function of previous suicide attempts in youth inpatients. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 39, 876–880.
  • Kaplan, B., Er Piskin, R., Ayar, B. (2013). Violence Against Health Care Workers. Medical Journal of Islamic World Academy of Sciences 21(1), 4-10.
  • Karbeyaz K., Akkaya, H., Balcı Y., Urazel B. (2014). Analysis of Suicide Notes: Eskişehir experience, Journal of Neuropsychiatry Archives, 51, 275-279.
  • Kaukiainen, A., Salmivalli, C., Björkqvist, K., Österman, K., Lahtinen, A., Kostamo, A., & Lagerspetz, K. (2001). Overt and Covert Aggression in Work Settings in Relation to the Subjective Well-Being of Employees. Aggressive Behavior, 27, 360-370.
  • Leach L. S, Poyser C, Butterworth P. Occup Environ Med 2017;74:72– 79.
  • Lester, D. (1997). Gender differences in suicidal behavior. Making Sense of Suicide (pp. 93 -99), The Charles Press, Publishers, Inc.
  • Lester, D. (2017). The Methods Chosen for Suicide. In David Lester and Steven Stack (Eds.), Suicide as a Dramatic Performance, London and New York: Routledge.
  • Leymann, H. (1990). Mobbing and psychological terror at workplaces. Violence and victims, 5(2), 119-126.
  • Leymann, H. (1996). The Content and Development of Mobbing at Work. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5(2), 165-184.
  • Leymann, H., & Gustafsson, A. (1996). Mobbing at Work and the Development of Post Traumatic Stress Disorders. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5(2), 251-275.
  • Lorenz, K. (1963). On Aggression. San Diego, CA: Harcourt Brace.
  • Martin, G., Richardson, A. S., Bergen, H. A., Roeger, L., and Allison, S. (2005). Perceived academic performance, self-esteem and locus of control as indicators of need for assessment of adolescent suicide risk: Implications for teachers. Journal of Adolescence, 28(1), 75–87.
  • McGuffin P, Marusic A, Farmer A, et al. (2001) What can psychiatric genetics offer suicide? Crisis, 22: 61–65.
  • Namie, G. (2000), “U.S. Hostile Workplace Survey-2000” Workplace Bullying Institute, http://www.workplacebullying.org/multi/pdf/N-N-2000.pdf (23.09.2020).
  • Namie, G. (2003). Workplace bullying: Escalated incivility. Ivey Business Journal, 1-6.
  • Nielsen, M.B., et al., Workplace bullying and suicidal ideation: A 3-wave longitudinal Norwegian study. American Journal of Public Health, 2015. 105(11): p. e23-e28.
  • Nielsen, M., Einarsen, S., Notelaers, G., Nielsen, G., & Psychol, C. (2016). Does exposure to bullying behaviors at the workplace contribute to later suicidal ideation? A three-wave longitudinal study. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, 42(3), 246 -250.
  • O'Donnell, S., & MacIntosh, J. (2016). Gender and Workplace Bullying: Men's Experiences of Surviving Bullying at Work. Qualitative Health Research, 26(3), 351-366.
  • Öntürk, Y. (2018). Mobbing in the sports environment. Ankara: Gece Kitaplığı Publishing House.
  • Özkul, B., & Çarıkçı, İ. H. (2010). Mobbing and Its Evaluation in Terms of Turkish Law. Süleyman Demirel University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences Journal, 15(1): 481-499.
  • Pridmore S., & Walter G. (2014) Suicidal Ideation and Completed Suicide in the Decameron, Turkish Journal of Psychiatry, 25(1):38-41.
  • Page, R. M., Yanagishita, J., Suwanteerangkul, J., Zarco, E. P., Mei-Lee, C., and Miao, N. F. (2006). Hopelessness and loneliness among suicide attempters in school-based samples of Taiwanese, Philippine, and Thai Adolescents. School Psychology International, 27, 583-598.
  • Rasmussen M. L, Haavind H, Dieserud G, et al. (2014) Exploring vulnerability to suicide in the developmental history of young men: a psychological autopsy study. Death Stud 38:549-56.
  • Ribeiro, J. D, Lindsay P. Bodell, Jennifer L. Hames, Christopher R. Hagan and Thomas E. Joiner (2013). An Experimental Approach to the Assessment and Management of Suicidal Behaviour Journal of Integration in Psychotherapy. (23):3.
  • Schaller, M. (2001). “Unintended influence: Social-evolutionary processes in the construction and change of culturally shared beliefs”. Social influence: Direct and indirect processes, (ed. Forgas J. and Williams K.), 77-93. Philadelphia: Psychology Press.
  • Shneidman, E. S. (1998). Perspectives on suicide. Further reflections on suicide and psychache. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behaviour, 3(28), 245-250.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1943278X. 1998. tb00854.x.
  • Sperry, L., & Duffy, M. (2009). “Workplace Mobbing: Family Dynamics and Therapeutic Considerations.” The American Journal of Family Therapy 37(5): 433-442.
  • Stemler, S. (2001). An overview of content analysis. Practical Assessment, Research and Evaluation, 7(17).
  • Swahn M. H, Palmier J.B, Kasirye R, et al. (2012) Correlates of suicide ideation and attempted among youth living in the slums of Kampala. Int J Environ Res Public Health 9:596609.
  • Tınaz, P. (2006). Psychological Harassment in the Workplace. Istanbul: Beta Press Release Distribution. TUIK, (2020). Suicide Statistics.
  • Van Fleet, D., & Van Fleet, E. (2012). Towards a Behavioral Description of Managerial Bullying. Employ Responsible Rights J, 24, 197-215.
  • Yıldırım, Ali & Şimşek, Hasan (2006). 6th Edition, Qualitative Research Methods in Social Sciences, Ankara: Seçkin Publishing.
  • Yildiz, S. M. (2017). Selected topics in organizational behaviour. Ankara: Detay Publishing House. Zapf, D., Dormann, C., & Frese, M. (1996).
  • Longitudinal studies in organizational stress research: A review of the literature with reference to methodological issues. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 1(2), 145–169.
There are 54 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Industrial and Organisational Psychology (Incl. Human Factors), Organisational Behaviour
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Osman Eroğlu

Aslı Aşçıoğlu Önal

Early Pub Date December 16, 2023
Publication Date December 18, 2023
Submission Date November 20, 2023
Acceptance Date December 16, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 20 Issue: 56

Cite

APA Eroğlu, O., & Aşçıoğlu Önal, A. (2023). MOBBING AND SUICIDE A CASE STUDY ON SUICIDE INCIDENTS IN TURKEY. OPUS Journal of Society Research, 20(56), 1181-1193. https://doi.org/10.26466/opusjsr.1393181
 Download Cover Image