Subjective Well-Being According to Gender in The Light of TUIK Data

Year 2025, Volume: 22 Issue: 1, 126 - 142

Sanem Şehribanoğlu

https://doi.org/10.26466/opusjsr.1553437

Abstract

The concept of subjective well-being is used to quantify the level of satisfaction that individuals experience with their lives. The happiness and satisfaction of individuals within a society serve as an indicator of the social well-being of that society. This information provides a basis for guidance for policymakers. Furthermore, global rankings that incorporate subjective well-being, such as happiness reports conducted globally, are instrumental in illustrating how a country is perceived from an external perspective. A number of factors have been identified as determinants of private well-being, including gender, marital status, level of education, social relations, level of health, sense of security, individual freedoms, income level, employment status, career progression and the quality of the environment. Subjective well-being exhibits considerable variation between different societies and between genders within the same society. It is crucial for policymakers who are committed to enhancing social subjective well-being to gain an understanding of the discrepancies between genders. The social roles ascribed to genders influence their perception of life, their preferences and lifestyle. It is therefore crucial for researchers and policy makers engaged in the field of subjective well-being to gain an understanding of the impact of gender on this phenomenon. The objective of this study is utilize structural equation modelling to elucidate the causal relationships between variables and their effects on subjective well-being in women and men, employing data from the Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat). It was established that women are able to differentiate between their professional and personal lives, while men are not. Additionally, it was discovered that women are influenced by transportation within the scope of public services, while this variable is not statistically significant for men.

Keywords

Subjective Well-Being, Social Welfare, Gender, Life Satisfaction Research

TÜİK Verileri Işığında Cinsiyete Göre Öznel İyi Oluş

Abstract

Öznel iyi oluş, bireylerin yaşamlarından ne kadar memnun olduklarını ölçen bir kavramdır. Toplumda bireylerin kendilerini mutlu ve tatmin olmuş hissetmeleri toplumsal refahın bir göstergesidir. Bu bilgiler politika yapıcılar için bir rehber niteliğindedir. Dünyada yapılan mutluluk raporları gibi öznel iyi oluşu dikkate alan küresel sıralamalarda bir ülkenin dışarıdan nasıl algılandığını göstermesi açısındanda önemlidir. Cinsiyet, medeni durum, eğitim düzeyi, sosyal ilişkiler, sağlık düzeyi, güvenlik duygusu, bireysel özgürlükler, gelir düzeyi, iş sahibi olmak, kariyer sahibi olmak ve yaşanan çevrenin kalitesi gibi faktörler özel refahın belirleyicileri arasında sayılmaktadır. Öznel iyi oluş toplumlar arasında farklılık gösterdiği gibi aynı toplumda yaşayan cinsiyetler arasında da farklılık göstermektedir. Toplumsal Öznel iyi oluşu artırmayı önemseyen politika yapıcıların cinsiyetler arasındaki farklılaşmaları da anlamaları önemlidir. Cinsiyetlere atanan toplumsal roller onların hayat algılarını, yaşam terihlerini ve yaşama şekillerini biçimlendirmektedir. Bu yüzden öznel iyi oluş üzerine çalışmak isteyen araştırmacı ya da politika yapıcıların cinsiyetler üzerindeki etkisini de kavramaları önem arz eder. Bu çalışmanın amacı TUIK verileri ışığında nedensel ilişkilerde kullanılan yapısal eşitlik modellemesinden yararlanılmış, kadın ve erkeklerdeki öznel iyi oluşu etkileyen değişkenler ve etkileri elde edilmiştir. Kadınların çalışma ve özel hayatları arasında ayrım yapabilirken, erkeklerin bu ayrımı yapamadığı, kadınların kamu hizmetleri kapsamında ulaşımdan etkilenirken, erkeklerde bu değişkenin önemli olmadığı tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

Öznel iyi oluş, toplumsal refah, cinsiyet, yaşam memnuniyeti araştırması

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