Fındık Bahçesi Topraklarının Bitkiye Yarayışlı Fosfor Miktarlarının Belirlenmesinde Değişik Ekstraksiyon Yöntemlerinin Karşılaştırılması

Year 2017, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 340 - 352, 15.12.2017

Ceyhan Tarakçıoğlu İlker Yılmaz Sezen Kulaç

Abstract

Bu çalışmada fındık bahçesi topraklarının bitkiye yarayışlı fosfor (P) içeriklerinin
belirlenmesinde kullanılan 6 farklı yöntemin karşılaştırması yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla fındık
bahçesinden toplam 24 adet toprak ve Palaz ile Tombul çeşit fındık bitkisine ait yaprak
örneklemesi yapılmıştır. Alınan toprak örneklerinde bitkiye yarayışlı P içerikleri 6 farklı
ekstraksiyon yöntemleriyle belirlenerek yaprakların P içerikleri ve yöntemlerin birbiriyle olan
ilişkileri değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, fındık bitkisi yapraklarının P içerikleri bakımından genellikle
yeterli olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Fındık bahçesi topraklarının P içerikleri en düşük su ile
ekstraksiyondan elde edilmiş olup; bunu sırasıyla Mehlich-3 < Nelson < Bray&Kurtz No:1 <
Olsen < Kacar < Toplam P analiz yöntemleri izlemiştir. Toprakların Olsen yöntemiyle
ekstraksiyonu neticesinde örneklerin %25’inin, Bray&Kurtz No:1 yöntemine göre ise
%41.67’sinin az ve çok az miktarda P içerdiği saptanmıştır. Fındık bitkisi yapraklarının toplam
P içerikleri ile Olsen ve Bray&Kurtz No:1 yöntemleri arasında önemli ilişkiler belirlenmiştir. 

Keywords

Fındık, Toprak analizleri, Fosfor ekstraksiyonu, , yöntem

An Investigation for Suitability of Plant Available Phosphorus with Different Extraction in Hazelnut Orchard Soils

Abstract

In this study, six different methods were investigated to compare among methods in order to
determine of soil of hazelnut orchard its content of available phosphorus in plant. For this
purpose, representative soil samples were collected from 24 different hazelnut orchards and
also; leave samples which belong to hazelnut orchards were taken from both Palaz and Tombul
variety. In the soil samples, the contents of plant available P were determined by six different
extraction methods and correlations among leaf P contents and methods were investigated.
According to the results, it was determined that hazelnut leaves were generally sufficient in
terms of P content of leaves. The lowest P content of soils were obtained from distilled H2O
extraction and respectively others are; Mehlich-3 < Nelson < Bray&Kurtz No:1 < Olsen <
Kacar < Total P analysis methods. Available P contents of soil, 25.0% and 41.7% of soil
samples showed poor and low in levels by Olsen and Bray&Kurtz No:1 extraction methods,
respectively. Significant relationship between the P content of hazelnut leaves and method of
Olsen and Bray&Kurtz No:1 were determined. 

Keywords

Hazelnut, Soil analysis, Phosphorus extraction, Method

References

• 1. Abdu N (2006). Soil-phosphorus extraction methodologies: A review. African Journal of Agricultural Research 1 (5): 159-161
• 2. Alkoshab O, Righetti T L & Dixon AR (1988). Evaluation of DRIS for judging the nutritional status of hazelnuts. J.Amer.Soc.Hort.Sci.113(4):643-647
• 3. Anonim (1991). Türkiye toprakları verimlilik envanteri. Tarım Orman Köyişleri Bakanlığı Köy Hizm. Gen. Müd. Yayınları
• 4. Auxtero E A, Madeira M V, Monteiro F G & Horta M C (2013). Evaluation of different soil tests for phosphate extractability in major soils from Angola. Commun. Soil Science & Plant Analysis 44(9):1412-1434
• 5. Azeez J O, Inyang U U & Olubuse O C (2013). Determination of appropriate soil test extractant for available phosphorus in southwestern Nigerian soils. Commun. Soil Sci.& Plant Analysis 44(10):1540-1556
• 6. Aydın Ş, İrget M E& Karakurt R (2000). Bartın yöresi fındık bahçelerinin beslenme durumu. Anadolu Dergisi 10(2):139-157
• 7. Bellitürk K, Danışman F, Pakdil N B & Yılmaz F (2007). Trakya bölgesi topraklarının bitkiye yarayışlı fosfor durumunun belirlenmesinde değişik kimyasal ekstraksiyon yöntemlerinin karşılaştırılması. Trakya Uni. J. of Science 8(1): 41–47
• 8. Boczynski Z A O & Steere P L (2012).Evaluation of Mehlich 3 as a universal nutrient extractant for Australian sugarcane soils. Commun. Soil Science & Plant Analysis 43(4): 623-630
• 9. Bortolon L& Gianello C (2012). Multielement extraction from southern Brazilian Soils. Commun.Soil Sci.&Plant Analysis 43: 1615-1614
• 10. Bouyoucos G D (1951) A recalibration of the hydrometer method for making mechanical analysis of the soil. Agronomy Journal 43: 434-438
• 11. Carter M R (1993) Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis. Lewis Pub. Florida, USA
• 12. Chilimba A D C, Mughogho S K & Wendt J (1999). Mehlich-3 or modified Olsen for soil testing in Malawi. Commun.Soil Sci.&Plant Analysis 30(7-8): 1231-1250
• 13. Eyüpoğlu F (1999). Türkiye topraklarının verimlilik durumu. T.C. Başbakanlık K.H.G.M. Toprak ve Gübre Araş. Enst. Yayınları. Gen.Yay. No:220. Ankara
• 14. Ferreiro J P, Vázquez E V & De Abreu C A (2012). Phosphorus determination after Mehlich 3 extraction and anion exchange resin in an agricultural soil of Northwestern Spain. Commun. Soil Science & Plant Analysis 43(1-2):102–111
• 15. Gürbüz M A & Günay E (2013). Toprak analizinde “çok besinli ekstraksiyon yöntemlerinin” uygulanma olanakları. III. Ulusal Toprak ve Su Kaynakları Kongresi. 22-24 Ekim, Bildiriler, Tokat, s.130-134
• 16. Heidari S, Reyhanitabar A, Oustan S & Olad A (2016). A new method of preparing gel for DGT technique and application to the soil phosphorus availability test. Commun. Soil Science & Plant Analysis 47(10): 1239-1251
• 17. Horuz A (1996). Terme-Ünye fındık bahçesi topraklarının besin element durumu ve bunların toprak özellikleriyle olan ilişkileri. O.M.Ü. F.B.E. YL. Tezi. Samsun
• 18. Iatrou M, Papadooulos A, Papadooulos F, Dichala O, Psoma P & Bountla A (2014). Determination of soil available P using the Olsen and Mehlich 3 methods for Greek soils having variable amounts of calcium carbonate. Commun. Soil Sci.& Plant Analysis 45(16):2207–2214
• 19. Jones Jr J B, Wolf B & Mills H A (1991). Plant Analysis Handbook. Micro-Macro Pub. USA
• 20. Kacar B (1995). Toprak Analizleri. Ankara Üniv. Ziraat Fak.EAG Vakfı Yayın No: 3. Ankara
• 21. Kacar B & Katkat A V (1997). Tarımda Fosfor. Bursa Ticaret Borsası Yay. No:5. Bursa
• 22. Kacar B & İnal A (2008). Bitki Analizleri. Nobel Yayın No:1241, Ankara
• 23. Kacar B (2009). Toprak Analizleri. Nobel Yayın No:1387, Ankara
• 24. Kleinman P J, Shapley A N, Gartley K, Jarrell W M, Kuo S, Menon RG, Myers R, Reddy K R & Skogley E O (2001). Interlaboratory comparison of soil P extracted by various soil test methods. Commun.Soil Sci. &Plant Analysis 32(15-16): 2325-2345
• 25. Kopacek J, Borovec J, Hejzlar J& Porcal P (2001). Spectrophotometric determination of iron. aluminum and phosphorus in soil and sediment extracts after their nitric and perchloric acid digestion. Commun.Soil Sci.&Plant Analysis 2(9&10): 1431-1443
• 26. Korkmaz K & İbrikçi H (2010). Kireçli topraklarda fosfor dinamiğinin belirlenmesi. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 25(1):44-52
• 27. Mallarino A P (1995). Comparison of Mehlich-3, Olsen, and Bray-P1 procedures for phosphorus in calcareous soils. 25th North Central Extension-Industry Soil Fertility Conference. November 15-1 6. 1995. St. Louis. MO
• 28. Marschner H (1995). Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. 2 nd Ed. Acad.Press. New York
• 29. Matula J (2010). Differences in available P evaluated by soil tests in relation to detection by colorimetric and ICP-AES techniques.Plant Soil and Environment, 56(6):297-304
• 30. McDowell R W (2003). Identification of P species in extracts of soils contrasting management histories. Commun.Soil Sci.&Plant Analysis 34(7&8): 1083-1095
• 31. Neyroud JA&Lischer P (2003). Do different methods used to estimate soil P availability across Europe give comparable results? J. Plant Nutr.& Soil Sci. 166:422–431
• 32. Özkutlu F, Korkmaz K, Özenç N, Aygün A Şahin Ö, Kahraman M, Ete Ö, Akgün M& Taşkın B (2016). Ordu-Merkez ilçedeki bazı fındık bahçelerinin mineral beslenme durumunun belirlenmesi. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi 5(2):77-86
• 33. Painter J H & Hammer H E (1963). Effects of differential levels of K and B on Barcelona filbert trees in Oregon. Proc.Amer. Soc.Hort.Sci.82:225-230
• 34. Pasricha N S, Aulakh M S & Vempati R K (2002). Evaluation of available phosphorus soil test methods for peanut in neutral and alkaline soils. Commun.Soil Sci.&Plant Analysis 33(19-20): 3593-3601
• 35. Reijneveld A, Termorshuizen A, Vedder H & Oenema, O (2014). Strategy for innovation in soil tests illustrated for P tests. Commun.Soil Sci.&Plant Analysis 45(4): 498-515
• 36. Sarker A, Kashem MA, Osman KT, Hossain I & Ahmed F (2014). Evaluation of available phosphorus by soil test methods in an acidic soil incubated with different levels of lime and phosphorus. Journal of Soil Science 4: 103-108
• 37. Schroder J L, Zhang H, Richards J R& Payton M E (2009). Interlaboratory validation of the Mehlich-3 method and as a universal extraction for plant nutrients. JAOAC Int.JulAug:92(4):995-1008
• 38. Sisak W, Sardi K&Palkovics M (2002). Water-soluble P as affected by freshly applied and residual P and P fractions of soil. Commun. Soil Sci.&Plant An. 33(15-18):2813- 2823
• 39. Sonar K R & Palwe C R (2002). Calibration of soil test methods for available P in swell-shrink soils for wheat. Comm.Soil Sci.&Plant Analysis 33(15-18): 2825-2832
• 40. Stebbins R L (1969). The concept of plant analysis and how to take a leaf sample. Er.118
• 41. Takahashi S (2013). Soil P extracted by three anon exchange membranes compared to water-soluble and truog-extractable P. Comm. Soil Sci.&Plant Analysis, 44(22):3231- 3234
• 42. Tarakçıoğlu C, Yalçın SR, Bayrak A, Küçük M, & Karabacak H (2003). Ordu yöresinde yetiştirilen fındık bitkisinin beslenme durumunun toprak ve yaprak analizleriyle belirlenmesi. Ankara Ü. Ziraat F. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 9 (1): 13-22
• 43. Vucan R, Lipenite I & Livmanis J (2008). Comparison of methods for the determination of P in carbonatic soils. Latvian J.of Agronomy. No.11: 299-305
• 44. Watham L, Athokpam H S, Meitei WH, Chongtham N, Devi KN, Sıngh B, Sıngh NG & Janaki Singh NJ (2014). Evaluation of some soil test methods for available phosphorus and its critical limits for black gram in acid soils of imphal west district, manipur (India).The Ecoscan 8(3-4):199-202
• 45. Wuenscher R, Unterfrauner H, Peticzka R & Zehetner F (2015). A comparison of 14 soil phosphorus extraction methods applied to 50 agricultural soils from Central Europe. Plant Soil Environment 61(2):82-96
• 46. Yıldız N&Bilgin N (2008). Erzurum Ovası Topraklarının P ve K Durumunun Neubauer Fide Yöntemi ile Belirlenmesi. Atatürk Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Dergisi 39 (2). 159-165
• 47. Zbiral J& Nemec P (2002). Comparison of Mehlich 2, Mehlich 3, CAL, Egner, Olsen and 0.01 CaCl2 extractant for determination of phosphorus in soils. Commun.Soil Sci.&Plant Analysis 33(15-18): 3405-3417