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THE PLACE OF JERUSALEM IN THE MIGRATION EXPERIENCE OF THE JEWS

Year 2021, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 13 - 41, 30.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.31834/ortadoguvegoc.928781

Abstract

This article discusses the connection between Jerusalem and the immigration of Jews. Fort this very reason, the importance of migration to Jerusalem in Jewish tradition and the historical facts were evaluated together. The journeys of the Israelites, which is started with the order of God by Abraham, whose accepted as ancestor, continued under the leadership of Prophet Moses. The city, which remained hidden until King David conquered Jerusalem. It was completed with the construction of Solomon's temple and the holy lands and the Israelites came together. Thus, the formation process of a tribe became visible with the migrations to Jerusalem. However, this period did not last long and the Jews were exiled from the region. After that, the Jews lived with the hope that one day their broken relationship with God would be restored and that they would return there again. However, after the exile of the Jews from, the holy land, Jerusalem, there have been various minor migration movements to there. Even though these have some political meanings such as the re-establishment of the Jewish kingdom, each period has been understood in a religious dimension, that is, with the Messianic era, and there was no mass migration. It was stated that the migrations experienced in the 19th century were different from the others and the influence of aliyah was mentioned in the establishment of Israel.

References

  • Arslantaş, N. (2011) İslami Dönemde (638-1099) Filistin’e Yahudi Göçü ('Aliya: עלייה). Belleten, LXXV, (274), 641-689.
  • Bir Yükseliş Hikâyesi "Aliya". Şalom Gazetesi. http://arsiv.salom.com.tr/news/print/6299-Bir-yukselis-hikayesi-Aliya.aspx adresinden 01 Nisan 2021 tarihinde erişildi.
  • Bleich, J. D. (1979). Judea And Samaria: Settlement And Return. Tradition: A Journal of Orthodox Jewish Thought, 20, (3), 44-78.
  • Broshi, M. (1979). The Population of Western Palestine in the Roman-Byzantine Period. Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, 236, 1-10.
  • Cohon, S. S. (1925). Palestine in Jewish Theology. Hebrew Union College. 171-209.
  • Fayda, M. (1989). Hz. Ömer Zamanında Gayr-ı Müslimler. İstanbul: Marmara İlahiyat Fakültesi Yayınları.
  • Feyerabend, K. (ty.). A Complete Hebrew-English Pocket-Dictionary to the Old Testament. New York: The International News Company.
  • Gil, M. (1992). A History of Palestine 634-1099. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Ginzberg, L. (1909). Geonica. Volume I. New York: The Jewish Theological Seminary of America.
  • Glass, J. B. (2018). From New Zion To Old Zion: American Jewish Immigration and Settlement in Palestine, 1917-1939. Michigan: Wayne State University Press.
  • Güç, A. (2003). Çeşitli Dinlerde ve İslâm’da Kurban, İstanbul: Düşünce Yayınevi.
  • Hagopian, E. ve Zahlan, A. B. (1974). Palestine’s Arab Population: The Demography of The Palestinians. Journal of Palestine Studies, 3, (4), 32-73.
  • Halamish, A. (2018). Immigration is Israel’s History. So Far. Israel Studies, 23, (3), 106-113.
  • Hasanoğlu, E. (2015). Tanah’a Göre Kudüs’ün Kutsallaşma Süreci. Uludağ Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 24, 125.148.
  • Hassan, S. (2017). Jewish Migration from Arab Lands 1947-1949. Indian History Congress, 78, 886-892.
  • Hayland, R. G. (1997). Seeing Islam as Other Saw it. Princeton: The Darwin Press.
  • İsrail Dış İşleri Bakanlığı (1950). Law of Return 5710-1950. https://mfa.gov.il/mfa/mfa-archive/1950-1959/pages/law%20of%20return%205710-1950.aspx adresinden 3 Mart 2021 tarihinde erişildi.
  • Jewish Case: The Place of Palestine in the Solution of the Jewish Questions. (ty.). New York: American Palestine Committee and Christian Council on Palestine.
  • Louvish, M. ve Skolnik, F. (2007). “Aliyah”. Encyclopaedia Judaica. F. Skolnik (Ed.). Thomson Gale: Macmillan.
  • Meral, Y. (2011) İbn Meymun’a Göre Yahudilik’te İman Esasları. Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 52, (2), 243-266.
  • Midrash Rabbah. Genesis. (1961). (H. Freedman trans.), London: The Sancino Press.
  • Oppenheimer, F. (1914). Merchavia: A Jewish Co-Operative Settlement in Palestine. New York: The Jewish National Fund Bureau For America.
  • Pittsburgh Platformu (1885). Declaration of Principles. Madde 5. www.ccarnet.org/rabbinic-voice/platforms/article-declaration-principles/ adresinden 5 Mart 2021 tarihinde erişildi.
  • Ramban (Nachmanides). (1270). Hasagot HaRamban on Sefer HaMitzvot, Positive Commandments Omitted by Rambam, Mitzvah 4: 1. https://www.sefaria.org/Hasagot_HaRamban_on_Sefer_HaMitzvot%2C_Positive_Commandments_Omitted_by_Rambam.4.1?lang=en&with=Deuteronomy&lang2=en adresinden 3 Mart 2021 tarihinde erişildi.
  • Raphael, M. L. (1973). Rabbi Jacop Voorsanger of San Francisco on Jews and Judaism: The Implications of the Pittsburgh Platform. American Jewish Historical Quarterly, 63, (2), 185-203.
  • Schechter, S. (2007). A Dream of Zion: American Jews Reflect on Why Israel Matters to Them. J. K. Salkin (Ed.) Woodstock: Jewish Lights Publishing.
  • Scholch, A. (1992). Britain in Palestine, 1838-1882: The Roots of the Balfour Policy. Journal of Palestine Studies, 22, (1), 39-56.
  • Schwartz, J. (1981). Babylonian Commoners in Amoraic Palestine. Journal of the American Oriental Society, 101, (3), 317-322.
  • Sidur K. Y. (2006). Liliane Zerbib Kazes. İstanbul: Gözlem Yayınları.
  • Siegel, S. N. (2018). A new Exodus? Explaining Jewish Migration from Europe after the Cold War. Journal of Modern Jewish Studies, 17, (4), 416-433.
  • The Apocalypse of Abraham. (1919). (G. H. Box, Trans.). New York: Macmillan Company.
  • The Babylonian Talmud. (1935). (I. Epstein, Ed.), London: The Soncino Press.
  • The Jewish Virtual Library. Aliyah in Judaism. https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/aliyah adresinden 2 Şubat 2021 tarihinde erişildi.
  • The Jewish Virtual Library. Israel Studies An Anthology. https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/israel-studies-an-anthology-immigration-in-israel adresinden 31 Mayıs 2021 tarihinde erişildi.
  • The Mishnah. (1933). (H. Danby, trans.). New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Zakutinsky A. (2016). Is Aliyah a Mitzvah? https://www.ou.org/blog/is-aliyah-a-mitzvah/ adresinden 3 Mart 2021 tarihinde erişildi.

YAHUDİLERİN GÖÇ TECRÜBESİNDE KUDÜS'ÜN KONUMU

Year 2021, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 13 - 41, 30.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.31834/ortadoguvegoc.928781

Abstract

Bu makalede Yahudilerin yaşadığı göçlerle Kudüs’ün bağlantısı ele alınmaktadır. Bu amaçla Yahudi geleneğinde Kudüs’e göçün yeri ile tarihte yaşananlar bir arada değerlendirilerek konu incelenmiştir. İsrailoğulları’nın, ataları kabul ettiği İbrahim’in Tanrı’dan aldığı emirle başlayan yolculukları nebi Musa öncülüğünde Mısır’dan çıkışta Tanrı’nın kutsal topraklarda uyulacak kuralları belirlemesiyle devam etmiştir. Kral Davud’un Kudüs’ü fethine kadar gizli kalan şehir, Süleyman’ın mabedi inşasıyla tamamlanmış ve kutsal topraklar ile İsrailoğulları bir araya gelmiştir. Böylece bir kavmin oluşum süreci Kudüs’e yaşanan göçlerle görünür olmuştur. Lakin bu dönem pek uzun sürmemiş, Yahudiler bölgeden sürgün edilmişlerdir. Bundan sonra Yahudiler bir gün Tanrı ile bozulan ilişkilerinin düzeleceği ve buraya tekrar döneceklerinin umudu ile yaşamışlardır. Bununla beraber Yahudilerin buradan sürgün edilmelerinden sonra tarih boyunca kutsal toprak dedikleri Kudüs’e çeşitli göçleri olmuştur. Bunlar Yahudi Krallığı’nın tekrar kurulması gibi birtakım siyasi anlamlar içerse dahi her dönem dini boyutta yani Mesih dönemi ile birlikte anlaşılmış ve toplu bir göç gerçekleşmemiştir. 19. yüzyılda yaşanan göçlerin ise bu bakımdan diğerlerinden farklı olduğu belirtilmiş ve İsrail’in kuruluşunda aliyanın etkisinden söz edilmiştir.

References

  • Arslantaş, N. (2011) İslami Dönemde (638-1099) Filistin’e Yahudi Göçü ('Aliya: עלייה). Belleten, LXXV, (274), 641-689.
  • Bir Yükseliş Hikâyesi "Aliya". Şalom Gazetesi. http://arsiv.salom.com.tr/news/print/6299-Bir-yukselis-hikayesi-Aliya.aspx adresinden 01 Nisan 2021 tarihinde erişildi.
  • Bleich, J. D. (1979). Judea And Samaria: Settlement And Return. Tradition: A Journal of Orthodox Jewish Thought, 20, (3), 44-78.
  • Broshi, M. (1979). The Population of Western Palestine in the Roman-Byzantine Period. Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, 236, 1-10.
  • Cohon, S. S. (1925). Palestine in Jewish Theology. Hebrew Union College. 171-209.
  • Fayda, M. (1989). Hz. Ömer Zamanında Gayr-ı Müslimler. İstanbul: Marmara İlahiyat Fakültesi Yayınları.
  • Feyerabend, K. (ty.). A Complete Hebrew-English Pocket-Dictionary to the Old Testament. New York: The International News Company.
  • Gil, M. (1992). A History of Palestine 634-1099. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Ginzberg, L. (1909). Geonica. Volume I. New York: The Jewish Theological Seminary of America.
  • Glass, J. B. (2018). From New Zion To Old Zion: American Jewish Immigration and Settlement in Palestine, 1917-1939. Michigan: Wayne State University Press.
  • Güç, A. (2003). Çeşitli Dinlerde ve İslâm’da Kurban, İstanbul: Düşünce Yayınevi.
  • Hagopian, E. ve Zahlan, A. B. (1974). Palestine’s Arab Population: The Demography of The Palestinians. Journal of Palestine Studies, 3, (4), 32-73.
  • Halamish, A. (2018). Immigration is Israel’s History. So Far. Israel Studies, 23, (3), 106-113.
  • Hasanoğlu, E. (2015). Tanah’a Göre Kudüs’ün Kutsallaşma Süreci. Uludağ Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 24, 125.148.
  • Hassan, S. (2017). Jewish Migration from Arab Lands 1947-1949. Indian History Congress, 78, 886-892.
  • Hayland, R. G. (1997). Seeing Islam as Other Saw it. Princeton: The Darwin Press.
  • İsrail Dış İşleri Bakanlığı (1950). Law of Return 5710-1950. https://mfa.gov.il/mfa/mfa-archive/1950-1959/pages/law%20of%20return%205710-1950.aspx adresinden 3 Mart 2021 tarihinde erişildi.
  • Jewish Case: The Place of Palestine in the Solution of the Jewish Questions. (ty.). New York: American Palestine Committee and Christian Council on Palestine.
  • Louvish, M. ve Skolnik, F. (2007). “Aliyah”. Encyclopaedia Judaica. F. Skolnik (Ed.). Thomson Gale: Macmillan.
  • Meral, Y. (2011) İbn Meymun’a Göre Yahudilik’te İman Esasları. Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 52, (2), 243-266.
  • Midrash Rabbah. Genesis. (1961). (H. Freedman trans.), London: The Sancino Press.
  • Oppenheimer, F. (1914). Merchavia: A Jewish Co-Operative Settlement in Palestine. New York: The Jewish National Fund Bureau For America.
  • Pittsburgh Platformu (1885). Declaration of Principles. Madde 5. www.ccarnet.org/rabbinic-voice/platforms/article-declaration-principles/ adresinden 5 Mart 2021 tarihinde erişildi.
  • Ramban (Nachmanides). (1270). Hasagot HaRamban on Sefer HaMitzvot, Positive Commandments Omitted by Rambam, Mitzvah 4: 1. https://www.sefaria.org/Hasagot_HaRamban_on_Sefer_HaMitzvot%2C_Positive_Commandments_Omitted_by_Rambam.4.1?lang=en&with=Deuteronomy&lang2=en adresinden 3 Mart 2021 tarihinde erişildi.
  • Raphael, M. L. (1973). Rabbi Jacop Voorsanger of San Francisco on Jews and Judaism: The Implications of the Pittsburgh Platform. American Jewish Historical Quarterly, 63, (2), 185-203.
  • Schechter, S. (2007). A Dream of Zion: American Jews Reflect on Why Israel Matters to Them. J. K. Salkin (Ed.) Woodstock: Jewish Lights Publishing.
  • Scholch, A. (1992). Britain in Palestine, 1838-1882: The Roots of the Balfour Policy. Journal of Palestine Studies, 22, (1), 39-56.
  • Schwartz, J. (1981). Babylonian Commoners in Amoraic Palestine. Journal of the American Oriental Society, 101, (3), 317-322.
  • Sidur K. Y. (2006). Liliane Zerbib Kazes. İstanbul: Gözlem Yayınları.
  • Siegel, S. N. (2018). A new Exodus? Explaining Jewish Migration from Europe after the Cold War. Journal of Modern Jewish Studies, 17, (4), 416-433.
  • The Apocalypse of Abraham. (1919). (G. H. Box, Trans.). New York: Macmillan Company.
  • The Babylonian Talmud. (1935). (I. Epstein, Ed.), London: The Soncino Press.
  • The Jewish Virtual Library. Aliyah in Judaism. https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/aliyah adresinden 2 Şubat 2021 tarihinde erişildi.
  • The Jewish Virtual Library. Israel Studies An Anthology. https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/israel-studies-an-anthology-immigration-in-israel adresinden 31 Mayıs 2021 tarihinde erişildi.
  • The Mishnah. (1933). (H. Danby, trans.). New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Zakutinsky A. (2016). Is Aliyah a Mitzvah? https://www.ou.org/blog/is-aliyah-a-mitzvah/ adresinden 3 Mart 2021 tarihinde erişildi.
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Religious Studies
Journal Section ARAŞTIRMA MAKALELERİ
Authors

Rabia Mert 0000-0002-9214-9202

Publication Date June 30, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 11 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Mert, R. (2021). YAHUDİLERİN GÖÇ TECRÜBESİNDE KUDÜS’ÜN KONUMU. Ortadoğu Ve Göç, 11(1), 13-41. https://doi.org/10.31834/ortadoguvegoc.928781