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Japonya’nın Ortadoğu Politikası: Rolleri ve Normların Yeniden Düşünmek

Year 2011, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 9 - 32, 14.07.2016

Abstract

Bu makale Japonya’nın, 1970’lerin başından itibaren, siyasal güvenlik konusunda Ortadoğu politikası hakkındaki eğilimleri üzerinde durmaktadır. Söz konusu makale Japon politikasının Filistinlilere, Arap ve İslam ülkelerine karşı başlagınçta olumlu bir tutum sergilediğini, fakat ardından tarafsız, sonra da zaman içinde daha ABD yanlısı bir tutum sergilemeye başladığını gözlemlemektedir. Makaleye göre bu eğilim, ABD ile Batı karşısında daha fazla ağırlığı olan ve nispeten birbirine daha bağlı durumdaki Arap ve İslam devletleri döneminden, Arap birliğinin ile petrol silahının etkisinin zayıfladığı ve ABD hegemonyasına doğru uluslararası yapısal bir değişim ve güç kayması
yaşanmasıyla açıklanabilmektedir. Söz konusu çalışma aynı zamanda,
Japonya’nın Ortadoğu’ya yönelik temel politika aracının zaman içerisinde
silahsız durumundan silahlı bir yaklaşıma doğru kademeli bir
değişim geçirdiğine de işaret etmektedir. Makale, Japonya’nın Irak
savaşında görülen bariz ABD yanlısı askeri hareketlilik politikasının söz
konusu uluslararası değişimleri yansıtan başlıca örnek olduğunu ancak
bunun aynı zamanda başta anti-militarist bir norm aşınımı olmak üzere
Japonya’nın iç politik koşullarından da kaynaklandığını savunmaktadır.
Bununla birlikte, Irak savaşındaki Japon politikasının istisna bir durum
ve belli birtakım özel koşulların ürünü olarak anlaşılması gerektiğini de
ileri sürmektedir.

References

  • Carvely, S. C., Dual Dependence: Japanese policy toward the Middle East, 1973 to 1984, Ph.D. thesis, George Washington University, 1985.
  • Darby, D. and Hullock, H. B., Japan: a new kind of superpower?, (Baltimore, MD: John Hopkins University Press, 1994).
  • Dobson, H. J., Japan and United Nations Peacekeeping: Formulations in the post-Cold War world, Ph. D thesis, Sheff eld University, 1998.
  • Iwamoto, Y. and Edirippulige, S., ‘Japan’s response to the war against terrorism’, New Zealand International Review Vol. 27, No. 2, 2002, pp. 9-12.
  • Japan Defense Agency (JDA), Defense White Paper 2006 The Basics of Japan’s Defense Policy [http://www.jda.go.jp/e/index_.htm] Accessed on 11 September 2006.
  • Katakura, K., ‘Japan and the Middle East: towards a more positive role’ in P. Tempest, (ed.) The Politics of Middle East Oil, (The Royaumont Group, London: Graham & Trotman, 1993), pp. 10-17.
  • Katzenstein, P. J., ‘Same war, different views: Germany, Japan and the war on terrorism’, Current History, Vol. 101, No. 659, pp. 427-35.
  • Naramoto, E., ‘Japan aligned with the PLO’, Japan Quarterly, Vol. 37, No. 1, 1990, pp. 19-23.
  • Nishihara, M., ‘Japan-US cooperation in UN peace efforts’ in S. S. Harrison and M. Nishihara, (eds.) UN Peacekeeping: Japanese and American perspectives, (Washington D.C.: A Carnegie Endowment Book, 1995), pp. 163-75.
  • Ogata, S., ‘The United Nations and Japanese diplomacy’, Japan Review of International Affairs, Vol. 4, No. 2, 1990, pp. 141-65.
  • Okamoto, Y., Sabaku no Sensō: Iraku wo Kakenuketa Tomo, Oku Katsuhiko e (The War of Desert: to Oku, my friend, who was devoted to Iraq), (Tokyo: Bungei Shunjū, 2004). Yukiko Miyagi 32 Ortadoğu Etütleri July 2011, Volume 3, No 1
  • Orr, R. M., The Emergence of Japan’s Foreign Aid Power, (New York: Colombia University Press, 1990).
  • Rynhold, J. (2002) ‘Japan’s cautious new activism in the Middle East: a qualitative change or more of the same?’, International Relations of the Asia-Pacif c, Vol. 2, No. 2, 2002, pp. 245-63.
  • Tateyama, R., ‘Japan and the Middle East peace talks’, JIME Review No. 19, 1992/3, pp. 19-22.
  • Tateyama, R., ‘Japan, Iran and the United States: a delicate triangular relationship in the 1990s’, JIME Review, No. 22, 1993, pp. 27-38.
  • Yoshitsu, M., Caught in the Middle East, (Lexington, Massachusetts: Lexington Books, 1984).
  • Uchida, T., ‘Japan and the Arab World: an economic perspective’, American-Arab Affairs, No. 32, 1990, pp. 27-32.
  • Unger, D., ‘Japan and the Gulf War: making the world safe for Japan-US relations’ in Bennet, A., Lepgold, J., and Unger, S. (eds.), Friends in Need: Burden sharing in the Gulf War, (New York: St. Martins Press,1997), pp. 137-63

Japan’s Middle East Security Policy: Rethinking Roles and Norms

Year 2011, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 9 - 32, 14.07.2016

Abstract

This article looks at the trends in Japan’s Middle East policy on politico-security issues since the beginning of the 1970s. It observes that Japanese policy started with a stance sympathetic to the Palestinians and the Arab and Islamic states but shifted towards neutral and then towards more pro-US positions over time. It suggests this trend can be explained by international structural change and power shift, from a period of relatively cohesive Arab and Islamic states that had more weight vis-à-vis the US and the West towards one which saw a decline of Arab unity and the oil weapon, and a shift towards US hegemony. The paper also points out a gradual change in Japan’s main policy tool towards the Middle East, from non-military to military approaches over time. The paper argues that Japan’s clear pro-US military-activist policy seen in the Iraq war was a primary example of such changes, reflecting the afore-mentioned international changes, but also due to Japan’s domestic political conditions – an erosion of anti-militarist norm in particular; however, it also suggests that Japanese policy in the Iraq war should be understood as an exception, a product of certain special conditions

References

  • Carvely, S. C., Dual Dependence: Japanese policy toward the Middle East, 1973 to 1984, Ph.D. thesis, George Washington University, 1985.
  • Darby, D. and Hullock, H. B., Japan: a new kind of superpower?, (Baltimore, MD: John Hopkins University Press, 1994).
  • Dobson, H. J., Japan and United Nations Peacekeeping: Formulations in the post-Cold War world, Ph. D thesis, Sheff eld University, 1998.
  • Iwamoto, Y. and Edirippulige, S., ‘Japan’s response to the war against terrorism’, New Zealand International Review Vol. 27, No. 2, 2002, pp. 9-12.
  • Japan Defense Agency (JDA), Defense White Paper 2006 The Basics of Japan’s Defense Policy [http://www.jda.go.jp/e/index_.htm] Accessed on 11 September 2006.
  • Katakura, K., ‘Japan and the Middle East: towards a more positive role’ in P. Tempest, (ed.) The Politics of Middle East Oil, (The Royaumont Group, London: Graham & Trotman, 1993), pp. 10-17.
  • Katzenstein, P. J., ‘Same war, different views: Germany, Japan and the war on terrorism’, Current History, Vol. 101, No. 659, pp. 427-35.
  • Naramoto, E., ‘Japan aligned with the PLO’, Japan Quarterly, Vol. 37, No. 1, 1990, pp. 19-23.
  • Nishihara, M., ‘Japan-US cooperation in UN peace efforts’ in S. S. Harrison and M. Nishihara, (eds.) UN Peacekeeping: Japanese and American perspectives, (Washington D.C.: A Carnegie Endowment Book, 1995), pp. 163-75.
  • Ogata, S., ‘The United Nations and Japanese diplomacy’, Japan Review of International Affairs, Vol. 4, No. 2, 1990, pp. 141-65.
  • Okamoto, Y., Sabaku no Sensō: Iraku wo Kakenuketa Tomo, Oku Katsuhiko e (The War of Desert: to Oku, my friend, who was devoted to Iraq), (Tokyo: Bungei Shunjū, 2004). Yukiko Miyagi 32 Ortadoğu Etütleri July 2011, Volume 3, No 1
  • Orr, R. M., The Emergence of Japan’s Foreign Aid Power, (New York: Colombia University Press, 1990).
  • Rynhold, J. (2002) ‘Japan’s cautious new activism in the Middle East: a qualitative change or more of the same?’, International Relations of the Asia-Pacif c, Vol. 2, No. 2, 2002, pp. 245-63.
  • Tateyama, R., ‘Japan and the Middle East peace talks’, JIME Review No. 19, 1992/3, pp. 19-22.
  • Tateyama, R., ‘Japan, Iran and the United States: a delicate triangular relationship in the 1990s’, JIME Review, No. 22, 1993, pp. 27-38.
  • Yoshitsu, M., Caught in the Middle East, (Lexington, Massachusetts: Lexington Books, 1984).
  • Uchida, T., ‘Japan and the Arab World: an economic perspective’, American-Arab Affairs, No. 32, 1990, pp. 27-32.
  • Unger, D., ‘Japan and the Gulf War: making the world safe for Japan-US relations’ in Bennet, A., Lepgold, J., and Unger, S. (eds.), Friends in Need: Burden sharing in the Gulf War, (New York: St. Martins Press,1997), pp. 137-63
There are 18 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA34MU23CF
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Yukiko Miyagi This is me

Publication Date July 14, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2011 Volume: 3 Issue: 1

Cite

Chicago Miyagi, Yukiko. “Japonya’nın Ortadoğu Politikası: Rolleri Ve Normların Yeniden Düşünmek”. Ortadoğu Etütleri 3, no. 1 (July 2016): 9-32.

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