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“Arap Baharı” ve Türkiye-İran İlişkilerine Etkisi

Year 2013, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 145 - 164, 15.07.2013

Abstract

2000’li yılların ilk on yılında Türkiye-İran ilişkilerinde işbirliği öyle bir seviyeye
ulaştı ki, AKP döneminde Türk dış politikasının Batı ekseninden
kayıp kaymadığı dahi sorgulanır oldu. Son on yılda Türkiye-İran
ilişkilerindeki yakınlaşmaya rağmen, her iki ülke birbiri için bölgesel
rakip olmaya devam etmektedir. Türkiye ve İran arasında devam eden bölgesel rekabetin göstergelerinden bir tanesi, “Arap Baharı” olarak
tanımlanan devrimci halk ayaklanmalarına karşı iki ülkenin farklı bakış
açılarıdır. Bu makale şu sorulara yanıt bulmaya çalışmaktadır: Arap
sokaklarındaki gelişmelere karşı İran ve Türkiye algısının farklılıkları nelerdir?
Söz konusu iki ülke, bu gelişmeleri nasıl tanımlamaktadır? Arap
Baharına karşı Türkiye ve İran’ın farklı tutumlarının arkasındaki nedenler
nedir? İki ülkenin farklı tutumları ikili ilişkilerini nasıl etkilemektedir?
Bu makale, Türkiye ve İran arasındaki esas rekabetin, kendi yönetim
modellerini bölgede yeni kurulan rejimlere kabul ettirebilmek için
sürdürdükleri yumuşak güç üzerinden devam ettiğini savunmaktadır.

References

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  • - Tu” (ایران و ترکیه پس از بهار عربی” (Mahmoud Kiyan, Arsi (ارثی کیان محمود key and Iran After the Arab Spring) http://www.mardomak.net/ story/65005 شنبهپنج 2۴ شهریور 1390 (2011) (Accessed 29 September 2011).
  • “Assoc. Prof. Hassan-Khani: Iran and Turkey Can Adopt a Cooperative Competition,” in an interview with ORSAM Middle East Advisor Pınar Arıkan, ORSAM, ORSAM Guest, 19 December 2011, http:// www.orsam.org.tr/en/showOrsamGuest.aspx?ID=263 (Accessed 11 January 2012).
  • Bakeer, Ali Hussein “Turkish-Iranian Relations in the Shadow of the Arab Revolutions: A Vision of the Present and the Future”, The Journal of Turkish Weekly, 5 July 2011. http://www.rferl. org/content/iran_supreme_leader_makes_ambiguous_fatwa_on_ facebook/24360256.html (Accessed 20 October 2011).
  • Bakrı, Nada, “Iran Calls on Syria to Recognize Citizens’ Demands”, New York Times, August 21, 2011 http://www.nytimes. com/2011/08/28/world/middleeast/28syria.html?_r=1
  • “Başbakan Yardımcısı Atalay ‘Arap Baharını’ Anlattı,” Zaman, 7 July 2012.
  • “Cumhurbaşkanı Gül Chatham House’da Soruları Cevapladı”, http://www.tccb.gov.tr/haberler/170/77922/cumhurbaskaniGül-chatham-houseda-sorulari-cevapladi.html, 8 December 2010 (Accessed 11 January 2011) ترکیه ناتو؛ موشکی سامانه تا باشارون دیدار از “(Mochtabi, Daneshtalab (دانشطلب مجتبی به کجا خواهد رفت؟)“Where is Turkey going?) Raja News, http://www. rajanews.com/Detail.asp?id=102411, 29 شهریور 1390, September 2011 (Accesses 29 September 2011).
  • “Davutoğlu: Arap Baharı Bu Yeni Neslin, Olayı SahSahiplenmesinin Bölgesel Bir Sonucudur,” Zaman, 5 June 2012.
  • “Dozen Countries to Attend Iran Meeting on Syria as Turkey Warns Iran”, Al Arabiya News, 8 August 2012, http://english.alarabiya. net/articles/2012/08/08/231163.html (Accessed 5 September 2012)
  • “Egypt’s Muslim Brotherhood Criticizes Erdoğan’s Call for a Secular State”, Al Arabiya News, 14 September 2011. “Erdoğan Slams Russia, China, Iran over Syria in Key Party Congress”, Today’s Zaman, 30 September 2012. “Erdoğan: Yeni Osmanlıcılığı Kabul Etmeyiz,” Radikal, 20 March 2011
  • ترکیه اسالمگرایان خارجی سیاست) Foreign Policies of Turkey’s Isl - mists), اسالمی شورای مجلس مرکزپژوهشهای) The Report of the Research Commission of Iranian Parliament),شماره، 260:موضوعی کد ,1386ماه تیر،8403 مسلسل ,July 2007, Vol. 31 , http://rc.majlis. ir/fa/report/show/732450 (Accessed 31 May 2011)
  • - Co and Ally: Turkey and Iran” (ایران و تركیه؛ رفاقت و رقابت” ,محمود صدري petitor), 1389 بهمن 26(2010), http://www.donya-e-eqtesad.com/Default_view.asp?@=243656 (Accessed 3 June 2011)
  • “Iran calls Syrian protests a Western plot”, Reuters, April 12, 2011 http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/04/12/us-syria-iran-idUSTRE73B22V20110412
  • “Iran Foreign Ministry Urges Turkey, Syria to Show Restraint”, Press TV, 4 October 2012, http://www.presstv.ir/ detail/2012/10/04/264936/iran-urges-turkey-syria-to-show-restraint/ “Iran Warns Turkey to Butt out of Syria”, IR Diplomacy, 26 July 2012, http://irdiplomacy.ir/en/page/14882/Iran+Warns+Turkey+
  • to+Butt+Out+of+Syria.html (Accessed 25 August 2012). “Iranians> voice echoed in Muslim world”, Press TV, February 2011, http://www.presstv.ir/detail/163526.html
  • “Leader calls for <Islamic power bloc>”, Press TV, November 5, 2011, http://www.presstv.ir/detail/208487.html (Accessed 20 August 2012)
  • “Leader: Regional revolts anti-US in core”, Press TV, July 1, 2011 http://www.presstv.ir/detail/186935.html
  • There is no Iranian or Turkish Islam: Salehi”, Mehr News Agency, 15 March 2011
  • “ ترکیه و سیاستهای نئو عثمانی) “Turkey and Its Policies of Neo-Ottomanism), Iran Diplomacy, 27 October 2009 (Accessed in 17 November 2009). “Turkey Made a Strategic Mistake by Agreeing to Host the NATO Shield”, Mehr News, 10 September 2011 http://www.mehrnews. com/en/newsdetail.aspx?NewsID=1428696 (Accessed 11 September 2011).
  • “Turkey Turning to Iran, Russia to Tackle Syrian Crisis: Analysts”, Tehran Times, 24 October 2012.
  • and Iran between Cooperation Strategic” (استراتژی همکاری ایران و ترکیه” Turkey), اسالمی شورای مجلس مرکزپژوهشهای) The Report of the Research Commission of Iranian Parliament), مطالعات: دفتر، 1389 ماه بهمن10635 :مسلسل شماره 260 : موضوعی کد ،سیاسی) February 2010), pp. 60-61, http://rc.majlis.ir/ fa/report/show/785826 (Accessed 31 May 2011).
  • ,Erdoğan of Tour Propaganda The” (تور تبلیغاتی اردوغان علیه اسرائیل یا به نفع امریکا” Is It against Israel or for US Interests?), Raja News, http://rajanews. com/Detail.asp?id=101650 1390 شهریور 21 (September 2011) (Accessed 29 September 2011).
  • Turkey: Zibakalam” (زیباکالم : ترکیه نان شکست های ایران را می خورد که نوش جانش !” is Eating Iran’s Crumbs, Bon Appetit!), Khabar Online, http://www. khabaronline.ir/news-75524.aspx 1389 تیر 24 July 2010 (Accessed 2 June 2011).
  • Evans, Graham and Jeffrey Newnham, Dictionary of International Relations, (USA: The Penguin Books, 1998), p. 462. Jones, Dorian “Turkey and Iran: The End of the Affair”, Radio Free Europe, 19 October 2011,
  • http://www.rferl.org/content/turkey_iran_end_of_the_affair/24364900.html (Accessed 21 October 2011).
  • Karan, Ceyda, “Batı’nın Emperyal Perspektifinden Yeni Osmanlılık”, Radikal, 7 December 2009. (Accessed 7 December 2009). Kasaba, Reşat and Sibel Bozdoğan, “Turkey at a Crossroad”, Journal of International Affairs, Vol. 54, No. 1, Fall 2000.
  • Kirişçi, Kemal, “Between Europe and the Middle East: The Transformation of Turkish Policy,” Middle East Review of International Affairs, Vol. 8, No. 1, March 2004
  • Kohen, Sami, “Yeni Osmanlılık mı?,” Milliyet, 25 November 2009 (Accessed 25 November 2009);
  • Murinson, Alexander, “The Strategic Depth Doctrine of Turkish Foreign Policy”, Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 42, No. 6, November 2006
  • Oğuzlu, Tarık, “Middle Easternization of Turkey’s Foreign Policy: Does Turkey Dissociate from the West?” Turkish Studies, Vol. 9, No. 1, March 2008
  • Öniş, Ziya and Şuhnaz Yılmaz, “Between Europeanization and Euro-Asianism: Foreign Policy Activism in Turkey during the AKP Era”, Turkish Studies, Vol. 10, No. 1, March 2009
  • Robins, Philip, “Between the EU and the Middle East: Turkish Foreign Policy under the AKP Government, 2002-2007”, ISPI Working Papers, 2007.
  • Taşpınar, Ömer, “Neo-Ottomanism and Kemalist Foreign Policy”, Today’s Zaman, 22 September 2008.
  • Taşpınar, Ömer, “Turkey’s Middle East Policies: Between Neo-Ottomanism and Kemalism”, Carnegie Papers, Number 10, September 2008.
  • Uzun, Özüm S., “Turkish-Iranian Relations in the 2000s: Rapprochement or Beyond?” Unpublished PhD Dissertation (Ankara: Middle East Technical University), 8 March 2012.
  • Yavuz, M. Hakan, “Turkish Identity and Foreign Policy in Flux: The Rise of Neo-Ottomanism”, Middle East Critique, Spring 1998.
  • Zakaria, Fareed Interview with Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmedinejad, CNN, 23 October 2011 http://transcripts.cnn.com/ TRANSCRIPTS/1110/23/fzgps.01.html (Accessed 25 September 2012).
  • Yavuz, M. Hakan, “Turkish Id

The “Arab Spring” and Its Effect on Turkish-Iranian Relations

Year 2013, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 145 - 164, 15.07.2013

Abstract

Turkish-Iranian relations became more cooperative in the first decade of the 2000s to such a degree that, Turkish foreign policy under the AKP rule was questioned whether its Western orientation has shifted. Despite the Turkish-Iranian rapprochement in the last decade, they are still regional competitors. One of the hints of the ongoing regional competition between Turkey and Iran emerged with the difference in perception between them about the revolutionary wave of uprisings, known as the “Arab Spring.” This paper attempts to answer the following research questions: What are the differences in perception between Turkey and Iran about the recent developments in the Arab streets? How do they define these developments? What are the underlying reasons behind the different stance of Turkey and Iran towards the Arab Spring? And finally, how would their different stances affect the bilateral relations? This paper argues that the main competition between Turkey and Iran has been ongoing over exercising their soft power to attract newly emerging regimes to their models of governance

References

  • د“ایران و ترکیه پس از بهار عربی” (Mahmoud Kiyan, Arsi (ارثی کیان محمود (Turkish-Iranian Diplomacy in the Arab Spring), Khabarnet, 11 1390 مرداد) September 2011) http://www.khabarnet.info/index.php/ article/inter/86-international/16-51-14-11-05-1390-5287.html (Accessed 29 September 2011).
  • - Tu” (ایران و ترکیه پس از بهار عربی” (Mahmoud Kiyan, Arsi (ارثی کیان محمود key and Iran After the Arab Spring) http://www.mardomak.net/ story/65005 شنبهپنج 2۴ شهریور 1390 (2011) (Accessed 29 September 2011).
  • “Assoc. Prof. Hassan-Khani: Iran and Turkey Can Adopt a Cooperative Competition,” in an interview with ORSAM Middle East Advisor Pınar Arıkan, ORSAM, ORSAM Guest, 19 December 2011, http:// www.orsam.org.tr/en/showOrsamGuest.aspx?ID=263 (Accessed 11 January 2012).
  • Bakeer, Ali Hussein “Turkish-Iranian Relations in the Shadow of the Arab Revolutions: A Vision of the Present and the Future”, The Journal of Turkish Weekly, 5 July 2011. http://www.rferl. org/content/iran_supreme_leader_makes_ambiguous_fatwa_on_ facebook/24360256.html (Accessed 20 October 2011).
  • Bakrı, Nada, “Iran Calls on Syria to Recognize Citizens’ Demands”, New York Times, August 21, 2011 http://www.nytimes. com/2011/08/28/world/middleeast/28syria.html?_r=1
  • “Başbakan Yardımcısı Atalay ‘Arap Baharını’ Anlattı,” Zaman, 7 July 2012.
  • “Cumhurbaşkanı Gül Chatham House’da Soruları Cevapladı”, http://www.tccb.gov.tr/haberler/170/77922/cumhurbaskaniGül-chatham-houseda-sorulari-cevapladi.html, 8 December 2010 (Accessed 11 January 2011) ترکیه ناتو؛ موشکی سامانه تا باشارون دیدار از “(Mochtabi, Daneshtalab (دانشطلب مجتبی به کجا خواهد رفت؟)“Where is Turkey going?) Raja News, http://www. rajanews.com/Detail.asp?id=102411, 29 شهریور 1390, September 2011 (Accesses 29 September 2011).
  • “Davutoğlu: Arap Baharı Bu Yeni Neslin, Olayı SahSahiplenmesinin Bölgesel Bir Sonucudur,” Zaman, 5 June 2012.
  • “Dozen Countries to Attend Iran Meeting on Syria as Turkey Warns Iran”, Al Arabiya News, 8 August 2012, http://english.alarabiya. net/articles/2012/08/08/231163.html (Accessed 5 September 2012)
  • “Egypt’s Muslim Brotherhood Criticizes Erdoğan’s Call for a Secular State”, Al Arabiya News, 14 September 2011. “Erdoğan Slams Russia, China, Iran over Syria in Key Party Congress”, Today’s Zaman, 30 September 2012. “Erdoğan: Yeni Osmanlıcılığı Kabul Etmeyiz,” Radikal, 20 March 2011
  • ترکیه اسالمگرایان خارجی سیاست) Foreign Policies of Turkey’s Isl - mists), اسالمی شورای مجلس مرکزپژوهشهای) The Report of the Research Commission of Iranian Parliament),شماره، 260:موضوعی کد ,1386ماه تیر،8403 مسلسل ,July 2007, Vol. 31 , http://rc.majlis. ir/fa/report/show/732450 (Accessed 31 May 2011)
  • - Co and Ally: Turkey and Iran” (ایران و تركیه؛ رفاقت و رقابت” ,محمود صدري petitor), 1389 بهمن 26(2010), http://www.donya-e-eqtesad.com/Default_view.asp?@=243656 (Accessed 3 June 2011)
  • “Iran calls Syrian protests a Western plot”, Reuters, April 12, 2011 http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/04/12/us-syria-iran-idUSTRE73B22V20110412
  • “Iran Foreign Ministry Urges Turkey, Syria to Show Restraint”, Press TV, 4 October 2012, http://www.presstv.ir/ detail/2012/10/04/264936/iran-urges-turkey-syria-to-show-restraint/ “Iran Warns Turkey to Butt out of Syria”, IR Diplomacy, 26 July 2012, http://irdiplomacy.ir/en/page/14882/Iran+Warns+Turkey+
  • to+Butt+Out+of+Syria.html (Accessed 25 August 2012). “Iranians> voice echoed in Muslim world”, Press TV, February 2011, http://www.presstv.ir/detail/163526.html
  • “Leader calls for <Islamic power bloc>”, Press TV, November 5, 2011, http://www.presstv.ir/detail/208487.html (Accessed 20 August 2012)
  • “Leader: Regional revolts anti-US in core”, Press TV, July 1, 2011 http://www.presstv.ir/detail/186935.html
  • There is no Iranian or Turkish Islam: Salehi”, Mehr News Agency, 15 March 2011
  • “ ترکیه و سیاستهای نئو عثمانی) “Turkey and Its Policies of Neo-Ottomanism), Iran Diplomacy, 27 October 2009 (Accessed in 17 November 2009). “Turkey Made a Strategic Mistake by Agreeing to Host the NATO Shield”, Mehr News, 10 September 2011 http://www.mehrnews. com/en/newsdetail.aspx?NewsID=1428696 (Accessed 11 September 2011).
  • “Turkey Turning to Iran, Russia to Tackle Syrian Crisis: Analysts”, Tehran Times, 24 October 2012.
  • and Iran between Cooperation Strategic” (استراتژی همکاری ایران و ترکیه” Turkey), اسالمی شورای مجلس مرکزپژوهشهای) The Report of the Research Commission of Iranian Parliament), مطالعات: دفتر، 1389 ماه بهمن10635 :مسلسل شماره 260 : موضوعی کد ،سیاسی) February 2010), pp. 60-61, http://rc.majlis.ir/ fa/report/show/785826 (Accessed 31 May 2011).
  • ,Erdoğan of Tour Propaganda The” (تور تبلیغاتی اردوغان علیه اسرائیل یا به نفع امریکا” Is It against Israel or for US Interests?), Raja News, http://rajanews. com/Detail.asp?id=101650 1390 شهریور 21 (September 2011) (Accessed 29 September 2011).
  • Turkey: Zibakalam” (زیباکالم : ترکیه نان شکست های ایران را می خورد که نوش جانش !” is Eating Iran’s Crumbs, Bon Appetit!), Khabar Online, http://www. khabaronline.ir/news-75524.aspx 1389 تیر 24 July 2010 (Accessed 2 June 2011).
  • Evans, Graham and Jeffrey Newnham, Dictionary of International Relations, (USA: The Penguin Books, 1998), p. 462. Jones, Dorian “Turkey and Iran: The End of the Affair”, Radio Free Europe, 19 October 2011,
  • http://www.rferl.org/content/turkey_iran_end_of_the_affair/24364900.html (Accessed 21 October 2011).
  • Karan, Ceyda, “Batı’nın Emperyal Perspektifinden Yeni Osmanlılık”, Radikal, 7 December 2009. (Accessed 7 December 2009). Kasaba, Reşat and Sibel Bozdoğan, “Turkey at a Crossroad”, Journal of International Affairs, Vol. 54, No. 1, Fall 2000.
  • Kirişçi, Kemal, “Between Europe and the Middle East: The Transformation of Turkish Policy,” Middle East Review of International Affairs, Vol. 8, No. 1, March 2004
  • Kohen, Sami, “Yeni Osmanlılık mı?,” Milliyet, 25 November 2009 (Accessed 25 November 2009);
  • Murinson, Alexander, “The Strategic Depth Doctrine of Turkish Foreign Policy”, Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 42, No. 6, November 2006
  • Oğuzlu, Tarık, “Middle Easternization of Turkey’s Foreign Policy: Does Turkey Dissociate from the West?” Turkish Studies, Vol. 9, No. 1, March 2008
  • Öniş, Ziya and Şuhnaz Yılmaz, “Between Europeanization and Euro-Asianism: Foreign Policy Activism in Turkey during the AKP Era”, Turkish Studies, Vol. 10, No. 1, March 2009
  • Robins, Philip, “Between the EU and the Middle East: Turkish Foreign Policy under the AKP Government, 2002-2007”, ISPI Working Papers, 2007.
  • Taşpınar, Ömer, “Neo-Ottomanism and Kemalist Foreign Policy”, Today’s Zaman, 22 September 2008.
  • Taşpınar, Ömer, “Turkey’s Middle East Policies: Between Neo-Ottomanism and Kemalism”, Carnegie Papers, Number 10, September 2008.
  • Uzun, Özüm S., “Turkish-Iranian Relations in the 2000s: Rapprochement or Beyond?” Unpublished PhD Dissertation (Ankara: Middle East Technical University), 8 March 2012.
  • Yavuz, M. Hakan, “Turkish Identity and Foreign Policy in Flux: The Rise of Neo-Ottomanism”, Middle East Critique, Spring 1998.
  • Zakaria, Fareed Interview with Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmedinejad, CNN, 23 October 2011 http://transcripts.cnn.com/ TRANSCRIPTS/1110/23/fzgps.01.html (Accessed 25 September 2012).
  • Yavuz, M. Hakan, “Turkish Id
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Details

Other ID JA34RM74EZ
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Özüm S. Uzun This is me

Publication Date July 15, 2013
Published in Issue Year 2013 Volume: 4 Issue: 2

Cite

Chicago Uzun, Özüm S. “‘Arap Baharı’ Ve Türkiye-İran İlişkilerine Etkisi”. Ortadoğu Etütleri 4, no. 2 (July 2013): 145-64.

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