İran ve “Arap Baharı”: Bağlam, Söylem ve Siyaset

Year 2012, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 95 - 118, 15.07.2016

Gülriz Şen

Abstract

Bu makalenin amacı, Arap coğrafyası değişim rüzgârları ile sarsılırken, bölgenin en önemli güçlerinden İran’ın yaşanan bu değişim sürecini nasıl algıladığını ve gelişmeler karşısında nasıl bir siyaset izlediğini tahlil etmektir. Bu bağlamda çalışma özellikle İran’ın Mısır, Suriye ve Bahreyn’de meydana gelen değişimde izlediği söylem ve siyasete odaklanmıştır. İran bir yandan “Arap Baharı”nı bölgede kazandığı jeopolitik kazançları korumak ve arttırmak için yeni bir bağlam olarak değerlendirmekte ve özellikle ABD müttefiki ülkelerde meydana gelen değişimi bu ülkelerin İran İslam Devrimi’ni model aldığını iddia ederek desteklemektedir. Öte yandan, “Arap Baharı” İran için her zaman ideolojik ve siyasi kazanç vaat etmemektedir. Suriye’de dinmeyen çatışmalar Esad rejiminin varlığını tehdit ettiği kadar İran rejiminin bölgesel siyasetini ve nüfuzunu da derinden sarsacak gibi gözükmektedir. İran, Arap Baharı’nın taşıdığı özgürlük ve demokrasi taleplerinin, zor kullanarak bastırdığı Yeşil Hareket’i canlandırıp yeniden harekete geçirmesinden de kaygılıdır. Çalışma, İran’ın “Arap Baharı” algısı ve siyasetini belirleyen İran-ABD ilişkilerine de değinmiş, bölgede şekillenmekte olan siyasetin ilişkiler için yeni mücadele zeminleri yaratacağını ve bunun her iki tarafın da benimsediği sıfır-toplamlı oyun perspektifini güçlendireceğini tespit etmiştir

Keywords

İran, “Arap Baharı”, İran’ın Ortadoğu Siyaseti, İran-ABD İlişkileri, Yeşil Hareket

Iran and the “Arab Spring”: Context, Discourse and Politics

Abstract

This article aims to scrutinize how Iran perceives and reacts to the sweeping change brought by the “Arab Spring” to the regional political landscape. In this regard, the research has focused particularly on Iran’s discourse and policies vis-à-vis change in Egypt, Syria and Bahrain. Iran considers the “Arab Spring” as a new regional context within which it aspires to preserve and improve its hitherto gained geopolitical assets; it especially welcomes change in the regional allies of the United States deeming its Islamic Revolution to be a source of inspiration and emulation for these countries. Yet, the Arab Spring does not always denote ideological and geopolitical gains for Iran; the situation in Syria poses a grave threat to its regional policies and influence as much as it threatens the existence of the Assad regime. Iran is also concerned with a re-awakening of its brutally suppressed domestic opposition, the Green Movement by the region-wide demands for freedom and democracy. As the region goes through a re-configuration of power and societies, the “Arab Spring” opens up new arenas of political contestation for Iran-US relations which will seemingly be incorporated into their zero-sum game perspective of politics and strengthen it further

Keywords

Iran, the “Arab Spring”, Iran’s Middle East policy, Iran-US Relations, The Green Movement

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