BibTex RIS Cite

SÜREKLİLİK VE DEĞİŞİM BAĞLAMINDA HAMAS’IN SİYASAL STRATEJİSİ

Year 2018, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 62 - 78, 01.06.2018

Abstract

Islamic Resistance Movement- Hamas is a structure which wasfounded in the first days of I. Intifada that broke out at the endof 1987 and aimed to establish an Islamic political order in Palestine. The structure which had operated long years as the Palestinian branch of Muslim Brotherhood Organization needed toadopt a new identity because the Palestine question deepenedand the occupation widened. Hamas which focused on the fightuntil the occupation in the Palestinian soil ends has become oneof the dominant actors in the political life of Palestine throughthe social network it has. Especially the great success that Hamasshowed in general election in 2006 is a proof of effectiveness ofthe instruments which was used since its foundation for mobilizing the masses. The non-recognition of Hamas’ triumph andintensification of the blockade against Gaza have caused seriousdistress for the movement. However, Hamas which has succeeded to maintain its existence by resisting Israel’s attacks toward Gaza have actualized a substantial opening with the newdiscourses and methods which were declared in a new politicaldocument in May 2017. Hamas that prioritize ‘civil politics andresistance’ with its new roadmap has strengthened its positionin Palestinian territory via its newly introduced methods forshaping the future of Palestine and resistance against Israel. Inthis regard, the main purpose of this article is to analyze Hamas’political strategy by taking the founding charter and the 2017political document into consideration in the context of continuity and change

References

  • Abd’ul Halim, Mahmud. el-İhvan el-Muslimun: Ahdasun Sana’at’it Tarih- Ru’ye min’ed Dahil. C. 1. el-İskenderiyye: Dar’ud Da’ve, 1994.
  • Benna, Hasan el-. Hatıralarım. Çeviren Beşir Eryarsoy. İstanbul: Beka, 2007.
  • “CNN.com - Hamas’ past casts shadow over peace plans - Jan 26, 2006”. Erişim 22 Mayıs 2018. http://edition.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/meast/01/26/palestinian.election/.
  • Ebu Zayde, Hatim Yusuf. Cihad el-İhvan el-Muslimin fi Filistin hatta A’m 1970, 2009. www.ikhwanwiki.com.
  • “el-Beyan el-Evvel li Hareke el-Mukaveme el- İslamiyye- Hamas”, 14 Aralık 1987. http://www.ikhwanwiki.com/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8% D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84_ %D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85 %D9%82%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5 %D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9- _%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3.
  • “el-İntihabat et-Teşri’iyye es-Saniye 2006- et-Tevzi’ en-Nihai li Makaid el-Meclis etTeşri’i”. Lecnet el-İntihabat el-Merkeziyye Filistin, 2006. http://www.elections.ps/Portals/30/pdf/PLC2006- ResultsFinalDistributionOfPLCSeats_AR.pdf.
  • Erlanger, Steven. “Hamas Routs Ruling Faction, Casting Pall on Peace Process”. The New York Times, 27 Ocak 2006, blm. Middle East. https://www.nytimes.com/2006/01/27/world/middleeast/hamas-routsruling-faction-casting-pall-on-peace-process.html.
  • “Gazan Casualties: How Many and Who They Were”. Jerusalem Center For Public Affairs. Erişim 23 Mayıs 2018. http://jcpa.org/casualties-gaza-war/.
  • Halidi, İsmail Abd’ul Aziz el-. Sutun A’men fi Cemaat’il İhvan el-Muslimin. Gazze: Dar’ul Erkam, 2011.
  • Hamad, Cevad el-, ve İyad el-Barkusi. Dirase fi el-Fikri’s Siyasi Hareke el-Mukaveme elİslamiyye (Hamas): 1987-1196. Amman: Merkez Dirasat eş-Şark el-Avsat, 1996.
  • “Heniyye: Şa’buna len Yakbel el-İltifaf ala Metalib Mesireti’l Avde”, 09 Nisan 2018. https://hamas.ps/ar/post/8968.
  • Hroub, Khaled. “A ‘New Hamas’ through Its New Documents”. Journal of Palestine Studies 35, sy 4 (2006): 6-27. https://doi.org/10.1525/jps.2006.35.4.6.
  • ———. Hamas: A Beginner’s Guide. London: Pluto Press, 2006.
  • ———. “Hamas: Conflating National Liberation and Socio-Political Change”. Içinde Political Islam: Context VersusIdeology, editör Khaled Hroub, 161-81. London: Saqi Books, 2010.
  • Huseyin, İştiyak, ve Bilal eş-Şevbeki. “Hamas fi’l Hukm: Dirase fi el- İdiyuliciyye ve’s Siyase: 2006- 2012”. Dirase İlmiyye. Beyrut: Merkez ez-Zeytune li’d Dirasat ve’l İstişarat, ubat 2015. http://hamas.ps/ar/uploads/documents/9f0c912584efde17e530da85900a 004f.pdf.
  • Jensen, Michael Irving. The Political Ideology of Hamas: A Grassroots Perspective. 1 edition. London: I.B.Tauris, 2009.
  • Levitt, Matthew, ve Dennis Ross. Hamas: Politics, Charity, and Terrorism in the Service of Jihad. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2007.
  • “Misak Hareke el-Mukaveme el-İslamiyye (Hamas)”. Erişim 19 Mayıs 2018. http://www.aljazeera.net/home/Getpage/787157c4-0c60-402b-b997- 1784ea612f0c/0b4f24e4-7c14-4f50-a831-ea2b6e73217d.
  • Mishal, Shaul, ve Avraham Sela. The Palestinian Hamas: Vision, Violence, and Coexistence. New York: Columbia University Press, 2006.
  • “Nas Hitab Reis El-Mekteb es-Siyasi li Hareke Hamas İsmail Heniyye ala’l Karar elAmeriki bi Şe’ni’l Kuds”, 07 Aralık 2017. https://hamas.ps/ar/post/8269.
  • “Palestinian Factions End Split on Gaza”. BBC News, 12 Ekim 2017, blm. Middle East. http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-41591450.
  • Roy, Sara. Hamas and Civil Society in Gaza: Engaging the Islamist Social Sector. Revised ed. edition. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2013.
  • Sabbağ, Mahmud es-. Hakikati’t Tanzim el-Has ve Devruhu fi Da’vet’il İhvan elMuslimin. el-Kahire: Dar’ul İ’tisam, 1407.
  • Schanzer, Jonathan. Hamas vs. Fatah: The Struggle For Palestine. First Edition edition. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2008.
  • “Vesika el-Mebadi ve’s Siyasat el-Amme”, 01 Mayıs 2017. https://hamas.ps/ar/uploads/documents/599abf9aafa1b76837c1242eb229 e87b.pdf.

SÜREKLİLİK VE DEĞİŞİM BAĞLAMINDA HAMAS’IN SİYASAL STRATEJİSİ

Year 2018, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 62 - 78, 01.06.2018

Abstract

İslami Direniş Hareketi-Hamas, 1987 sonunda patlak veren I.İntifada’nın ilk günlerinde kurulmuş ve Filistin’de İslami siyasalbir düzen tesisini hedeflemiş bir yapıdır. Müslüman KardeşlerTeşkilatı’nın Filistin kolu olarak uzun yıllar faaliyet gösterenyapı, Filistin meselesinin derinleşmesi ve işgalin genişlemesi nedeniyle yeni bir kimliğe bürünme ihtiyacı hissetmiştir. Filistintopraklarında işgal sona erene dek mücadeleyi merkeze alanHamas, sahip olduğu yaygın toplumsal ağlar aracılığıyla Filistinsiyasal hayatının başat aktörlerinden bir haline gelmiştir. Özellikle 2006 yılında yapılan Filistin Yasama Meclisi seçimlerindeHamas’ın gösterdiği büyük başarı, kuruluşundan itibaren kullandığı kitle mobilizasyon araçlarının ne kadar etkin olduğununkanıtıdır. Seçimlerin ardından Hamas’ın zaferinin tanınmamasıve Gazze’ye yönelik ablukanın şiddetini artırması, hareketin oldukça ciddi sıkıntılarla karşılaşmasına yol açtı. Bununla birlikteİsrail’in Gazze saldırılarına direnç göstererek varlığını devam ettirmeyi başaran Hamas, 2017 Mayıs’ında ilan ettiği yeni siyasetbelgesindeki yeni yöntem ve söylemlerle önemli bir açılım gerçekleştirmiştir. Yeni yol haritasıyla sivil siyaseti ve direnişi önceleyen Hamas, Filistin’in geleceğini şekillendirme ve İsrail’ekarşı ortaya koyduğu yeni direniş yöntemleriyle Filistin sathındabüyük mevzi kazanmıştır. Bu bağlamda, makalenin temel amacıkuruluş tüzüğü ve 2017 siyaset belgesini dikkate alarak Hamas’ın siyasal stratejisini süreklilik ve değişim bağlamında analizetmektir

References

  • Abd’ul Halim, Mahmud. el-İhvan el-Muslimun: Ahdasun Sana’at’it Tarih- Ru’ye min’ed Dahil. C. 1. el-İskenderiyye: Dar’ud Da’ve, 1994.
  • Benna, Hasan el-. Hatıralarım. Çeviren Beşir Eryarsoy. İstanbul: Beka, 2007.
  • “CNN.com - Hamas’ past casts shadow over peace plans - Jan 26, 2006”. Erişim 22 Mayıs 2018. http://edition.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/meast/01/26/palestinian.election/.
  • Ebu Zayde, Hatim Yusuf. Cihad el-İhvan el-Muslimin fi Filistin hatta A’m 1970, 2009. www.ikhwanwiki.com.
  • “el-Beyan el-Evvel li Hareke el-Mukaveme el- İslamiyye- Hamas”, 14 Aralık 1987. http://www.ikhwanwiki.com/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8% D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84_ %D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85 %D9%82%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5 %D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9- _%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3.
  • “el-İntihabat et-Teşri’iyye es-Saniye 2006- et-Tevzi’ en-Nihai li Makaid el-Meclis etTeşri’i”. Lecnet el-İntihabat el-Merkeziyye Filistin, 2006. http://www.elections.ps/Portals/30/pdf/PLC2006- ResultsFinalDistributionOfPLCSeats_AR.pdf.
  • Erlanger, Steven. “Hamas Routs Ruling Faction, Casting Pall on Peace Process”. The New York Times, 27 Ocak 2006, blm. Middle East. https://www.nytimes.com/2006/01/27/world/middleeast/hamas-routsruling-faction-casting-pall-on-peace-process.html.
  • “Gazan Casualties: How Many and Who They Were”. Jerusalem Center For Public Affairs. Erişim 23 Mayıs 2018. http://jcpa.org/casualties-gaza-war/.
  • Halidi, İsmail Abd’ul Aziz el-. Sutun A’men fi Cemaat’il İhvan el-Muslimin. Gazze: Dar’ul Erkam, 2011.
  • Hamad, Cevad el-, ve İyad el-Barkusi. Dirase fi el-Fikri’s Siyasi Hareke el-Mukaveme elİslamiyye (Hamas): 1987-1196. Amman: Merkez Dirasat eş-Şark el-Avsat, 1996.
  • “Heniyye: Şa’buna len Yakbel el-İltifaf ala Metalib Mesireti’l Avde”, 09 Nisan 2018. https://hamas.ps/ar/post/8968.
  • Hroub, Khaled. “A ‘New Hamas’ through Its New Documents”. Journal of Palestine Studies 35, sy 4 (2006): 6-27. https://doi.org/10.1525/jps.2006.35.4.6.
  • ———. Hamas: A Beginner’s Guide. London: Pluto Press, 2006.
  • ———. “Hamas: Conflating National Liberation and Socio-Political Change”. Içinde Political Islam: Context VersusIdeology, editör Khaled Hroub, 161-81. London: Saqi Books, 2010.
  • Huseyin, İştiyak, ve Bilal eş-Şevbeki. “Hamas fi’l Hukm: Dirase fi el- İdiyuliciyye ve’s Siyase: 2006- 2012”. Dirase İlmiyye. Beyrut: Merkez ez-Zeytune li’d Dirasat ve’l İstişarat, ubat 2015. http://hamas.ps/ar/uploads/documents/9f0c912584efde17e530da85900a 004f.pdf.
  • Jensen, Michael Irving. The Political Ideology of Hamas: A Grassroots Perspective. 1 edition. London: I.B.Tauris, 2009.
  • Levitt, Matthew, ve Dennis Ross. Hamas: Politics, Charity, and Terrorism in the Service of Jihad. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2007.
  • “Misak Hareke el-Mukaveme el-İslamiyye (Hamas)”. Erişim 19 Mayıs 2018. http://www.aljazeera.net/home/Getpage/787157c4-0c60-402b-b997- 1784ea612f0c/0b4f24e4-7c14-4f50-a831-ea2b6e73217d.
  • Mishal, Shaul, ve Avraham Sela. The Palestinian Hamas: Vision, Violence, and Coexistence. New York: Columbia University Press, 2006.
  • “Nas Hitab Reis El-Mekteb es-Siyasi li Hareke Hamas İsmail Heniyye ala’l Karar elAmeriki bi Şe’ni’l Kuds”, 07 Aralık 2017. https://hamas.ps/ar/post/8269.
  • “Palestinian Factions End Split on Gaza”. BBC News, 12 Ekim 2017, blm. Middle East. http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-41591450.
  • Roy, Sara. Hamas and Civil Society in Gaza: Engaging the Islamist Social Sector. Revised ed. edition. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2013.
  • Sabbağ, Mahmud es-. Hakikati’t Tanzim el-Has ve Devruhu fi Da’vet’il İhvan elMuslimin. el-Kahire: Dar’ul İ’tisam, 1407.
  • Schanzer, Jonathan. Hamas vs. Fatah: The Struggle For Palestine. First Edition edition. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2008.
  • “Vesika el-Mebadi ve’s Siyasat el-Amme”, 01 Mayıs 2017. https://hamas.ps/ar/uploads/documents/599abf9aafa1b76837c1242eb229 e87b.pdf.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Muhammed Hüseyin Mercan This is me

Publication Date June 1, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 10 Issue: 1

Cite

Chicago Mercan, Muhammed Hüseyin. “SÜREKLİLİK VE DEĞİŞİM BAĞLAMINDA HAMAS’IN SİYASAL STRATEJİSİ”. Ortadoğu Etütleri 10, no. 1 (June 2018): 62-78.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

LOCKSS system is used as an archiving system for the preservation and restoration of data in this journal.