A Case Study on Statistical Analysis of Geomagnetic Storm 3-5 August 2010

Abstract

The solar flare that occurred on August 1, 2010, was a powerful event that led to the interaction of two coronal mass ejections (CMEs), resulting in a significant CME-CME eruption. This eruption struck Earth on August 3, causing a major geomagnetic storm that had widespread impacts on Earth’s magnetic environment. Detecting geomagnetic storms is essential for safeguarding space missions, satellite operations, and communications systems. Failure to accurately predict these storms can disrupt critical infrastructure. The CME-CME interaction in August 2010 differs from ordinary CMEs in terms of particle velocity and density, which were observed to reach unprecedented levels during this event.In this study, a statistical model using the multiple linear regression method was developed to examine the effects of CME-CME interaction on Earth’s magnetic field by utilizing charac teristics such as particle velocity (𝑣) and density (𝑁𝑝). The study evaluated the effects of solar parameters during G3 and G2-level geomagnetic storms. It was found that particle density significantly increases the intensity and duration of geomagnetic storms, whereas particle velocity notably reduces these effects, exhibiting an opposing influence.

Keywords

• Geomagnetic storm
• coronal mass ejection
• CME-CME interaction
• regression
• statistical analysis
• space weather

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