Türkiye'de Cinsiyet Rolü Tutumları ve Mutluluk: Aile Yapısı Araştırması Mikro Veri Kümesinden Elde Edilen Bulgular

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 18 - 30, 15.06.2023

Esra Karapınar Kocağ

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, toplumda cinsiyet rolü tutumlarının egemen olduğu Türkiye örnek ülke olarak incelenerek bu tutumların Türk insanının bireysel mutluluğu üzerinde herhangi bir etkisinin olup olmadığı incelenmiştir. Cinsiyet rolü tutumlarını ölçmek için TÜİK'ten alınan Aile Yapısı Araştırması Mikro Veri Seti 2021'den üç özel soru kullanıldı. “Çocuk annenin çalışma hayatını olumsuz etkiler”, “Sağlıklı bir aile hayatı için kadının düzenli bir işi olması gerekir” ve “Erkeklerin asli görevi evin geçimini sağlamaktır” ifadelerine katılıp katılmadıklarına ilişkin bu sorular Türkiye'de bireysel genel mutluluğu etkileyebileceği beklenmektedir.
Bulgular, “çocuk annenin iş hayatını olumsuz etkiler” şeklinde düşünmenin, “sağlıklı bir aile hayatı için kadının düzenli bir işi olması gerektiğini kabul etmenin” mutlu olma olasılığını azalttığını göstermektedir. Ancak “erkeğin asli görevi evin geçimini sağlamak” şeklinde düşünen toplumsal cinsiyet rolü tutumlarının üçüncü ölçüsü, mutlu olma olasılığını artırmaktadır. Bu bulgular, ülkenin mevcut işgücü piyasası ve uluslararası sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedefleri beklentileriyle çelişen geleneksel cinsiyet rolü tutumlarına sahip olmaya yönelik özelliklerinin bireysel mutluluğu önemli ölçüde etkilediğini doğrulamaktadır.

Keywords

mutluluk, cinsiyet rolü tutumları, bireysel düzey verileri, TÜİK

Gender Role Attitudes and Happiness in Turkey: Evidence from Family Structure Survey Micro Data Set

Abstract

In this study, Turkey where gender role attitudes prevail in the society was examined as case country to understand if these attitudes have any impact on individual happiness of Turkish people. To measure gender role attitudes, three particular questions from Family Structure Survey Micro Data Set 2021 that was obtained from TurkStat were used. These questions that are about whether respondents agree “The child negatively affects the mother's work life”, “For a healthy family life, a woman should have a regular job”, and “The man's primary duty is to provide for the household” are expected to influence individual overall happiness in Turkey.
Findings show that thinking in a way of “the child negatively affects the mother's work life”, and “agreeing a woman should have a regular job for a healthy family life” decreases the probability of being happy. However, the third measure of gender role attitudes that is thinking in a way that “the man's primary duty is to provide for the household” increases the probability of being happy. These findings confirms that country’s characteristics towards having a traditional gender role attitudes that contradict the current labour market and international sustainable development goals expectations significantly affect individual happiness.

Keywords

happiness, gender role attitudes, individual level data, TurkStat

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