Political Economy of Transition From Centralized Planning to Market Economy: Alternative Models

Abstract

The concept of “transition economies”, which is used to denote those countries that experience a transition from socialist systems based on central planning to capitalist systems based on free market, carries more meanings than a simple transformation of economic systems. This change has an integrated content that involves the transformation of all units determining not only economic but also political, cultural and social life. This characteristic of the transition process fits to the tradition of political economy that brings political institutions, social consciousness and ideas together under the economic umbrella, and thus the process can be analyzed from this perspective. Within the framework of political economy, thus, different transition models emerge based on the main principles aimed at explaining the transition process, and these models indicate that the process can be analyzed through alternative models other than the neoclassical paradigm. The aim of the study is to present alternative models aimed at explaining the transition process along with the above-mentioned elements and to compare these models.

Keywords

• Transition Economies; Political Economy of Transition Economies; Alternative Transition Models

Merkezi Planlamadan Piyasa Ekonomisine Geçişin Politik Ekonomisi ve Alternatif Modeller

Abstract

Merkezi planlamaya dayalı sosyalist sistemden serbest piyasaya dayalı kapitalist sisteme geçen ülkeleri tanımlamak için kullanılan “geçiş ekonomileri” kavramı, basit bir ekonomik sistem dönüşümünü ifade etmenin ötesinde bir anlam taşımaktadır. Bu değişim, ekonomik olduğu kadar, politik, siyasi, kültürel ve sosyal yaşamı belirleyen tüm unsurların değişimini de içeren bütünsel bir içeriğe sahiptir. Geçiş sürecinin bu özelliği, politik kurumlar, toplumsal bilinç ve fikirleri ekonomik çatı altında birleştiren politik ekonomi geleneğine uygun düşmekte ve süreç bu perspektiften analiz edilebilmektedir. Böylece politik ekonomi çerçevesinde geçiş sürecini açıklamaya dönük temel öğeler ekseninde farklı geçiş modelleri ortaya çıkmakta ve bu modeller sürecin neoklasik paradigmanın dışında alternatif modellerle de analiz edilebileceğini göstermektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, sözkonusu öğelerle birlikte geçiş sürecini açıklamaya dönük alternatif modelleri ortaya koymak ve bu modellerin bir karşılaştırmasını yapmaktır.

Keywords

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