THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL DETERMINANTS ON THE HEALTH PERCEPTIONS OF ROMANI WOMEN IN TURKEY: A QUALITATIVE STUDY

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: In terms of the social determinants of health the Romani population are more disadvantaged position than other groups . Methodology:This qualitative study data were collected in focus group discussions. The study sample consisted of 21 Romani women willing to participate in the research. Results:The study shed light on the experiences and viewpoints of Romani women, leading to conclusions that pointed to the ways in which they were impacted by inequalities in the context of the social determinants of health such as economic insufficiency, unemployment, low level of education or being deprived of education altogether, poor living conditions, inadequate social support, gender inequality and social exclusion.Discussion: Romani women that the social determinants of health are at insufficient levels and continue to become progressively problematic, subjecting the Romani community to live in a constantly regenerating vicious circle of distress that is carried over from one generation to the next.

Keywords

• romani women
• perceptions social determinants
• of health qualitative research
• nurses

References

1. Adler, N.E., & Stewart, J. (2010). Preface to the biology of disadvantaged socioeconomic status and health. Annals of the New york Academy of Sciences, 1186,1-4. doi: 10.1111 / j.1749-6632.2009.05385.x Akkan, B.E., Deniz, M.B., & Ertan, M. (2011). Roman states of social exclusion Solutions (pp 49-147). Istanbul: Punto Press ISBN: 987-605-87360-0-9
2. Alp, S., & Tastan, N. (2011). Monitoring reports of discrimination for racial and ethnic origin in Turkey. Istanbul: Bilgi University Human Rights Application and Research Center. http://tjph.org/ojs/index.php
3. Andermann, A. (2016). Taking action on the social determinants of health in clinical practice: a framework for health professionals. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 188(17-18),474-483.
4. Aytac, O. & Kurtdas, Ç.M. (2015). Sağlık- hastalığın toplumsal kökenleri ve sağlık sosyolojisi Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 25(1), 231-250.
5. Balkiz, O.I., & Goktepe, T. (2014.) Romanlar ve sosyo-ekonomik yaşam koşulları: Aydın ili örneğinde bir alan çalışması , Sosyoloji Dergisi, 30(1) ,1-39 Bandura, A. (1999). A social cognitive theory: An agentic perspective. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 2, 21-41.
6. Bingol, Y., & Buyukakin, T. (2011). Kocaeli romanaları üzerine sosyo-ekonomik bir inceleme Paradoks Ekonomi, Sosyoloj ve Politika Dergisi, 7(1), 5-23.
7. Braveman, P., & Gottlieb, L. (2014). The social determinants of health: Its time to consider the causes of causes. Public Health Reports,129(2),19-31. doi: 10.1177/00333549141291S206.
8. Cetin, B.I (2017). Gypsies with their identities: evaluation of the social inclusion national strategy paper and first stage action plan for gypsy citizens in Turkey. Journal of Management and Economics Research, 15(1), 85-112. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.11611/yead.278435

9. Cook, B., Wayne, G.F., Valentine, A., Lessios, A., & Yeh E. (2013). Revisiting the evidence on health and health care disparities among the Roma: a systematic review 2003–2012. International Journal of Public Health, 58(6), 885-911. doi: 10.1007/s00038-013-0518-6. Epub 2013 Oct 5
10. Cubukcu, U.S. (2011). ‘’Mekanın izdüşümünde toplumsal cinsiyet: Sulukule mahallesi ve romanlar. İstanbul Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi ,44, 83-106.
11. Diamond, J. J., Becker, J. A., Arenson, C. A., Chambers, C. V., & Rosenthal, M. P. (2007). Development of a scale to measure adults' perceptions of health: preliminary findings. Journal of Community Psychology, 35(5), 557-561. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.20164
12. Eskiocak, M., & Akbasak. D. (2017). Roma health in Edirne: Social determinants of health and health status, Turkish Journal of Public Health, 15(2). 136-147. https://doi.org/10.20518/tjph.341169
13. Gokce, D. (2019). Cinsiyet etnik köken ve sınıf kesişiminde roman kadınlarının kamusal alana katılım sorunsalı. Social Sciences Studies Journal. 3(30),879-891. http://dx.doi.org/10.26449/sssj.1296
14. Guney, S., & Ulus, B. (2018). Sağlıkta eşitsizlikleri azaltmada halk sağlığı hemşiresinin nitelikleri roller ve sorumlulukları. Sağlık ve Toplum, 28 (2),17-22. Hatipler, M. (2019). Boyut ve etkenleriyle sosyal dışlanmanın yoksullukla karşılaştırmalı ilişkisi Bilgi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 21 (1), 39-77. Ilhan, S. & Firat, M. 2017.Bir inşa süreci olarak çingenelik: Kuramsal bir çözümleme. Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 27(2),265-276. https://doi.org/10.18069/firatsbed.346534
15. Karan, U. (2017). Ignored and Unequal: Roma Access to the Right to Housing and Education in Turkey. 1-40, Minority rights Group International (MRG), https://minorityrights.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/MRG_Rep_ENG.pdf.
16. Kolukirik, S. (2006). The Turkish gypsies in terms of sociological perspective: a study on gypsies in Izmir. Journal of Human Sciences, 3(1), 2-24. DOI: 10.1080/00263200701422675
17. Koyun, A., & Cicekoglu, P. (2011). Karanlıkta kaybolan umutlar. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi,14(1), 59-65. Kumbetoglu, B. (2005). Qualitative methods and research in anthropology and sociology. Istanbul: (pp. 99). Baglam Press.
18. Marmot, M., & Bell, R. (2012). Fair society, healthy lives. Public health, 126(1), 1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2012.05.014. Epub 2012 Jul 10. Parekh, N., & Rose, T. (2011). Health inequalities of the Roma in Europe: a literature review, Cent Eur J Public Health, 19(3),139-142. doi: 10.21101/cejph.a3661.
19. Ravnbol, C.I. (2010). The human rights of minority women: romani women's rights from a perspective on İnternational human rights law and politics. International Journal on Minority and Group Rights, 17(1), 1-45. doi: 10.1163 / 157181110X12595859744123
20. Rosicova, K., Geckova, A.M., Van Dijk, J.P., Rosic, M., Zezula, I., & Groothoff, J.W. (2009). Socioeconomic indicators and ethnicity as determinants of regional mortality rates in Slovakia, International Journal of Public Health, 54 (4), 274-82. doi: 10.1007 / s00038-009-7108-7.
21. Streubert, H. J., & Carpenter, D. R. (1999). Qualitative research in nursing: advancing the humanistic imperative. 2nd ed. (pp.44). Philadelphia-New York-Baltimore: Lippincott
22. Tor, H. (2017). Roman çocukların okul başarısızlığına ilişkin öğretmen görüşleri Eğitim ve Öğretim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 6(3), 91-98.
23. World Health Organization (2020, March). Social Determinants of Health. Key Concepts. Comission on Social Determinants of Health. Final Report. 2005-2008. Chapter1-2, p. 26-34 https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/43943/9789241563703_eng.pdf;jsessionid=357768CA0474528626288DC05F6C5BB8?sequence=1