Seroprevalence of patients presenting with a pre-diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii, Türkiye

Abstract

Purpose: Toxoplasma gondii is a unicellular protozoan parasite. With this study, the aim was to evaluate the T. gondii test results that came to the General Directorate of Public Health, National Parasitology Reference Laboratory between January 2019 and December 2020. Materials and methods: The seroprevalence were studied with the Sabin-Feldman Dye Test which is gold standard, Anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM and T. gondii IgG avidity with ELISA were evaluated in 1160 patient. The distribution of cases according to gender and age groups was also evaluated statistically. Results: In this study, SFDT was performed on 589 patients from 1160 patients with suspected Toxoplasmosis samples and Anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM tests were studied by ELISA in 478 patients. IgG avidity test by ELISA was performed on 93 cases with positive Anti-T. gondii IgG. In addition to these, cases in which Anti-T. gondii IgM and IgG were studied together and were positive were also evaluated. The number of samples both positive together was 17 (3.6%). According to Anti-T. gondii IgG/IgM results, no significant relationship was found between toxoplasmosis and gender. Moreover, of 93 cases with positive Anti-T. gondii IgG values, 71% had high avidity, 16% had cutoff value and 13% had low avidity. Conclusion: Further studies and surveillance studies should be performed to determine the epidemiology and current prevalence of toxoplasmosis.

Keywords

• Avidity
• ELISA
• Sabin-Feldman Dye Test
• Toxoplasma gondii

Toxoplasma gondii ön tanısı ile başvuran hastalarda seroprevalans, Türkiye

Öz

Amaç: Toxoplasma gondii, tek hücreli bir protozoon parazittir. Bu çalışma ile Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü Ulusal Parazitoloji Referans Laboratuvarına Ocak 2019-Aralık 2020 tarihleri arasında gelen T. gondii test sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve yöntem: Altın standart olan Sabin-Feldman Boya Testi ile seroprevalans çalışıldı, Anti-T. gondii IgG ve IgM ve T. gondii IgG aviditesi ELISA ile 1160 hastada değerlendirildi. Vakaların cinsiyet ve yaş gruplarına göre dağılımı da istatistiksel olarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Bu çalışmada Toksoplazmoz şüphesi olan 1160 hastadan 589'una SFDT yapıldı ve 478 hastada ELISA ile Anti-T. gondii IgG ve IgM testleri çalışıldı. Anti-T. gondii IgG'si pozitif olan 93 olguya ELISA ile IgG avidite testi uygulandı. Bunlara ek olarak Anti-T. gondii IgM ve IgG birlikte çalışıldı ve pozitif olanlar da değerlendirildi. İkisi birlikte pozitif olan örnek sayısı 17 (%3,6) idi. Anti-T. gondii IgG/IgM sonuçlarına göre toksoplazmoz ile cinsiyet arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmadı. Ayrıca Anti-T. gondii IgG değerleri pozitif olan 93 olgunun %71'inde yüksek avidite, %16'sında cutoff değeri ve %13'ünde düşük avidite vardı. Sonuç: Toksoplazmozun epidemiyolojisini ve güncel prevalansını belirlemek için ileri çalışmalar ve sürveyans çalışmaları yapılmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Avidite
• ELISA
• Sabin-Feldman Boya Testi
• Toxoplasma gondii

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