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Social media addiction in medical faculty students; the relationship with dissociation, social anxiety, and alexithymia

Year 2023, , 580 - 592, 01.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.31362/patd.1321281

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate social media addiction in medical faculty students and the relationships with dissociation and social anxiety experienced in social media use and the level of alexithymia.
Materials and methods: 329 students who agreed to participate in the research completed the following scales; Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), Van Online Dissociative Experiences Scale (VODES), Social Anxiety Scale for Social Media Users (SAS-SMU). The 4 sub-scales of the SAS-SMU, the 3 sub-scales of the TAS, and the VODES were analyzed as independent variables and the BSMAS was evaluated as a dependent variable.
Results: Social media addiction was affected by the shared content anxiety and self-assessment anxiety subscale points of the SAS-SMU, and by the VODES points. Shared content anxiety was determined to predict social media addiction positively and significantly (β=0.264, t (320)=3.16, p=0.002). Self-assessment anxiety was determined to predict social media addiction positively and significantly (β=0.169, t (320)=2.23, p=0.026). Online dissociative experiences was determined to predict social media addiction positively and significantly (β=0.217, t (320)=4.15, p<0.001).
Conclusion: It has been shown that the risk of social media addiction is predicted in young people who are prone to dissociation, have difficulties in social relations, and have social anxiety, but alexithymia does not predict social media addiction. There is a need for further experimental and longitudinal studies to establish the potential causative link between social anxiety, dissociation, and social media addiction.

Supporting Institution

none

Project Number

none

Thanks

We thank all medical faculty students who voluntarily participated in the study.

References

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  • 2. Andreassen CS, Pallesen S, Griffiths MD. The relationship between addictive use of social media, narcissism, and self-esteem: findings from a large national survey. Addict Behav 2017;64:287-293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.03.006
  • 3. Savci M, Aysan F. Relationship between impulsivity, social media usage and loneliness. EDUPIJ 2016;5:106-115. http://dx.doi.org/10.12973/edupij.2016.52.2
  • 4. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders- Fifth Edition (DSM-5). American Psychiatric Publishing. Arlington, VA;2013.
  • 5. Bányai F, Zsila Á, Király O, et al. Problematic social media use: results from a large-scale nationally representative adolescent sample. PloS one 2017;12:1-13. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169839
  • 6. Badenes Ribera L, Fabris MA, Gastaldi FGM, Prino LE, Longobardi C. Parent and peer attachment as predictors of facebook addiction symptoms in different developmental stages (early adolescents and adolescents). Addict Behav 2019;95:226-232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.05.009
  • 7. Baughan A, Zhang MR, Rao R, Lukoff K, Schaadhardt A, Butler LD. “I don’t even remember what i read”: how design influences dissociation on social media. CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI `22) 2022:18;1-13. https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501899
  • 8. Butler LD. Normative dissociation. Psychiatric Clinics 2006;29:45-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2005.10.004
  • 9. Levy DM. Mindful tech: How to bring balance to our digital lives. New Haven and London: Yale University Press; 2016.
  • 10. Lyngs U, Lukoff K, Slovak P, et al. 'I just want to hack myself to not get distracted' evaluating design interventions for self-control on facebook. CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI `20) 2020:1-15. https://doi.org/10.1145/3313831.3376672
  • 11. Canan F, Ataoglu A, Ozcetin A, Icmeli C. The association between Internet addiction and dissociation among Turkish college students. Comprehensive Psychiatry 2012;53:422-426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2011.08.006
  • 12. Bernardi S, Pallanti S. Internet addiction: a descriptive clinical study focusing on comorbidities and dissociative symptoms. Comprehensive Psychiatry 2009;50:510-516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2008.11.011
  • 13. Craparo G. Internet addiction, dissociation, and alexithymia. Procedia Soc Behav Sci 2011;30:1051-1056. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.205
  • 14. Olson JA, Stendel M, Veissière S. Hypnotised by your phone? Smartphone addiction correlates with hypnotisability. Front psychiatry 2020;11:578(e1-7). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00578
  • 15. Aktan E. Sosyal medya ve sosyal kaygı: sosyal medya kullanıcıları üzerine bir araştırma. Selçuk İletişim 2018;11:35-53. https://doi.org/10.18094/josc.397272
  • 16. La Rosa VL, Gori A, Faraci P, Vicario CM, Craparo G. Traumatic distress, alexithymia, dissociation, and risk of addiction during the first wave of COVID-19 in Italy: results from a cross-sectional online survey on a non-clinical adult sample. Int J Ment Health Addiction 2022;20:3128–3144. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-021-00569-0
  • 17. Mahapatra A, Sharma, P. Association of Internet addiction and alexithymia–A scoping review. Addict Behav 2018; 81:175-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.02.004
  • 18. Marchetti D, Verrocchio MC, Porcelli P. Gambling problems and alexithymia: a systematic review. Brain Sci 2019;9:191. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci9080191
  • 19. Caplan SE. A social skill account of problematic Internet use. J Commun 2005;55:721-736. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2005.tb03019.x
  • 20. Scimeca G, Bruno A, Cava L, Pandolfo G, Muscatello MRA, Zoccali R. The relationship between alexithymia, anxiety, depression, and internet addiction severity in a sample of Italian high school students. Sci World J 2014;5:504376(e1-8). http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/504376
  • 21. Dalbudak E, Evren C, Aldemir S, Coşkun KS, Uğurlu H, Yıldırım FG. Relationship of internet addiction severity with depression, anxiety, and alexithymia, temperament and character in university students. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking 2013;16:272-278. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2012.0390
  • 22. Grabe HJ, Rainermann S, Spitzer C, Gänsicke M, Freyberger HJ. The relationship between dimensions of alexithymia and dissociation. Psychother Psychosom 2000;69:128-131. https://doi.org/10.1159/000012380
  • 23. Andreassen CS, Billieux J, Griffiths MD, et al. The relationship between addictive use of social media and video games and symptoms of psychiatric disorders: a large-scale cross-sectional study. Psychol Addict Behav 2016;30:252-262. https://doi.org/10.1037/adb0000160
  • 24. Demirci İ. The adaptation of the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale to Turkish and the evaluation its relationships with depression and anxiety symptoms. Alpha Psychiatry 2019;20:15-22. https://doi.org/10.5455/apd.41585
  • 25. Boysan M, Eşkisu M, Çam Z. Development of a new instrument for assessing dissociation in the net: the Van Online Dissociative Experiences Schedule (VODES). Yeni Symp 2019;57:2-9. https://doi.org/10.5455/NYS.20190920012130
  • 26. Alkis Y, Kadirhan Z, Sat M. Development and validation of social anxiety scale for social media users. Comput Hum Behav 2017;72:296-303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.03.011
  • 27. Bagby RM, Parker JD, Taylor GJ. The twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale—I. Item selection and cross-validation of the factor structure. J Psychosom Res 1994;38:23-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3999(94)90005-1
  • 28. Güleç H, Köse S, Güleç MY, et al. Reliability and factorial validity of the Turkish version of the 20-item Toronto alexithymia scale (TAS-20). Psychiatr Clin Psychopharmacol 2009;19:214-220.
  • 29. Kuss DJ, Griffiths MD, Karila L, Billieux J. Internet addiction: a systematic review of epidemiological research for the last decade. Curr Pharm Des 2014;20:4026-4052.
  • 30. Asher M, Asnaani A, Aderka IM. Gender differences in social anxiety disorder: a review. Clinical Psychol Rev 2017;56:1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2017.05.004
  • 31. Şar V, Türk T, Öztürk E. Fear of happiness among college students: the role of gender, childhood psychological trauma, and dissociation. Indian J Psychiatry 2019;61:389-394. https://doi.org/10.4103/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_52_17
  • 32. Pasini A, Delle Chiaie R, Seripa S, Ciani N. Alexithymia as related to sex, age, and educational level: results of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale in 417 normal subjects. Compr Psychiatry 1992;33:42-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-440X(92)90078-5
  • 33. Säkkinen P, Kaltiala Heino R, Ranta K, Haataja R, Joukamaa M. Psychometric properties of the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale and prevalence of alexithymia in a Finnish adolescent population. Psychosomatics 2007;48:154-161. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.psy.48.2.154
  • 34. Joukamaa M, Taanila A, Miettunen J, Karvonen JT, Koskinen M, Veijola J. Epidemiology of alexithymia among adolescents. J Psychosomatic Res 2007;63:373-376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2007.01.018
  • 35. Tran JA, Yang KS, Davis K, Hiniker A. Modeling the engagement-disengagement cycle of compulsive phone use. In proceedings of the 2019 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems (CHI '19). Association for Computing Machinery 2019;132:1-14. https://doi.org/10.1145/3290605.3300542
  • 36. van Zalk MHW, Branje SJT, Delsing MJMH, ter Bogt TFM, Meeus WHJ. Different types of internet use, depression, and social anxiety: the role of perceived friendship quality. J Adolesc 2008;32:819-833. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2008.10.011
  • 37. de Wit L, van Straten A, Lamers F, Cuijpers P, Penninx B. Are sedentary television watching and computer use behaviors associated with anxiety and depressive disorders? Psychiatry Res 2011;186:239-243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2010.07.003
  • 38. Shepherd RM, Edelmann RJ. Reasons for internet use and social anxiety. Pers Individ Dif 2005;39:949-958. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2005.04.001
  • 39. Grieve R, Indian M, Witteveen K, Tolan GA, Marrington J. Face-to-face or Facebook: Can social connectedness be derived online? Comput Human Behav 2013;29:604-609. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.11.017
  • 40. Shepherd RM, Edelmann RJ. Caught in the web. The Psychologist 2001;14:520-521.
  • 41. Morahan Martin J, Schumacher P. Loneliness and social uses of the internet. Comput Human Behav 2003;19:659-671. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0747-5632(03)00040-2
  • 42. Shaw LH, Gant LM. In defense of the Internet: the relationship between Internet communication and depression, loneliness, self-esteem, and perceived social support. Cyberpsycho Beh 2002;5:157-171. https://doi.org/10.1089/109493102753770552
  • 43. Papacharissi Z, Rubin AM. Predictors of Internet use. J Broadcasting & Electronic Media 2000;44;175-196. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15506878jobem4402_2
  • 44. Lyvers M, Salviani A, Costan S, Thorberg FA. Alexithymia, narcissism and social anxiety in relation to social media and internet addiction symptoms. Int J Psychol 2022;57:606-612. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijop.12840
  • 45. Lyvers M, Narayanan SS, Thorberg FA. Disordered social media use and risky drinking in young adults: differential associations with addiction‐linked traits. Aust J Psychol 2019;71:223-231. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajpy.12236
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  • 50. Panayiotou G, Leonidou C, Constantinou E, Michaelides MP. Self-Awareness in alexithymia and associations with social anxiety. Curr Psychol 2020;39:1600-1609. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-018-9855-1

Tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinde sosyal medya bağımlılığı; dissosiyasyon, sosyal anksiyete ve aleksitimi ile ilişkisi

Year 2023, , 580 - 592, 01.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.31362/patd.1321281

Abstract

Amaç: Tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinde sosyal medya bağımlılığı ve sosyal medya kullanımında yaşanan dissosiyasyon ve sosyal kaygı ve aleksitimi düzeyi arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve yöntem: Çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 329 öğrenci Bergen Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı Ölçeği (BSMBÖ), Toronto Aleksitimi Ölçeği (TAS-20), Van Çevrimiçi Disosiyatif Yaşantılar Ölçeği (VÇDYÖ), Sosyal Medya Kullanıcıları için Sosyal Anksiyete Ölçeği (SMKSKÖ) ve sosyodemografik veri formunu eksiksiz doldurmuştur. SMKSKÖ’nin 4 alt ölçeği, TAS-20’nin 3 alt ölçeği ve VÇDYÖ bağımsız değişken olarak, BSMBÖ
bağımlı değişken olarak değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Sosyal medya bağımlılığı, SMKSKÖ’nin paylaşılan içerik kaygısı ve kendini değerlendirme kaygısı alt ölçek puanlarından ve VÇDYÖ puanlarından etkilenmektedir. Paylaşılan içerik kaygısı sosyal medya bağımlılığını olumlu ve anlamlı olarak yordamaktadır (β=0,264, t (320)=3,16, p=0,002). Kendini değerlendirme kaygısı sosyal medya bağımlılığını olumlu ve anlamlı olarak yordamaktadır (β=0,169, t (320)=2,23, p=0,026). Çevrimiçi disosiyatif yaşantılar da sosyal medya bağımlılığını olumlu ve anlamlı olarak yordamaktadır (β=0,217, t (320)=4,15, p<0,001).
Sonuç: Disosiyasyona yatkın, sosyal ilişkilerde zorluk yaşayan, sosyal kaygıları bulunan gençlerin sosyal medya bağımlılığı riskinin arttığı ancak aleksitiminin ise sosyal medya bağımlılığını predikte etmediği gösterilmiştir. Sosyal anksiyete ve dissosiyasyon ile sosyal medya bağımlılığı arasında potansiyel bir nedensel bağlantı kurmak için daha fazla araştırma deneysel ve boylamsal çalışmalar yapılması gerekmektedir.

Project Number

none

References

  • 1. Fredrick SS, Nickerson AB, Livingston JA. Adolescent social media use: pitfalls and promises in relation to cybervictimization, friend support, and depressive symptoms. J Youth Adolesc 2022;5:361-376. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-021-01561-6
  • 2. Andreassen CS, Pallesen S, Griffiths MD. The relationship between addictive use of social media, narcissism, and self-esteem: findings from a large national survey. Addict Behav 2017;64:287-293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.03.006
  • 3. Savci M, Aysan F. Relationship between impulsivity, social media usage and loneliness. EDUPIJ 2016;5:106-115. http://dx.doi.org/10.12973/edupij.2016.52.2
  • 4. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders- Fifth Edition (DSM-5). American Psychiatric Publishing. Arlington, VA;2013.
  • 5. Bányai F, Zsila Á, Király O, et al. Problematic social media use: results from a large-scale nationally representative adolescent sample. PloS one 2017;12:1-13. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169839
  • 6. Badenes Ribera L, Fabris MA, Gastaldi FGM, Prino LE, Longobardi C. Parent and peer attachment as predictors of facebook addiction symptoms in different developmental stages (early adolescents and adolescents). Addict Behav 2019;95:226-232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.05.009
  • 7. Baughan A, Zhang MR, Rao R, Lukoff K, Schaadhardt A, Butler LD. “I don’t even remember what i read”: how design influences dissociation on social media. CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI `22) 2022:18;1-13. https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3501899
  • 8. Butler LD. Normative dissociation. Psychiatric Clinics 2006;29:45-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2005.10.004
  • 9. Levy DM. Mindful tech: How to bring balance to our digital lives. New Haven and London: Yale University Press; 2016.
  • 10. Lyngs U, Lukoff K, Slovak P, et al. 'I just want to hack myself to not get distracted' evaluating design interventions for self-control on facebook. CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI `20) 2020:1-15. https://doi.org/10.1145/3313831.3376672
  • 11. Canan F, Ataoglu A, Ozcetin A, Icmeli C. The association between Internet addiction and dissociation among Turkish college students. Comprehensive Psychiatry 2012;53:422-426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2011.08.006
  • 12. Bernardi S, Pallanti S. Internet addiction: a descriptive clinical study focusing on comorbidities and dissociative symptoms. Comprehensive Psychiatry 2009;50:510-516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2008.11.011
  • 13. Craparo G. Internet addiction, dissociation, and alexithymia. Procedia Soc Behav Sci 2011;30:1051-1056. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.205
  • 14. Olson JA, Stendel M, Veissière S. Hypnotised by your phone? Smartphone addiction correlates with hypnotisability. Front psychiatry 2020;11:578(e1-7). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00578
  • 15. Aktan E. Sosyal medya ve sosyal kaygı: sosyal medya kullanıcıları üzerine bir araştırma. Selçuk İletişim 2018;11:35-53. https://doi.org/10.18094/josc.397272
  • 16. La Rosa VL, Gori A, Faraci P, Vicario CM, Craparo G. Traumatic distress, alexithymia, dissociation, and risk of addiction during the first wave of COVID-19 in Italy: results from a cross-sectional online survey on a non-clinical adult sample. Int J Ment Health Addiction 2022;20:3128–3144. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-021-00569-0
  • 17. Mahapatra A, Sharma, P. Association of Internet addiction and alexithymia–A scoping review. Addict Behav 2018; 81:175-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.02.004
  • 18. Marchetti D, Verrocchio MC, Porcelli P. Gambling problems and alexithymia: a systematic review. Brain Sci 2019;9:191. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci9080191
  • 19. Caplan SE. A social skill account of problematic Internet use. J Commun 2005;55:721-736. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2005.tb03019.x
  • 20. Scimeca G, Bruno A, Cava L, Pandolfo G, Muscatello MRA, Zoccali R. The relationship between alexithymia, anxiety, depression, and internet addiction severity in a sample of Italian high school students. Sci World J 2014;5:504376(e1-8). http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/504376
  • 21. Dalbudak E, Evren C, Aldemir S, Coşkun KS, Uğurlu H, Yıldırım FG. Relationship of internet addiction severity with depression, anxiety, and alexithymia, temperament and character in university students. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking 2013;16:272-278. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2012.0390
  • 22. Grabe HJ, Rainermann S, Spitzer C, Gänsicke M, Freyberger HJ. The relationship between dimensions of alexithymia and dissociation. Psychother Psychosom 2000;69:128-131. https://doi.org/10.1159/000012380
  • 23. Andreassen CS, Billieux J, Griffiths MD, et al. The relationship between addictive use of social media and video games and symptoms of psychiatric disorders: a large-scale cross-sectional study. Psychol Addict Behav 2016;30:252-262. https://doi.org/10.1037/adb0000160
  • 24. Demirci İ. The adaptation of the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale to Turkish and the evaluation its relationships with depression and anxiety symptoms. Alpha Psychiatry 2019;20:15-22. https://doi.org/10.5455/apd.41585
  • 25. Boysan M, Eşkisu M, Çam Z. Development of a new instrument for assessing dissociation in the net: the Van Online Dissociative Experiences Schedule (VODES). Yeni Symp 2019;57:2-9. https://doi.org/10.5455/NYS.20190920012130
  • 26. Alkis Y, Kadirhan Z, Sat M. Development and validation of social anxiety scale for social media users. Comput Hum Behav 2017;72:296-303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.03.011
  • 27. Bagby RM, Parker JD, Taylor GJ. The twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale—I. Item selection and cross-validation of the factor structure. J Psychosom Res 1994;38:23-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3999(94)90005-1
  • 28. Güleç H, Köse S, Güleç MY, et al. Reliability and factorial validity of the Turkish version of the 20-item Toronto alexithymia scale (TAS-20). Psychiatr Clin Psychopharmacol 2009;19:214-220.
  • 29. Kuss DJ, Griffiths MD, Karila L, Billieux J. Internet addiction: a systematic review of epidemiological research for the last decade. Curr Pharm Des 2014;20:4026-4052.
  • 30. Asher M, Asnaani A, Aderka IM. Gender differences in social anxiety disorder: a review. Clinical Psychol Rev 2017;56:1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2017.05.004
  • 31. Şar V, Türk T, Öztürk E. Fear of happiness among college students: the role of gender, childhood psychological trauma, and dissociation. Indian J Psychiatry 2019;61:389-394. https://doi.org/10.4103/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_52_17
  • 32. Pasini A, Delle Chiaie R, Seripa S, Ciani N. Alexithymia as related to sex, age, and educational level: results of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale in 417 normal subjects. Compr Psychiatry 1992;33:42-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-440X(92)90078-5
  • 33. Säkkinen P, Kaltiala Heino R, Ranta K, Haataja R, Joukamaa M. Psychometric properties of the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale and prevalence of alexithymia in a Finnish adolescent population. Psychosomatics 2007;48:154-161. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.psy.48.2.154
  • 34. Joukamaa M, Taanila A, Miettunen J, Karvonen JT, Koskinen M, Veijola J. Epidemiology of alexithymia among adolescents. J Psychosomatic Res 2007;63:373-376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2007.01.018
  • 35. Tran JA, Yang KS, Davis K, Hiniker A. Modeling the engagement-disengagement cycle of compulsive phone use. In proceedings of the 2019 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems (CHI '19). Association for Computing Machinery 2019;132:1-14. https://doi.org/10.1145/3290605.3300542
  • 36. van Zalk MHW, Branje SJT, Delsing MJMH, ter Bogt TFM, Meeus WHJ. Different types of internet use, depression, and social anxiety: the role of perceived friendship quality. J Adolesc 2008;32:819-833. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2008.10.011
  • 37. de Wit L, van Straten A, Lamers F, Cuijpers P, Penninx B. Are sedentary television watching and computer use behaviors associated with anxiety and depressive disorders? Psychiatry Res 2011;186:239-243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2010.07.003
  • 38. Shepherd RM, Edelmann RJ. Reasons for internet use and social anxiety. Pers Individ Dif 2005;39:949-958. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2005.04.001
  • 39. Grieve R, Indian M, Witteveen K, Tolan GA, Marrington J. Face-to-face or Facebook: Can social connectedness be derived online? Comput Human Behav 2013;29:604-609. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.11.017
  • 40. Shepherd RM, Edelmann RJ. Caught in the web. The Psychologist 2001;14:520-521.
  • 41. Morahan Martin J, Schumacher P. Loneliness and social uses of the internet. Comput Human Behav 2003;19:659-671. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0747-5632(03)00040-2
  • 42. Shaw LH, Gant LM. In defense of the Internet: the relationship between Internet communication and depression, loneliness, self-esteem, and perceived social support. Cyberpsycho Beh 2002;5:157-171. https://doi.org/10.1089/109493102753770552
  • 43. Papacharissi Z, Rubin AM. Predictors of Internet use. J Broadcasting & Electronic Media 2000;44;175-196. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15506878jobem4402_2
  • 44. Lyvers M, Salviani A, Costan S, Thorberg FA. Alexithymia, narcissism and social anxiety in relation to social media and internet addiction symptoms. Int J Psychol 2022;57:606-612. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijop.12840
  • 45. Lyvers M, Narayanan SS, Thorberg FA. Disordered social media use and risky drinking in young adults: differential associations with addiction‐linked traits. Aust J Psychol 2019;71:223-231. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajpy.12236
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There are 50 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Psychiatry
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Merve Aktaş Terzioğlu 0000-0002-7668-8222

Tuğçe Toker Uğurlu 0000-0003-4458-088X

Project Number none
Early Pub Date August 2, 2023
Publication Date October 1, 2023
Submission Date June 30, 2023
Acceptance Date July 31, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023

Cite

AMA Aktaş Terzioğlu M, Toker Uğurlu T. Social media addiction in medical faculty students; the relationship with dissociation, social anxiety, and alexithymia. Pam Tıp Derg. October 2023;16(4):580-592. doi:10.31362/patd.1321281
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