Alt ve üst abdominal cerrahilerde multimodal anestezi uygulamaları kapsamında yapılan ultrason eşliğinde periferik sinir bloklarına genel bakış

Öz

Kronik ağrıyı önlemek, fonksiyonu korumak ve yaşam kalitesini artırmak için etkili akut postoperatif ağrı yönetimi çok önemlidir. Postoperatif ağrının etkili bir şekilde kontrol edilmesi için multimodal anestezi protokolleri yaygın olarak önerilmektedir. Opioidlerin yan etkileri nedeniyle, opioid içermeyen analjezik yaklaşımlara yönelme eğilimi artmıştır. Periferik sinir blokları bu yaklaşımı desteklemektedir. Üst abdominal cerrahide kullanılan sinir blokları arasında eksternal oblik interkostal bloğu ve paravertebral blok; alt abdominal cerrahide kullanılan sinir blokları arasında transversalis fasya plan bloğu yer alır. Üst ve alt karın cerrahisinde kullanılan sinir blokları transversus abdominis plan bloğu ve bilateral erektör spina plan bloğu örnek verilebilir. Bu blokların uygun kullanımı, opioid kullanımını azaltır, kronik ağrıyı önler ve hasta memnuniyetini artırır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Postoperatif ağrı
• plan bloğu
• multimodal genel anestezi

Overview of ultrasound-guided plane blocks performed within the scope of multimodal anesthesia applications in lower and upper abdominal surgeries

Abstract

Effective acute postoperative pain management is essential to prevent chronic pain, preserve function, and enhance quality of life. Multimodal anesthesia protocols are widely recommended for effective control of postoperative pain. Due to the side effects of opioids, there has been an increase in the tendency towards non-opioid based analgesic approaches. Peripheral nerve blocks support this approach. Nerve blocks used in upper abdominal surgery include external oblique intercostal block and paravertebral block; nerve blocks used in lower abdominal surgery include transversalis fascia plane block. Nerve blocks used in upper and lower abdominal surgery include transversus abdominis plane block and bilateral erector spina plane block. Appropriate use of these blocks reduces opioid use, prevents chronic pain, and improves patient satisfaction.

Keywords

• Postoperative pain
• plane block
• multimodal general anesthesia

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