Uyku bozukluğu farkındalığı, uyku bozukluğu semptomlarının sıklığı ve semptomlar ile ilişkili faktörler: yaşlı popülasyon örneği

Year 2020, , 41 - 51, 21.01.2020

Zeynep Güneş , Safiye Özvurmaz

https://doi.org/10.31362/patd.527510

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amaçları(1)yaşlıların
uyku
bozukluğuna ilişkin farkındalık durumlarını (2) uyku bozukluklarına ilişkin
semptom sıklığını (3) uyku bozukluğu semptomları ile ilişkili faktörleri belirlemektir.

Yöntem: Aile sağlığı merkezine başvuran 353 yaşlı ile yapılan
kesitsel çalışma uyku bozuklukları, mevcut hastalıkları, kullandıkları ilaçlar
ve depresyon durumlarına ilişkin bilgi toplamak için tasarlanmış anket formu
kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Depresyon
kısa form geriatrik depresyon ölçeği-4 ile gündüz uykululuk durumu Epworth
uykululuk ölçeği ile
değerlendirildi.

Bulgular:
Araştırmaya katılan yaşlıların yaş ortalaması 71,95±9,2’dır. Uyku bozukluğu
farkındalık düzeyleri %36,8’dir. Yaşlıların yarıdan fazlası erken uyanmakta ve
uykuyu dalmada güçlük yaşamakta ve %93,8’i uykuyu sürdürememektedir. Yaşlıların
yaklaşık 2/3’si tuvalete gitme nedeni ile uykuyu sürdürmede güçlük
yaşamaktadırlar.  Yaşlıların yaklaşık
1/5’inde gündüz uykululuk durumu, korkutucu rüyalar görme, uykuda bağırma, %42,6’sında
horlama gibi uyku bozukluğu semptomları bulunmaktadır. Diyabeti olan, solunum
sistemi hastalığı olan,  kardiyovasküler
hastalığı olanların hastalığı olmayan yaşlılara göre anlamlı olarak uykuya
dalmada güçlük yaşamaktadırlar. Depresyonun(uyku bölünmesi hariç) uyku
yakınmalarını etkileyen önemli bir faktör olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Sonuç:
Yaşlıların
uyku yakınmalarına ilişkin farkındalık düzeyleri düşüktür. Yaşlılarda insomnia
semptomları yaygın olarak görülmekte ve depresyon uyku yakınmalarını etkileyen
önemli bir faktör olmaktadır.

Keywords

İnsomni, horlama, gündüz aşırı uykululuğu, REM uyku davranış bozukluğu

Awareness of sleep disorders, frequency of sleep disorders syptoms, the factors associated with syptoms: elderly population sample.

Abstract

Aim: The aims of this study are to
determine the awareness of sleep disorders in elderly patients (1), the
frequency of the symptoms associated with sleep complaints (2), and to determine the factors
related to sleep disorders symptoms (3).

Method: A
cross sectional study of 353 elderly of admitting to family health center was done using designed questionnaire to gather about disorders of sleep, 
their existing illnesses, medications that they used and their
depression status. Depression was assessed by the short form Geriatric
Depression Scale-4 and daytime sleepiness was assessed by Epworth Sleepiness
Scale.

Results: The mean age of the elderly patients participating in the
study is 71.95±9.2. Awareness levels of sleep disorder are 36.8%. More than
half of the elderly patients wake up early and have difficulties in falling
asleep, and 93.8% cannot maintain sleeping. Approximately 2/3 of the elderly
patients have difficulty in maintaining the sleep by reason of going to the
toilet. About 1/5 of the elderly patients have daytime sleepiness, nightmares
and screaming in the sleep, and 42.6% have symptoms of sleep disorder such as snoring.
The elderly patients having diabetes, respiratory system diseases and
cardiovascular diseases have difficulties significantly in falling asleep
compared to the elderly patients with no diseases. Depression (except sleep
disruption) was found to be an important factor affecting sleep complaints. Conclusion:
The level of awareness of sleep disorders among the elderly patients is
low. Symptoms of insomnia are common in the elderly patients and depression is
an important factor affecting sleep complaints.

Keywords

Insomnia, snoring, excessive daytime sleepiness, REM sleep behavior disorder

References

• 1. Kim WJ., Joo WT., Baek J., ve ark. Factors Associated with Insomnia among the Elderly in a Korean Rural Community. Psychiatry Investigation. 2017;14(4):400-406. 2. Endeshaw Y., Rice TB., Schwartz AV., ve ark. Snoring, Daytime Sleepiness, and Incident Cardiovascular Disease in The Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. SLEEP 2013;36(11):1737-1745.3. Lindstrom V, Andersson K, Lintrup M, Holst G, Berglund J. Prevalence of sleep problems and pain among the elderly in Sweden. J Nutr Health Aging. 2012;16(2):180-3.4. Gambhir IS., Chakrabarti SS., Sharma AR., Saran DP. Insomnia in the elderlyd a hospital-based study from North India. Journal of Clinical Gerontology & Geriatrics. (2014);117-121.5. Cochen V, Arbus C, Soto ME, ve ark. Sleep disorders and their impacts on healthy, dependent, and frail older adults. J Nutr Health Aging. 2009;13(4):322-9.6. Roepke SK, Ancoli-Israel S. Sleep disorders in the elderly. Indian J Med Res. 2010; 131:302-310.7. Bombois S, Derambure P, Pasquier F, Monaca C. Sleep disorders in aging and dementia. J Nutr Health Aging. 2010;14(3):212-7.8. Crowley K. Sleep and Sleep Disorders in Older Adults. Neuropsychology. 2011, 21(1): 41–5.9. Glasser M. , Bailey N. , McMillan A. , Goff E. , Morrell M.J. Sleep apnoea in older people. Breathe 2011;7: 248-256. 10. Dantas FG., Alves Medeiros JL, Soares Farias K., Dantas Ribeiro Cl. Restless legs syndrome in institutionalized elderly. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2008;66(2-B):328-330.11. Hornyak M, Trenkwalder C. Restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movement disorder in the elderly. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 2004;56(5):543–548.12. Bittencourt LR., Santos Silva R., Ferreira Santos R., Nogueira Pires ML., de Mello MT. Excessive daytime sleepiness. Rev Bras Psiquiatr. 2005;27(Supl I):16-21. 13. Selvi Y, Kandeğer A., Sayın AA. Gündüz Aşırı Uykululuğu. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar. 2016;8(2):114-132.14. Miller C.M. Lack of Training in Sleep and Sleep Disorders. American Medical Association Journal of Ethics. 2008;10( 9):560-563.15. Ganga H, Thangaraj Y, Puppala V, Kolla N. Obstructive Sleep Apnea in the Elderly Population: Atypical Presentation and Diagnostic Challenges. The Internet Journal of Internal Medicine. 2009; 8(2): 1-11.16. Jaiswal SJ, Owens RL, Malhotra A. Raising awareness about sleep disorders. Lung India. 2017;34:262-8.17. Jennum P., Santamaria Cano J., Bassetti C., ve ark. European Handbook of Neurological Management: Volume 1, Chapter 39 (SS529-453). 2nd 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.18. Morgenthaler TI., Croft JB., Dort LC., Loeding LD., Mullington JM., Thomas SM. Development of the National Healthy Sleep Awareness Project Sleep Health Surveillance Questions. J Clin Sleep Med 2015;11(9):1057–1062.19. Sılay K., Özkaya H., Yalçın A., ve ark. Yaşlılarda Düşmenin Değerlendirilmesi: Huzursuz Bacak Sendromu ile Düşme Arasında İlişki Var mı ? Ankara Med J, 2016;16(1):13-9.20. Fava C., Montagnana M., Favaloro EJ., Guidi GC., Lippi G. Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome and Cardiovascular Diseases. Semin Thromb Hemost 2011;37:280–297.21. Berkeşoğlu Ç. Obstrüktif Uyku Apne Sendromunda Gündüz Uykululuk ve Klinik Sonuçlar ile İlişkisi. Türk Uyku Tıbbi Dergisi. 2014;3:71-6.22. Martinez-Garcia M.A., Soler-Cataluna J.J., Roman-Sanchez P., Gonzalez V., Amoros C., Montserrat J.M. Obstructive sleep apnea has little impact on quality of life in the elderly. Sleep Medicine. 2009;10:104–111.23. Orzeł-Gryglewska J. Consequences Of Sleep Deprivation. International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health. 2010;23(1):95–114.24. Perry GS., PatilSP., Presley-Cantrell LR. Preventing chronic diseases. 2013; 10:130081. 1-4.25. Neikrug AB., Ancoli-Israel S. Sleep Disorders in the Older Adult – A Mini-Review. Gerontology. 2010; 56(2):181–189.26. Shah, A., Phongsathorn, V., Bielawska, C., Katona, C. Screening for depression among geriatric inpatients with short versions of the Geriatric Depression Scale. Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiat. 1996; 11: 915±918.27. Ertan T Bugay G, Eker E. Geriatrik depresyon ölçeği kısa formlarının Türk yaşlı toplumunda geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği: GDÖ-15, GDÖ10, GDÖ-4. 5. Ulusal Gero-psikiyatri Sempozyumu. 10-12 Haziran 2004. P08.p:114.28. Johns MW, A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: The Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Sleep 1991; 14:540-545.29. İzci B, Ardic S, Firat H, Sahin A, Altinors M, Karacan I. Reliability and validity studies of the Turkish version of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Sleep Breath 2008;12:161-8.30. Adebusoye LA, Ogunbode AM, Olowookere OO. Factors associated with reported snoring among elderly patients attending the geriatric centre in Nigeria. The Pan African Medical Journal. 2014;19:309. doi:10.11604/pamj.2014.19.309.5244.31. Cooke JR, Ancoli-Israel S. Normal and Abnormal Sleep in the Elderly. Handbook of clinical neurology / edited by PJ Vinken and GW Bruyn. 2011;98:653-665. doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-52006-7.00041-1.32. Kamel NS., Gammack JK. Insomnia in the Elderly: Cause, Approach, and Treatment. The American Journal of Medicine. 2006;119:463-469.33. Tsou MT. Prevalence and risk factors for insomnia in community-dwelling elderly in northern Taiwan. Journal of Clinical Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2013; 4( 3):75-79.34. Wroble R., Nagle BA., Cataldi LA. Insomnia in the Elderly: Assessment and Management in a Primary Care Setting. JCOM. 2000;7(3): 50-58.35. Allah ESA., Abdel-Aziz HR, El-Seoud ARA. Insomnia: Prevalence, risk factors, and its effect on quality of life among elderly in Zagazig City, Egypt. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 2014;4(8):52-69.36. Kitano N, Tsunoda K, Tsuji T, Osuka Y, Jindo T, Tanaka K et al. Association between difficulty initiating sleep in older adults and the combination of leisure-time physical activity and consumption of milk and milk products: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatrics. 2014;14:118. 37. Anothaisintawee T., Reutrakul S., Van-Cauter E., Thakkinstian A. Sleep disturbances compared to traditional risk factors for diabetes development: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Medicine Reviews. 2016;30: 11-24.38. Subedi RK., Prevalence of Insomnia and Factors Associated with it amongthe elderly people of Sarangdanda VDC in Panchthar District. Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology. 2010; 4: 129-140. 39. Lin CL., Chien C., Chung CH., Wu FL. Risk of type 2 diabetes in patients with insomnia: A population‐ based historical cohort study. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2018;34:e2930-2936.40. Babar S, Enright P, Boyle A,Foley D. Sleep disturbances and their correlates in elderly Japanese American men residing in Hawai. J. Gerontol. A Biol.2000;55A:M406–11.41. Lima CA., de Souza Soares WJ., de Souza Soares WJ., Corrêa Dias R., Ferrioll E., Rodrigues Perracini M . Correlates of excessive daytime sleepiness in community-dwelling older adults: an exploratory study. REV BRAS EPIDEMIOL JUL-SEP 2015;18(3): 607-617.42. Onen F. Moreau T., Gooneratne NS., Petit C. Falissard B., Onen S. H. Limits of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale in older adults. Sleep Breath. 2013;17:343–350.43. Empana JP, Dauvilliers Y, Dartigues JF, ve ark. Excessive daytime sleepiness is an independent risk indicator for cardiovascular mortality in community-dwelling elderly: the three city study. Stroke. 2009;40(4):1219-24.44. Carvalho, DZ; St Louis EK.; Knopman, DS.; Boeve, BF.; Lowe, VJ.; Roberts, RO; . Mielke, MM.; Przybelski, SA.; . Machulda, MM; Petersen, RC.; Jack CR.; Vemuri, P. Association of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness With Longitudinal β-Amyloid Accumulation in Elderly Persons Without Dementia. JAMA Neurol. 2018;75(6):672-680. 45. Tardy M., Gonthier R., Barthelemuy JC., ve ark. Subjective sleep and cognitive complaints in 65 year old subjects: A significant association. The PROFF cohort. Journal of Nutrition, Health &Aging. 2015; 19(4):424-30.46. Nadorff MR, Porter B, Rhoades HM, Greisinger AJ, Kunik ME, Stanley MA. Bad Dream Frequency in Older Adults with Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Prevalence, Correlates, and Effect of Cognitive Behavioral Treatment for Anxiety. Behavioral Sleep Medicine. 2014;12(1):10.1080/15402002.2012.755125. 47. Ettensohn, M., Soto Y., Bassi B., Khurshid KA. Sleep Problems and Disorders in Patients with Depression. Psychiatric Annals. 2016;46(7):390-395.48. Asltoghiri M., Ghodsi Z. Study of the Relation between Sleep Disorder and Depression at Late Stage of Pregnancy. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. 2011; 28:430-434.49. Luca A., Luca M., Calandra C. Sleep disorders and depression: brief review of the literature, case report, and nonpharmacologic interventions for depression. Clinical Interventions in Aging 2013:8 1033–1039.50. Slater G, Steier J. Excessive daytime sleepiness in sleep disorders. Journal of Thoracic Disease. 2012;4(6):608-616. doi:10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2012.10.07.51. Hayley AC, Williams LJ., Berk1 M., Kennedy GA, Jacka1 FN, and Pasco JA. The relationship between excessive daytime sleepiness and depressive and anxiety disorders in women. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry. 2013; 47(8) 772–778.