An ecological study of factors associated with the prevalence of the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide

Abstract

Keywords

• COVİD-19
• pandemic
• gini coefficient
• global health security index

Dünya genelinde COVID-19 pandemisi yaygınlığı ile ilişkili faktörlere yönelik bir ekolojik çalışma

Öz

Dünya genelinde COVID-19 pandemisi yaygınlığı ile ilişkili faktörlere yönelik bir ekolojik çalışma Özet Amaç: COVID-19 salgınında ülkelerdeki vaka, ölüm ve test sayılarıyla ülkelerin Gini katsayıları, yaşlı nüfus oranları, ekvatora uzaklıkları ve küresel sağlık güvenliği endeksleri arasındaki ilişkilerin değerlendirilmesidir. Gereç ve yöntem: Ağustos 2020 tarihinde yapılan ekolojik tipteki bu araştırmada ülkelerin COVID-19 salgını yaygınlığı ile ilgili Worldometers internet sitesinde raporlanan verileri kullanılmıştır. Ülkelerin COVID-19 ilişkili değişkenleri ile Gini katsayıları, yaşlı nüfus popülasyonları, ekvatora uzaklıkları ve küresel sağlık güvenliği endeksleri arasındaki ilişkiye bakılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmada 215 ülke değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Milyonda toplam vaka sayısının en fazla görüldüğü ülke Katar iken; milyonda toplam ölüm sayısı en fazla San Marino'da, milyonda toplam test sayısı en fazla Monako'dadır. Doğrusal regresyon analizi sonucunda ülkelerin Gini katsayıları milyonda toplam vaka sayısı ile; yaşlı nüfus oranları milyonda toplam ölüm sayısı ile; ekvatora uzaklıkları milyonda toplam test sayısı ile ilişkili bulunmuştur. Ülkelerin Gini katsayıları arttıkça milyonda toplam vaka sayıları (p=0,006); yaşlı nüfus oranları arttıkça milyonda ölüm sayıları (p=0,005); ekvatora uzaklıkları arttıkça milyonda test sayıları (p=0,015) artmaktadır. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak gelir eşitsizliği, yaşlı nüfus, ekvatora uzaklık arttıkça salgından etkilenim artmaktadır. Anahtar kelimeler: COVID-19, pandemi, Gini katsayısı, küresel sağlık güvenliği endeksi. An ecological study of factors associated with the prevalence of the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide Abstract Purpose: The aim is to evaluate the relationships between the number of cases, deaths and tests in countries in the COVID-19 outbreak and the countries' Gini coefficients, elderly population rates, distances to the equator and global health security indexes. Materials and methods: In this ecological study conducted in August 2020, the data reported on the Worldometers website on the prevalence of the COVID-19 outbreak were used. The relationship between COVID-19 related variables of countries and Gini coefficients, elderly population ratios, distance from the equator and global health security indexes were examined. Results: 215 countries were evaluated in the study. Qatar is the country with the highest number of cases per million; San Marino has the highest number of deaths per million and Monaco has the highest number of tests per million. As a result of the linear regression analysis, the Gini coefficients of the countries were associated with the total number of cases per million, the elderly population ratios were associated with the total number of deaths per million, and distance to the equator was associated with the total number of tests per million. As the Gini coefficients of the countries increase, the total number of cases per million (p=0.006); as the elderly population rates increase, deaths per million (p=0.005); as the distance from the equator increases, the number of tests per million (p=0.015) increases. Conclusion: As a result, as income inequality, elderly population and distance from the equator increase, the impact from the pandemic increases. Keywords: COVID-19, pandemic, Gini coefficient, global health security index.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• COVID-19
• pandemi
• gini katsayısı
• küresel sağlık güvenliği endeksi

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