Last 5 years epidemiological analysis of maxillofacial fractures in Denizli and its surrounding

Abstract

Purpose: The epidemiology of maxillofacial trauma varies in different countries and geographical regions. Population density, lifestyle, culture and socioeconomic status can affect the prevalence and etiology. The aim of this study is to retrospectively detect facial fractures, take the necessary precautions and determine the surgical density burden.
Materials and methods: Between February 2015-September 2020, 107 patients aged 4-70 years in the Pamukkale Universty School of Medicine Department of Plastic Surgery due to maxillofacial traumas were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into groups, analyzed and compared according to criteria of age, gender, distribution of trauma by years, months and seasons, etiology of trauma, accompanying traumas
and anatomical distribution of fractures.
Results: The ratio of men/women was 4.6/1. The most common age group was 21-30. Traumas most often occurred in the summer (June-September). According to facial regions, the most common fractures were in the midface region (51.2%). Mandible fractures had 35.5% higher rate, following by orbital wall fractures 31.3%, as midface subgroups and other facial area fractures were compared. The most common etiology was traffic accidents and falling was the second.It was observed that orthopedic traumas were the most common accompanying.
Conclusion: Traffic accidents constitute the majority of etiological reasons, motor accidents are noteworthy among traffic accidents. The effect of increasing helmet use, road safety and traffic controls are important in reducing accidents and maxillofacial traumas. 

Keywords

• Maxillofacial
• mid-face
• mandible
• fracture

Denizli ve çevresi maksillofasiyal kırıkların son 5 yıllık epidemiyolojik analizi

Öz

Amaç: Maksillofasiyal travmaların epidemiyolojisi, farklı ülkelerde ve coğrafi bölgelerde değişiklik gösterir. Nüfus yoğunluğu, yaşam tarzı, kültürel geçmiş ve sosyoekonomik durum, maksillofasiyal travmaların prevalans ve etyolojisini etkileyebilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı retrospektif olarak yüz kırıklarının tespit edilmesi, gerekli önlemlerin alınması ve olası cerrahi yoğunluk yükünün belirlenmesidir.
Gereç ve yöntem: Şubat 2015 ile Eylül 2020 arasında maksillofasiyal travma nedeniyle Pamukkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Plastik Cerrahi Anabilim Dalı bünyesinde tedavi edilen 4-70 yaş aralığındaki 107 hasta retrospektif olarak incelendi. Hastalar yaş, cinsiyet, travmanın yıllara, aylara ve mevsimlere göre dağılımı, etyolojisi, eşlik eden ek travmalar ve fraktürlerin anatomik dağılımları kriterlerine göre değerlendirilerek gruplara ayrıldı ve karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: Yüz kırığına maruz kalan erkek/kadın oranının 4,6/1 ve en sık 21-30 yaş aralığında olduğu tespit edildi. Travmalar en çok yaz mevsiminde (özellikle Haziran ve Eylül aylarında) meydana geldi. Yüz kırıkları en sık orta yüz kemik bölgesinde (%51,2) tespit edildi. Orta yüz alt grupları ve diğer yüz bölgesi kırıkları karşılaştırıldığında, mandibula kırıkları daha yüksek orana sahipti (%35.5), bunu orbita duvar kırıkları takip etti (%31.3). En sık görülen etiyolojik faktör trafik kazası, ikinci sıklıkta düşme tespit edildi. En sık ortopedik travmaların eşlik ettiği
görüldü.
Sonuç: Trafik kazalarının etyolojik nedenin çoğunluğunu oluşturduğu çalışmamızda, özellikle trafik kazaları içinde motor kazaları dikkati çekmektedir. Ülkemizde kask kullanımı, yol güvenliği ve trafik kontrollerinin artırılmasının, meydana gelecek kazaları ve maksillofasiyal travmaları azaltmasındaki etkisi önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Maksillofasiyal
• orta-yüz
• mandibula
• kırık

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