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Dünya genelinde COVID-19 pandemisi yaygınlığı ile ilişkili faktörlere yönelik bir ekolojik çalışma

Year 2021, Volume: 14 Issue: 3, 574 - 583, 01.07.2021

Ceren Oğuz Özgür Sevinç Erkan Barış

https://doi.org/10.31362/patd.799159

Abstract

Dünya genelinde COVID-19 pandemisi yaygınlığı ile ilişkili faktörlere yönelik bir ekolojik çalışma

Özet

Amaç: COVID-19 salgınında ülkelerdeki vaka, ölüm ve test sayılarıyla ülkelerin Gini katsayıları, yaşlı nüfus oranları, ekvatora uzaklıkları ve küresel sağlık güvenliği endeksleri arasındaki ilişkilerin değerlendirilmesidir.

Gereç ve yöntem: Ağustos 2020 tarihinde yapılan ekolojik tipteki bu araştırmada ülkelerin COVID-19 salgını yaygınlığı ile ilgili Worldometers internet sitesinde raporlanan verileri kullanılmıştır. Ülkelerin COVID-19 ilişkili değişkenleri ile Gini katsayıları, yaşlı nüfus popülasyonları, ekvatora uzaklıkları ve küresel sağlık güvenliği endeksleri arasındaki ilişkiye bakılmıştır.

Bulgular: Araştırmada 215 ülke değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Milyonda toplam vaka sayısının en fazla görüldüğü ülke Katar iken; milyonda toplam ölüm sayısı en fazla San Marino'da, milyonda toplam test sayısı en fazla Monako'dadır. Doğrusal regresyon analizi sonucunda ülkelerin Gini katsayıları milyonda toplam vaka sayısı ile; yaşlı nüfus oranları milyonda toplam ölüm sayısı ile; ekvatora uzaklıkları milyonda toplam test sayısı ile ilişkili bulunmuştur. Ülkelerin Gini katsayıları arttıkça milyonda toplam vaka sayıları (p=0,006); yaşlı nüfus oranları arttıkça milyonda ölüm sayıları (p=0,005); ekvatora uzaklıkları arttıkça milyonda test sayıları (p=0,015) artmaktadır.

Sonuç: Sonuç olarak gelir eşitsizliği, yaşlı nüfus, ekvatora uzaklık arttıkça salgından etkilenim artmaktadır.

Anahtar kelimeler: COVID-19, pandemi, Gini katsayısı, küresel sağlık güvenliği endeksi.







An ecological study of factors associated with the prevalence of the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide

Abstract

Purpose: The aim is to evaluate the relationships between the number of cases, deaths and tests in countries in the COVID-19 outbreak and the countries' Gini coefficients, elderly population rates, distances to the equator and global health security indexes.

Materials and methods: In this ecological study conducted in August 2020, the data reported on the Worldometers website on the prevalence of the COVID-19 outbreak were used. The relationship between COVID-19 related variables of countries and Gini coefficients, elderly population ratios, distance from the equator and global health security indexes were examined.

Results: 215 countries were evaluated in the study. Qatar is the country with the highest number of cases per million; San Marino has the highest number of deaths per million and Monaco has the highest number of tests per million. As a result of the linear regression analysis, the Gini coefficients of the countries were associated with the total number of cases per million, the elderly population ratios were associated with the total number of deaths per million, and distance to the equator was associated with the total number of tests per million. As the Gini coefficients of the countries increase, the total number of cases per million (p=0.006); as the elderly population rates increase, deaths per million (p=0.005); as the distance from the equator increases, the number of tests per million (p=0.015) increases.

Conclusion: As a result, as income inequality, elderly population and distance from the equator increase, the impact from the pandemic increases.

Keywords: COVID-19, pandemic, Gini coefficient, global health security index.

Keywords

COVID-19 pandemi gini katsayısı küresel sağlık güvenliği endeksi

Thanks

Katkılarından dolayı Özgecan Elçi, Şebnem Erten, Mert Hamit Haliloğlu, Orçun Burak Karadağ, Merve Tuğana Keskin, Elifnaz Keskin, Gülşen Korkut, Ümmühan Betül Köseoğlu, Kübra Yıldız, Melike Köroğlu, Ebru Şen, Büşra Fışkın, İsmail Salih Alacalı, Rurkiye Elif Başın, Ferhat Perk, Emre Sağ, İrem Sarıca, Merve Satılmış, Şeyma Gülsüm Şencan, Neslihan Türk, Mukaddes Kübra Uçar ve Oğuzhan Yıldırım'a teşekkür ederiz.

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An ecological study of factors associated with the prevalence of the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide

Year 2021, Volume: 14 Issue: 3, 574 - 583, 01.07.2021

Ceren Oğuz Özgür Sevinç Erkan Barış

https://doi.org/10.31362/patd.799159

Abstract

Keywords

COVİD-19 pandemic gini coefficient global health security index

References

  • 1. Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Uzmanlık Derneği, MERS virüsü hakkında bilgilendirme. Avaliable at: https://www.klimud.org/content/260/mers-virusu-hakkinda-bilgilendirme. Erişim tarihi: 16 Ağustos 2020.
  • 2. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü, COVID-19 (SARS-COV-2 ENFEKSİYONU) REHBERİ, 2020.
  • 3. A Chronicle on the SARS Epidemic. Chinese Law & Government 2003;36(4):12-15. https://doi.org/10.2753/CLG0009-4609360412
  • 4. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Avaliable at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/middle-east-respiratory-syndrome-coronavirus-(mers-cov). Accessed August 16, 2020.
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  • 6. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report – 94. Avaliable at: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200423-sitrep-94-covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=b8304bf0_4#:~:text=humans%20since%202012.-,All%20available%20evidence%20for%20COVID%2D19%20suggests%20that%20SARS%2DCoV,to%20be%20handled%20by%20humans. Accessed August 16, 2020.
  • 7. Kang SJ, Jung SI. Age-Related Morbidity and Mortality among Patients with COVID-19. Infect Chemother 2020;52(2):154-164. https://doi.org/10.3947/ic.2020.52.2.154
  • 8. COVID-19 Coronavirus Pandemic. Avaliable at: https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/?. Accessed July 31,2020.
  • 9. Cesari M, Proietti M. COVID-19 in Italy: ageism and decision making in a pandemic. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2020;21:576–577. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2020.03.025
  • 10. Gini Coefficient By Country 2020. Avaliable at: https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/gini-coefficient-by-country. Accessed August 15, 2020.
  • 11. The World Bank. Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS. Accessed August 29, 2020.
  • 12. Google Developers Public Data. Available at: https://developers.google.com/public-data/docs/canonical/countries_csv. Accessed July 31, 2020.
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  • 17. Hiscott J, Alexandridi M, Muscolini M. et al. The global impact of the coronavirus pandemic. Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews 2020;53:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.05.010
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  • 19. Hewitt J, Carter B, Vilches-Moraga A. et al. The effect of frailty on survival in patients with COVID-19 (COPE): a multicentre, European, observational cohort study. The Lancet Public Health 2020;5(8):e444–e451. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30146-8
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  • 21. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/covid_weekly/index.htm#AgeAndSex. Accessed August 25, 2020.
  • 22. Williamson EJ, Walker AJ, Bhaskaran K. et al. Factors associated with COVID-19-related death using OpenSAFELY. Nature. 2020;584(7821):430-436. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2521-4
  • 23. World Health Organization. Estimating mortality from COVID-19. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/commentaries/detail/estimating-mortality-from-covid-19. Accessed August 25, 2020.
  • 24. Chennakesavulu K, Reddy GR. (2020). The effect of latitude and PM2.5 on spreading of SARS-CoV-2 in tropical and temperate zone countries. Environ Pollut 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115176
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Public Health, Environmental Health
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Ceren Oğuz 0000-0002-6510-3487

Özgür Sevinç 0000-0002-3231-8123

Erkan Barış 0000-0001-9198-7725

Publication Date July 1, 2021
Submission Date September 24, 2020
Acceptance Date March 3, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 14 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Oğuz, C., Sevinç, Ö., & Barış, E. (2021). Dünya genelinde COVID-19 pandemisi yaygınlığı ile ilişkili faktörlere yönelik bir ekolojik çalışma. Pamukkale Medical Journal, 14(3), 574-583. https://doi.org/10.31362/patd.799159
AMA Oğuz C, Sevinç Ö, Barış E. Dünya genelinde COVID-19 pandemisi yaygınlığı ile ilişkili faktörlere yönelik bir ekolojik çalışma. Pam Med J. July 2021;14(3):574-583. doi:10.31362/patd.799159
Chicago Oğuz, Ceren, Özgür Sevinç, and Erkan Barış. “Dünya Genelinde COVID-19 Pandemisi yaygınlığı Ile ilişkili faktörlere yönelik Bir Ekolojik çalışma”. Pamukkale Medical Journal 14, no. 3 (July 2021): 574-83. https://doi.org/10.31362/patd.799159.
EndNote Oğuz C, Sevinç Ö, Barış E (July 1, 2021) Dünya genelinde COVID-19 pandemisi yaygınlığı ile ilişkili faktörlere yönelik bir ekolojik çalışma. Pamukkale Medical Journal 14 3 574–583.
IEEE C. Oğuz, Ö. Sevinç, and E. Barış, “Dünya genelinde COVID-19 pandemisi yaygınlığı ile ilişkili faktörlere yönelik bir ekolojik çalışma”, Pam Med J, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 574–583, 2021, doi: 10.31362/patd.799159.
ISNAD Oğuz, Ceren et al. “Dünya Genelinde COVID-19 Pandemisi yaygınlığı Ile ilişkili faktörlere yönelik Bir Ekolojik çalışma”. Pamukkale Medical Journal 14/3 (July 2021), 574-583. https://doi.org/10.31362/patd.799159.
JAMA Oğuz C, Sevinç Ö, Barış E. Dünya genelinde COVID-19 pandemisi yaygınlığı ile ilişkili faktörlere yönelik bir ekolojik çalışma. Pam Med J. 2021;14:574–583.
MLA Oğuz, Ceren et al. “Dünya Genelinde COVID-19 Pandemisi yaygınlığı Ile ilişkili faktörlere yönelik Bir Ekolojik çalışma”. Pamukkale Medical Journal, vol. 14, no. 3, 2021, pp. 574-83, doi:10.31362/patd.799159.
Vancouver Oğuz C, Sevinç Ö, Barış E. Dünya genelinde COVID-19 pandemisi yaygınlığı ile ilişkili faktörlere yönelik bir ekolojik çalışma. Pam Med J. 2021;14(3):574-83.

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