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Year 2016, , 31 - 46, 01.01.2016
https://doi.org/10.17220/ijpes.2016.01.003

Abstract

References

  • Abushibab, I. (2014). An Analysis of Grammatical Errors in Writing Made by Turkish Learners of English as a Foreign Language, International Journal of Linguistics, 6(4), 213-223. Doi:10.5296/ijl.v6i4.6190
  • Ahmadi, M. R., Ismail, H. N. & Abdullah, M. K. K. (2012). Improving Vocabulary Learning in Foreign Language Learning Through Reciprocal Teaching Strategy, International Journal of Learning & Development. 2(6) 186-201. Doi:10.5296/ijld.v2i6.2882
  • Akbari, Z. (2015). Current challenges in teaching/learning English for EFL learners: The case of junior high school and high school. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Science, 199, 394 – 401 . Doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.07.524
  • Al-Khairy, M. (2013). English as a Foreign Language Learning Demotivational Factors as Perceived by Saudi Undergraduates. European Scientific Journal, 9(32), 365-382.
  • Alidoost, Y., Paknejad, M., Toulabi, A. R., Mirchenari, A. N., & Nokarizi, H. (2014). The Impact of Iranian Learner Parental Socio-Economic Status on Learning English as a Foreign Language. International Journal of Innovation and Research in Educational Sciences, 1(2), 44-52.
  • Atchade, M. P. (2002). The Impact of Learners’ Attitudes on Second or Foreign Language Learning. Revue du Cames – Serie B, 4, 45-50.
  • Başıbek, N., Dolmacı, M., Cengiz, B. C., Bür, B, Dilek, Y. & Karaf, B. (2014). Lecturers’ Perceptions of English Medium Instruction at Engineering Departments of Higher Education: A Study on Partial English Medium Instruction at Some State Universities in Turkey. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 116, 1819 – 1825.Doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.477
  • Bayraktaroğlu, S. (2008). Orthographic Interference and Teaching of British Pronunciation to Turkish. Learners Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 4(2) 1-36.
  • Baytur, B. & Razı, S. (2015). The Characteristics of Effective EFL Teachers from the Perspective of Turkish EFL Learners. International Journal of Human Behavioral Science, 1(2), 1-9.
  • Bekleyen, N. (2011) Pronunciation Problems of the Turkish EFL Learners. Electronic Journal of Social Sciences, 10(36), 94-107.
  • Bensoussan, M., Sim, D. & Weiss, R. (1984). The effect of dictionary usage on EFL test performances compared with students and teacher attitudes and expectations. Reading in a Foreign Language, 2(2), 262-276.
  • Crivos, M. B., & Luchini, P. L. (2012). A pedagogical proposal for teaching grammar using consciousness- raising tasks. MJAL, 4(3), 141-153.
  • Çelik, S., Arkın, E. & Sabriler, D. (2012). EFL learners’ use of ICT for self-regulated learning. The Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 8(2), 98-118.
  • Çelik, S., Arıkan, A., and Caner, M. (2013). In the Eyes of Turkish EFL Learners: What Makes an Effective Foreign Language Teacher? Porta Linguarum 20, 287-297.
  • Çelik, S. & Toptaş, V. (2010). Vocabulary learning strategy use of Turkish EFL learners. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 3, 62–71. Doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.07.013
  • Çetinkaya, Y. B. (2009). Language of others: EFL students’ perception of and Attitude towards English. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 18(1), 109–120.
  • Cui, J. (2011). Research on High School Students’ English Learning Anxiety. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 2(4), 875-880. Doi:10.4304/jltr.2.4.875-880
  • Demir, Y. (2013). The Role of In-class Vocabulary Strategies in Vocabulary Retention of Turkish EFL Learners. Elementary Education Online, 12(4), 1173-1187.
  • Demircioğlu, M. (2013). Pronunciation Problems for Turkish learners in articulating of diphthongs in English learning. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 106, 2983-2992. Doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.344
  • Edvardsdóttir, E. (2010). Popular and useful learning strategies in language acquisition amongst teenagers. (Bachelor Education thesis, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland).
  • Falout, J., Elwood, J. & Hood, M. (2009). Demotivation: Affective states and learning outcomes. System, 37(3), 403–417. Doi: 10.1016/j.system.2009.03.004
  • Gardner, R.C. (2006). The socio-educational model of second language acquisition: A research paradigm, EUROSLA Yearbook, 6, 237-260.
  • Geylanioğlu, S. & Dikilitaş, K. (2012). Pronunciation Errors of Turkish Learners of English: Conceptualization Theory as a Teaching Method. The Journal of Language Teaching and Learning, 2(1), 38-50.
  • Ghrib, E. M. (2004). Secondary school students’ perceptions of learning difficulties and strategies. Reading Matrix, 4(2), 63-84.
  • Gilakjani, A. P. (2011). A Study on the Situation of Pronunciation Instruction in ESL/EFL Classrooms. Journal of Studies in Education, 1(1), 1-15. Doi:10.5296/jse.v1i1.924
  • Griffiths, C. (2015). What have we learnt from ‘good language learners’? ELT Journal, 69(4), 425-433. Doi: 10.1093/elt/ccv040
  • Gürata, A. (2008). The Grammar Learning Strategies Employed By Turkish University Preparatory School EFL Students. (Unpublished Master’s thesis, Bilkent University, Ankara).
  • Haznedar, B. (2010). Türkiye’de Yabancı Dil Eğitimi: Reformlar, Yönelimler ve Öğretmenlerimiz, International Conference on New Trends in Education and Their Implications.
  • Işık, A. (2008). Yabancı dil eğitimimizdeki yanlışlar nereden kaynaklanıyor? Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 4(2), 16-26.
  • Jahan, N. (2011). Teaching and Learning Pronunciation in ESL/EFL Classes of Bangladesh. Journal of Education and Practice, 2(3), 36-45.
  • Karahan, F. (2007). Language attitudes of Turkish students towards the English language and its use in Turkish context. Journal of Arts and Sciences.7, 73-87.
  • Kayaoğlu, M. N. & Sağlamel, H. (2013). Students’ Perceptions of Language Anxiety in Speaking Classes. Journal of History Culture and Art Research, 2(2), 142-160. Doi: 10.7596/taksad.v2i2.245
  • Kesmez, A. (2014). An analysis of the L1 interference errors of Turkish university students in their written productions. The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies, 34(28), 395-402. Doi: 10.9761/JASSS2791
  • Khalilzadeh, A. (2014). Phonetic and Non-Phonetic Languages: A Contrastive Study of English and Turkish Phonology Focusing On the Orthography-Induced Pronunciation Problems of Turkish Learners of English as a Foreign Language (Turkish EFL Learners). International Journal of Languages’ Education and Teaching, 2, 1-16.
  • Khan, I. A. (2011). An Analysis of Learning Barriers: The Saudi Arabian Context. International Education Studies, 4(1), 242-247.
  • Kırkgöz, Y. (2009). Globalization and English Language Policy in Turkey. Educational Policy, 23(5), 663-684. Doi:10.1177/0895904808316319
  • Kırkgöz, Y. (2014). Students’ perceptions of English language versus Turkish language used as the medium of instruction in higher education in Turkey. International periodical for the languages, literature and history of Turkish or Turkic, 9 (12), 443-459.
  • Kocaman, O., & Cumaoğlu, G., K. (2014). Developing a Scale for Vocabulary Learning Strategies in Foreign Languages. Education and Science, 39(176), 293-303. Doi:10.15390/eb.2014.3611
  • Kocaman, O., & Cumaoğlu, G., K. (2014). The Effect of Educational Software (DENIS) and Games on Vocabulary Learning Strategies and Achievement. Education and Science, 39(176), 305-316. Doi:10.15390/EB.2014.3704
  • Mede, E., Tutal, C., Ayaz, D., Çalışır, K. N., Akın, Ş. (2014). The Effects of Language Transfer in Turkish EFL Learners. International Association of Research in Foreign Language Education and Applied Linguistics ELT Research Journal, 3(2), 70-83.
  • Meshkat, M. & Hassani, M. (2012). Demotivating Factors in Learning English: The Case of Iran. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 31, 745–749. Doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.12.134
  • Mustafa, H.H., Rashid, M. A., Atmowardoyo, H. & Dollah, S. (2015). Students’ Attitudinal Factors in Learning English as a Foreign Language. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 6(6), 1187-1194. Doi: 10.17507/jltr.0606.05
  • Oxford, R. L. (1994). Language learning strategies: An update. ERIC Digest.
  • Oxford, R. L. (2002). Language Learning Strategies in a Nutshell: Update and ESL Suggestions. In: Jack C. Richards and Willy A. Renandya (eds.) Methodology in Language Teaching. pp. 124-132. [Online]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Öztürk, G. & Gürbüz, N. (2014). Speaking anxiety among Turkish EFL learners: The case at a state university. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 10(1), 1-17.
  • Richards, J. C. & Reppen, R. (2014). Towards a Pedagogy of Grammar Instruction. RELC Journal, 45(1), 5 –25. Doi: 10.1177/0033688214522622
  • Salameh, W. (2012). The Impact of Social and Economic Factors on Students’ English Language Performance in EFL Classrooms in Dubai Public Secondary Schools. (Unpublished Master’s thesis, The British University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates).
  • Sawir, E. (2005). Language difficulties of international students in Australia: The effects of prior learning experience. International Education Journal, 6(5), 567-580.
  • Sidek, H.M. & Rahim, H. A. (2015). The Role of Vocabulary Knowledge in Reading Comprehension: A Cross- Linguistic Study. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 197, 50 – 56. Doi:10.1016/J.Sbspro.2015.07.046
  • Stein, G. (1989). EFL dictionaries, the teacher and the student. Jalt Journal, 11(1), 36-45.
  • Subaşı, G. (2014). Vocabulary Learning Beliefs and Strategies of Turkish ELT Students. Online International Journal of Arts and Humanities, 3(7), 91-104.
  • Takač, V. P. (2008). Factors Affecting Vocabulary Learning and Acquisition. Vocabulary Learning Strategies and Foreign Language Acquisition. Multilingual Matters.
  • Ur. P, (2013). Language-teaching method revisited. ELT Journal 67(4), 468–74. Doi: 10.1093/elt/cct041
  • Wu, L. F. (2013). A study of factors affecting college students’ use of ESL vocabulary learning strategies, International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 3(19), 202-208.
  • Zhang, F. & Yin, P. (2009). A Study of Pronunciation Problems of English Learners in China. Asian Social Science, 5(6) 141-146. Doi: 10.5539/ass.v5n6p141
  • Zhu, B. & Zhou, Y. (2012). A Study on Students’ Affective Factors in Junior High School English Teaching. English Language Teaching, 5(7), 33-41. Doi:10.5539/elt.v5n7p33

Barriers Experienced by Middle School Students in the Process of Learning English

Year 2016, , 31 - 46, 01.01.2016
https://doi.org/10.17220/ijpes.2016.01.003

Abstract

English has gained a significant role in technological, business, economic or political areas and has been a part of educational policies in different countries. However, many learners of English have difficulties in learning and using the language effectively due to a number of reasons. Accordingly, a descriptive study was conducted in order to investigate what kind of foreign language English learning problems the middle school students experience in Turkey. A total of 164 92 female and 72 male middle school students 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th grade in 4 public schools in Sakarya, Turkey participated in the study. The data were collected through an open-ended question and semi-structured interviews. The collected data were analyzed and coded thematically. The results have indicated that middle school students mostly face linguistic, instructional, affective barriers as well as lack of assistance and useful resource. Considering the findings, some possible reasons and suggestions were also provided to help teachers and learners overcome the relevant barriers in learning English as a foreign language EFL in Turkey

References

  • Abushibab, I. (2014). An Analysis of Grammatical Errors in Writing Made by Turkish Learners of English as a Foreign Language, International Journal of Linguistics, 6(4), 213-223. Doi:10.5296/ijl.v6i4.6190
  • Ahmadi, M. R., Ismail, H. N. & Abdullah, M. K. K. (2012). Improving Vocabulary Learning in Foreign Language Learning Through Reciprocal Teaching Strategy, International Journal of Learning & Development. 2(6) 186-201. Doi:10.5296/ijld.v2i6.2882
  • Akbari, Z. (2015). Current challenges in teaching/learning English for EFL learners: The case of junior high school and high school. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Science, 199, 394 – 401 . Doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.07.524
  • Al-Khairy, M. (2013). English as a Foreign Language Learning Demotivational Factors as Perceived by Saudi Undergraduates. European Scientific Journal, 9(32), 365-382.
  • Alidoost, Y., Paknejad, M., Toulabi, A. R., Mirchenari, A. N., & Nokarizi, H. (2014). The Impact of Iranian Learner Parental Socio-Economic Status on Learning English as a Foreign Language. International Journal of Innovation and Research in Educational Sciences, 1(2), 44-52.
  • Atchade, M. P. (2002). The Impact of Learners’ Attitudes on Second or Foreign Language Learning. Revue du Cames – Serie B, 4, 45-50.
  • Başıbek, N., Dolmacı, M., Cengiz, B. C., Bür, B, Dilek, Y. & Karaf, B. (2014). Lecturers’ Perceptions of English Medium Instruction at Engineering Departments of Higher Education: A Study on Partial English Medium Instruction at Some State Universities in Turkey. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 116, 1819 – 1825.Doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.477
  • Bayraktaroğlu, S. (2008). Orthographic Interference and Teaching of British Pronunciation to Turkish. Learners Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 4(2) 1-36.
  • Baytur, B. & Razı, S. (2015). The Characteristics of Effective EFL Teachers from the Perspective of Turkish EFL Learners. International Journal of Human Behavioral Science, 1(2), 1-9.
  • Bekleyen, N. (2011) Pronunciation Problems of the Turkish EFL Learners. Electronic Journal of Social Sciences, 10(36), 94-107.
  • Bensoussan, M., Sim, D. & Weiss, R. (1984). The effect of dictionary usage on EFL test performances compared with students and teacher attitudes and expectations. Reading in a Foreign Language, 2(2), 262-276.
  • Crivos, M. B., & Luchini, P. L. (2012). A pedagogical proposal for teaching grammar using consciousness- raising tasks. MJAL, 4(3), 141-153.
  • Çelik, S., Arkın, E. & Sabriler, D. (2012). EFL learners’ use of ICT for self-regulated learning. The Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 8(2), 98-118.
  • Çelik, S., Arıkan, A., and Caner, M. (2013). In the Eyes of Turkish EFL Learners: What Makes an Effective Foreign Language Teacher? Porta Linguarum 20, 287-297.
  • Çelik, S. & Toptaş, V. (2010). Vocabulary learning strategy use of Turkish EFL learners. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 3, 62–71. Doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.07.013
  • Çetinkaya, Y. B. (2009). Language of others: EFL students’ perception of and Attitude towards English. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 18(1), 109–120.
  • Cui, J. (2011). Research on High School Students’ English Learning Anxiety. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 2(4), 875-880. Doi:10.4304/jltr.2.4.875-880
  • Demir, Y. (2013). The Role of In-class Vocabulary Strategies in Vocabulary Retention of Turkish EFL Learners. Elementary Education Online, 12(4), 1173-1187.
  • Demircioğlu, M. (2013). Pronunciation Problems for Turkish learners in articulating of diphthongs in English learning. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 106, 2983-2992. Doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.344
  • Edvardsdóttir, E. (2010). Popular and useful learning strategies in language acquisition amongst teenagers. (Bachelor Education thesis, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland).
  • Falout, J., Elwood, J. & Hood, M. (2009). Demotivation: Affective states and learning outcomes. System, 37(3), 403–417. Doi: 10.1016/j.system.2009.03.004
  • Gardner, R.C. (2006). The socio-educational model of second language acquisition: A research paradigm, EUROSLA Yearbook, 6, 237-260.
  • Geylanioğlu, S. & Dikilitaş, K. (2012). Pronunciation Errors of Turkish Learners of English: Conceptualization Theory as a Teaching Method. The Journal of Language Teaching and Learning, 2(1), 38-50.
  • Ghrib, E. M. (2004). Secondary school students’ perceptions of learning difficulties and strategies. Reading Matrix, 4(2), 63-84.
  • Gilakjani, A. P. (2011). A Study on the Situation of Pronunciation Instruction in ESL/EFL Classrooms. Journal of Studies in Education, 1(1), 1-15. Doi:10.5296/jse.v1i1.924
  • Griffiths, C. (2015). What have we learnt from ‘good language learners’? ELT Journal, 69(4), 425-433. Doi: 10.1093/elt/ccv040
  • Gürata, A. (2008). The Grammar Learning Strategies Employed By Turkish University Preparatory School EFL Students. (Unpublished Master’s thesis, Bilkent University, Ankara).
  • Haznedar, B. (2010). Türkiye’de Yabancı Dil Eğitimi: Reformlar, Yönelimler ve Öğretmenlerimiz, International Conference on New Trends in Education and Their Implications.
  • Işık, A. (2008). Yabancı dil eğitimimizdeki yanlışlar nereden kaynaklanıyor? Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 4(2), 16-26.
  • Jahan, N. (2011). Teaching and Learning Pronunciation in ESL/EFL Classes of Bangladesh. Journal of Education and Practice, 2(3), 36-45.
  • Karahan, F. (2007). Language attitudes of Turkish students towards the English language and its use in Turkish context. Journal of Arts and Sciences.7, 73-87.
  • Kayaoğlu, M. N. & Sağlamel, H. (2013). Students’ Perceptions of Language Anxiety in Speaking Classes. Journal of History Culture and Art Research, 2(2), 142-160. Doi: 10.7596/taksad.v2i2.245
  • Kesmez, A. (2014). An analysis of the L1 interference errors of Turkish university students in their written productions. The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies, 34(28), 395-402. Doi: 10.9761/JASSS2791
  • Khalilzadeh, A. (2014). Phonetic and Non-Phonetic Languages: A Contrastive Study of English and Turkish Phonology Focusing On the Orthography-Induced Pronunciation Problems of Turkish Learners of English as a Foreign Language (Turkish EFL Learners). International Journal of Languages’ Education and Teaching, 2, 1-16.
  • Khan, I. A. (2011). An Analysis of Learning Barriers: The Saudi Arabian Context. International Education Studies, 4(1), 242-247.
  • Kırkgöz, Y. (2009). Globalization and English Language Policy in Turkey. Educational Policy, 23(5), 663-684. Doi:10.1177/0895904808316319
  • Kırkgöz, Y. (2014). Students’ perceptions of English language versus Turkish language used as the medium of instruction in higher education in Turkey. International periodical for the languages, literature and history of Turkish or Turkic, 9 (12), 443-459.
  • Kocaman, O., & Cumaoğlu, G., K. (2014). Developing a Scale for Vocabulary Learning Strategies in Foreign Languages. Education and Science, 39(176), 293-303. Doi:10.15390/eb.2014.3611
  • Kocaman, O., & Cumaoğlu, G., K. (2014). The Effect of Educational Software (DENIS) and Games on Vocabulary Learning Strategies and Achievement. Education and Science, 39(176), 305-316. Doi:10.15390/EB.2014.3704
  • Mede, E., Tutal, C., Ayaz, D., Çalışır, K. N., Akın, Ş. (2014). The Effects of Language Transfer in Turkish EFL Learners. International Association of Research in Foreign Language Education and Applied Linguistics ELT Research Journal, 3(2), 70-83.
  • Meshkat, M. & Hassani, M. (2012). Demotivating Factors in Learning English: The Case of Iran. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 31, 745–749. Doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.12.134
  • Mustafa, H.H., Rashid, M. A., Atmowardoyo, H. & Dollah, S. (2015). Students’ Attitudinal Factors in Learning English as a Foreign Language. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 6(6), 1187-1194. Doi: 10.17507/jltr.0606.05
  • Oxford, R. L. (1994). Language learning strategies: An update. ERIC Digest.
  • Oxford, R. L. (2002). Language Learning Strategies in a Nutshell: Update and ESL Suggestions. In: Jack C. Richards and Willy A. Renandya (eds.) Methodology in Language Teaching. pp. 124-132. [Online]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Öztürk, G. & Gürbüz, N. (2014). Speaking anxiety among Turkish EFL learners: The case at a state university. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 10(1), 1-17.
  • Richards, J. C. & Reppen, R. (2014). Towards a Pedagogy of Grammar Instruction. RELC Journal, 45(1), 5 –25. Doi: 10.1177/0033688214522622
  • Salameh, W. (2012). The Impact of Social and Economic Factors on Students’ English Language Performance in EFL Classrooms in Dubai Public Secondary Schools. (Unpublished Master’s thesis, The British University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates).
  • Sawir, E. (2005). Language difficulties of international students in Australia: The effects of prior learning experience. International Education Journal, 6(5), 567-580.
  • Sidek, H.M. & Rahim, H. A. (2015). The Role of Vocabulary Knowledge in Reading Comprehension: A Cross- Linguistic Study. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 197, 50 – 56. Doi:10.1016/J.Sbspro.2015.07.046
  • Stein, G. (1989). EFL dictionaries, the teacher and the student. Jalt Journal, 11(1), 36-45.
  • Subaşı, G. (2014). Vocabulary Learning Beliefs and Strategies of Turkish ELT Students. Online International Journal of Arts and Humanities, 3(7), 91-104.
  • Takač, V. P. (2008). Factors Affecting Vocabulary Learning and Acquisition. Vocabulary Learning Strategies and Foreign Language Acquisition. Multilingual Matters.
  • Ur. P, (2013). Language-teaching method revisited. ELT Journal 67(4), 468–74. Doi: 10.1093/elt/cct041
  • Wu, L. F. (2013). A study of factors affecting college students’ use of ESL vocabulary learning strategies, International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 3(19), 202-208.
  • Zhang, F. & Yin, P. (2009). A Study of Pronunciation Problems of English Learners in China. Asian Social Science, 5(6) 141-146. Doi: 10.5539/ass.v5n6p141
  • Zhu, B. & Zhou, Y. (2012). A Study on Students’ Affective Factors in Junior High School English Teaching. English Language Teaching, 5(7), 33-41. Doi:10.5539/elt.v5n7p33
There are 56 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Özlem Çelik This is me

Orhan Kocaman This is me

Publication Date January 1, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016

Cite

APA Çelik, Ö., & Kocaman, O. (2016). Barriers Experienced by Middle School Students in the Process of Learning English. International Journal of Psychology and Educational Studies, 3(1), 31-46. https://doi.org/10.17220/ijpes.2016.01.003