Management of Anger with Anger Reversal Technique among School Going Adolescents

Abstract

An experimental investigation was attempted to examine the effectiveness of Anger Reversal Technique to manage anger among adolescent school students. One group pretest post test experimental design was adopted. Speilberger’s State Anger Scale was administered to assess the level of anger. A random sample of 52 male and 48 female adolescents were drawn from a selected higher secondary school located in Gondar Town, Ethiopia. Selected participants were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Anger reversal technique was administered for a period of 45 minutes/day for 45 consecutive days. A post test was conducted to ascertain the efficacy of anger reversal technique. Repeated measures ANOVA was worked out with SPSS 17 version. The result revealed that there is a significant decrease in the level of anger after anger reversal technique among adolescent students. Therefore, this intervention technique is effective in managing anger it can be adopted and employed to control anger among school students.

Keywords

• efficacy,anger,anger reversal technique,adolescence,school students

References

1. Arefi, M. (1999). Study of relational aggression and the association of it with emotional-social adjustment of elementary Psychology and Educational Sciences, Shiraz University.
2. Averill, A. (1982). Anger and Aggression. An essay on emotion. NewYork: Springer-Verlag.
3. Benson, B., Johnson-Rice, C., & Miranti, S. V. (1986). Effects of anger management training with mentally retarded adults in group treatment. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 54, 728-729.
4. Burns, M., Bird, D., Leach, C., & Higgins, K. (2003). Anger management training: the effects of structured program on the self-reported anger experience of forensic inpatients with learning disability. Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing. 10, 569-577. doi:10.1046/j.1365- 2850.2003.00653.x
5. Brondolo, E. (1997). Exposure based treatment for anger related Problems: Focus on the feeling. Cognitive and Behavioural Practice, 4, 75-98.
6. Black, L., & Novaco, R. W. (1993). Treatment of anger with a developmentally handicapped man. In R. A. Wells, and V. J. Giannetti (Eds.) Casebook of the brief psychotherapies (pp. 143-158). New York: Plenum Pub. Corp.
7. Catherine A. Turcotte-Seabury. (2010). Anger Management and the Process mediating the Link between Witnessing Violence between Parents and Partner Violence. Violence and Victims, 25(3), 306-318. doi: 10.1891/0886-6708.25.3.306
8. Daniel, S., Goldston, D., Erkanli, A., Franklin, J., & Mayfield, A. (2009). Trait anger, anger expression, and suicide attempts among adolescents and young adults: a prospective study. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 38(5), 661-671. doi: 10.1080/15374410903103494

9. Deffenbacher, J., Lynch, R., Oetting, E., & Kemper, C. (1996). Anger reduction in early adolescents, Journal of Counseling Psychology, 43(2), 149-157.
10. Edmondson, C. B., & Conger, J. C. (1996). A review of treatment efficacy for individuals with anger problems: Conceptual, assessment and methodological issues. Clinical Psychology Review, 16, 251–75.
11. Foumany, G. H. E., & Slelahi, J. (2013). The Effects of Anger Management Skills Training on Aggression, Social Adjustment, and Mental Health of College Students. Journal of Educational and Management Studies, 3(4), 266-270.
12. Feindler, E. L., Marriot, S. A., & Iwata, M. (1984). Group anger control for junior high school delinquents. Cognitive Therapy & Research, 8(3), 299-311.
13. Ganesan, V., and Ganesan, G. (1985). Anger Reversal Technique. Unpublished paper, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore.
14. Ganesan, V. (1985). Development of Anger reversal technique. An unpublished Dept. of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore-46, India.
15. Herrmann, S., & Mcwhirter, G. (2002). Anger and aggression management in young adolescents. Available at
16. www.india.edu,scfech, anger managment.pdf. Accessed 16 May.
17. Institute of Education Sciences (n.d.). Fast facts. National Center for Educational Statistics. Retrieved from: http://nces.ed.gov/fastfacts/display.asp?id=49.
18. Kassinove, H. (eds). (1995). Anger Disorders: Definition, diagnosis and Treatment, Taylor and Francis, Philadelphia.
19. Kellner, M. & Tutin, G. (1995). A school-based anger management for developmentally disabled high school students. Adolescents, 5(6), 48-49.
20. Lollis, C. M., Johnson, E. H., Antoni, M. H., and Hinkle, Y. (1996). Characteristics of African-Americans with multiple risk factors associated with HIV/AIDS. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 19(1), 55-71.
21. Maleki, S. (2006). Effect of group skills training of anger management on adolescent's aggression in Karaj region. Nurse Management Master's thesis, University of Tehran.
22. Mohan, V., & Bedi, S. (2010). Extraversion, Neuroticism, Anger and Self-Esteem of HIV Positive Youth. The Journal of Behavioral Science, 5(1), 60-74.
23. Mohan, V. (2003). Developing skills: self-awareness, decision making, interpersonal, values analysis and clarification. In B. Prakash (Ed.). Adolescence and life skills, (pp. 190-209). Common Wealth Youth Program, Asian Center, Common wealth Secretariat. New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill.
24. Mohammadi, S. (2006). The effectiveness of anger management training on lessening violence patterns in couples relationships, those who referred to the dispute resolution in Qazvin. Master's thesis, Tarbiat Moallem University of Tehran, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences.
25. Murphy, G., & Clare, I. (1991). MIETS: A service option for people with mild mental handicaps and challenging behaviour or psychiatric problems: II. Assessment, treatment, and outcome for service users and service effectiveness. Mental Handicap Research, 4(2), 180-206.
26. Navis. S. B. (2012). Causes and Effects of Adolescent Anger. A Capstone Project in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Masters of Science Degree in Professional Development at Winona State University.
27. Navidi, A. (2006). Effects of anger management training on adjustment, self-regulation, and general health in adolescents of 15 to 18 years old. PhD thesis, University of Allameh Tabatabaii, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences.
28. Novaco, R. W. (1976). The functions and regulation of the arousal of anger. American Journal of Psychiatry, 133, 1124-1128.
29. Puskar, K., Bernardo, L., Haley, T., & Hetager Stark, K. (2008). Anger correlated with Psycho-social variables in rural youth. Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing, 31, 71-87. doi: 10.1080/01460860802023513
30. Rafez, Z. (2004). Effect of anger control training on aggression in 15 to 18 year old high school girls in Tehran. Clinical psychology Rehabilitation.
31. master's thesis, Tehran University of Social Welfare and
32. Rose, J. (1996). Anger management: A group treatment program for people with mental retardations. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 8(2), 133-150.
33. Scherwitz, L., & Rugulies, R. (1992). Lifestyle and hostility. In H. Friedman (Eds). Hostility, Coping and Health. (pp.77-98). Washington, D.C: American Psychological Association.
34. Spielberger, C. D., Jacobs, G., Russell, S., & Crane, R. (1983). Assessment of anger: The State-Trait Anger Scale. In J. N. Butcher and C. D. Spielberger (Eds.), In Advances in Personality Assessment, 2, 159-187. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
35. Spielberger, C. D., Jacobs, G., Russell, S., & Crane, R. (1983). Assessment of anger: The State-Trait Anger Scale. In J. N. Butcher and C. D. Spielberger (Eds.), In Advances in Personality Assessment, 2, 159-187. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
36. Spielberger, C. D. (1988). Manual for the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI). Tampa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
37. Taylor, J. L., Novaco, R.W., Gillmer, B., & Thorne, I., (2004). Assessment of anger and aggression in male offenders with developmental disabilities. Psychological Assessment, 16, 42-50. doi: 10.1037/1040- 3590.16.1.42