Emperor Hadrian’s Reconstruction Projects in Mysia and Bithynia

Year 2016, Volume: Suppl. 1, 403 - 417, 31.08.2016

Onur Gülbay

Abstract

Under Hadrian the empire
had its economic, military and political heyday. The emperor undertook many construction
and development activities through the empire. Mysia and Bithynia, where he
often went hunting, attracted his particular attention. In Mysia he founded
four cities named after him. Nowhere else in the empire can be found in such
close proximity to one another so many cities named after this emperor. Hadrian
adopted the cult of Zeus as if it were a cult of his own person and endeavoured
to spread it in the region, giving the title neokoros to Nikaia and Kyzi­kos.
He founded the cult of Antinous and began to spread it from said area. He also
gave aid to cities damaged by earthquakes, numerous buildings were repaired or
reconstructed thanks to him. As a result of these activities Hadrian was honoured
by the cities of the region with the titles of restitutor and conservator. Without
interfering with the local administrative systems, the emperor brought about
the Romanization of the Mysian and Bithynian regions and ensured their
development.

Keywords

Hadrian, cult of Antinous, Romanization, restitutor, conservator

İmparator Hadrianus’un Mysia ve Bithynia’da İmar Projeleri

Abstract

Hadrianus Devri,
imparatorluğun ekonomik, askeri ve siyasi anlamda en güçlü olduğu dönemdi. İm­pa­rator
bu gücü bütün Roma İmparatorluğu’nun daha mamur bir hale getirilip gelişmesinde
kullanmıştır. Avlanmak için sık sık geldiği Mysia ve Bithynia toprakları onun
özel olarak ilgisini çekmiş ve burasıyla diğer bölgelere nazaran daha fazla
ilgilenmiştir. Mysia’da kendi adıyla anılan dört kent kurdurması bunun açık
göstergesidir. Yapılan araştırmalarda imparatorluk sınırları içerisinde hiçbir
yerde, birbir­lerine bu kadar yakın olup imparatorun adıyla anılan başka kent
grubu bulunmamaktadır. Nikaia ve Kyzi­kos’a neokor unvanlarının verilmesini
sağlayan imparator, Zeus kültünü sanki kendi kültü gibi sa­hip­lenerek bölgede
yaymaya çalışmıştır. Ayrıca, kurulmasına bizzat ön ayak olduğu Anti­nous
kültünü yay­maya bu bölgeden başlamıştır. Bunun dışında depremlerin yıktığı kentlerin
onarıl­masını sağlamış, bir­çok yapı onun sayesinde onarılmış ya da yeniden
inşa edilmiştir. Bu icraatları sonucunda bölge kent­leri tarafından Restitutor ve
Conservator unvanlarıyla da onurlandırılmıştır. İmpa­rator M.S. 2. yüzyılın başın­da
yerel yönetim sistemlerine müdahale etmeden Mysia ve Bithynia bölge­lerinin
Roma­nizas­yo­nunu gerçekleştirip kalkınmalarını sağlamıştır.

Keywords

Hadrianus, Antinous Kültü, Romalılaşma, restitutor, conservator

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