Şanlıurfa Adli Tıp Şube Müdürlüğünde Ateşli Silah Yaralanması Sonucu Öldüğü Belirlenen 18 Yaş Altı Olguların İncelenmesi

Abstract

Amaç: Türkiye’de nadir görülen ancak son yıllarda yaygınlaşan ateşli silah yaralanmalarına bağlı çocuk ölümlerinde; otopsisi yapılan vakalarda sosyodemografik, klinik ve olay yeri bilgilerini incelemeyi amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Adli Tıp Kurumu Şanlıurfa Şube Müdürlüğü’nde 1 Ocak 2013-1 Ocak 2023 tarihleri arasında ateşli silah yaralanması sonucu otopsisi yapılan 18 yaş altı 58 vaka belirlendi. Çocukların hastane dosyaları, otopsi raporları, otopsi fotoğrafları ve videoları, vücuttan alınan örneklerin kimyasal analiz raporları, histopatolojik inceleme raporları, olay yeri raporları, tanık-sanık ifadeleri ve bilirkişi raporları geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Çalışmada elde edilen veriler, IBM SPSS Statistics vn 20.0 yazılımı kullanılarak istatistiksel olarak analiz edildi. Bulgular: Türkiye’nin çocuk nüfus oranının ve çocuk ölüm hızının en yüksek olduğu Şanlıurfa’da, ateşli silah yaralanması sonucu ölen çocukların; yaş ortalaması 12.78±4.63 olup %70.7’si erkekti. Ölümlerin %50’si pandemi döneminde (2020-2021) olup, ölümler en sık kışın (%31), kırsal bölgede (%81), ev içinde (%60.4) yaralanma sonucu meydana gelmişti. Yaralanmaların sıklıkla kısa namlulu silahla (%56.9) tek atışta en sık baş-boyun bölgesinden (%48.2) bitişik atış mesafesinden (%37.9) kasıtsız yaralanma (%50) sonucu gerçekleştiği ve tıbbi müdahale sonrasında (%63.8) ölümle sonuçlandığı belirlendi. Sonuç: Ülkemizde mortalitesi yüksek çocuk ateşli silah yaralanmaları ile ilgili kısıtlı çalışmaların arttırılmalıdır. Ergenlik döneminde meydana gelen ateşli silah yaralanması sonucu ölümlerde psikolojik otopsiler yapılarak intiharlar azaltılabilir. Ayrıca merak ve keşfetme duyguları yüksek erken çocukluk döneminde silahlara ulaşılabilirliğin azaltılmasına yönelik önlem ve eğitimler verilmesi sonucu ölümlerin azalacağına inanıyoruz.

Keywords

• Ateşli Silah Yaralanmaları
• Çocuk
• Pandemi
• Otopsi

Cases Under the Age of 18 who Are Determined to Have Died due to Firearm Injury at Şanlıurfa Forensic Medicine Branch Directorate Examination

Abstract

Objective: Child deaths due to gunshot wounds, which are rare in Turkey have become widespread in recent years; We aimed to examine sociodemographic, clinical and crime scene information in autopsied cases. Materials and Methods: 58 cases of children under the age of 18 who were autopsied as a result of gunshot wounds were identified at the Forensic Medicine Institute Şanlıurfa Branch Directorate between January 1, 2013 and January 1, 2023. Children’s hospital files, autopsy reports, autopsy photographs and videos, chemical analysis reports of samples taken from the body, histopathological examination reports, crime scene reports, witness-defendant statements and expert reports were examined retrospectively. The data obtained in the study were analyzed statistically using IBM SPSS Statistics vn 20.0 software. Results: In Şanlıurfa, where Turkey’s child population rate and child mortality rate are highest, children who died as a result of gunshot wounds; The average age was 12.78±4.63 and 70.7% were male. 50% of the deaths occurred during the pandemic period (2020-2021), and deaths occurred most frequently in winter (31%), in rural areas (81%), and as a result of injuries at home (60.4%). It was determined that the injuries frequently occurred as a result of a single shot with a short-barreled weapon (56.9%), most frequently in the head and neck region (48.2%), from the adjacent shooting range (37.9%), as a result of unintentional injury (50%), and resulted in death after medical intervention (63.8%). Conclusion: The limited studies on child firearm injuries with high mortality in our country should be increased. Suicides can be reduced by performing psychological autopsies in deaths resulting from gunshot wounds that occur during adolescence. We also believe that deaths will decrease as a result of measures and training to reduce the accessibility of weapons in early childhood, when curiosity and exploration are high.

Keywords

• Firearms injuries
• Child
• Pandemic
• Autopsy

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