Research Article

A New Biomarker in the Differential Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis: Zonulin

Volume: 7 Number: 3 January 13, 2026
EN TR

A New Biomarker in the Differential Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis: Zonulin

Abstract

Objective: Acute appendicitis is the most frequently encountered emergency abdominal surgery worldwide, and the clinical diagnosis is based on the history, physical examination, laboratory evaluation and imaging. Zonulin is a measurable protein that reflects intestinal permeability. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of serum zonulin levels in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Material and Method: This prospective, observational study included patients aged ≥18 years who presented to the emergency medicine department of a city hospital with clinical and examination findings and were pathologically confirmed with appendicitis after the operation. A control group was formed of healthy subjects aged >18 years. Serum zonulin levels were compared between the two groups. Results: Evaluation was made of a total of 123 voluntary subjects who met the study inclusion criteria, as 64 (52%) in the patient group and 59 (48%) in the control group. The serum zonulin levels were determined to be significantly low in the appendicitis patient group at 15.2 ± 10.3 ng/mL (p<0.001). According to the pathology reports of acute appendicitis, no significant difference was observed in the serum zonulin levels between acute phlegmonous appendicitis and acute perforated appendicitis. Conclusion: Serum zonulin levels were determined to be significantly reduced in appendicitis patients. This suggests that serum zonulin could be a potential negative biomarker in acute appendicitis pathogenesis.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Emergency Medicine

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

January 13, 2026

Submission Date

October 21, 2025

Acceptance Date

November 24, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 7 Number: 3

APA
Daşkin, M. A., Kalkan, A., Gültekin, V., Hayme, B., Aslankoç, V., Bozan, Ö., & Egın, S. (2026). A New Biomarker in the Differential Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis: Zonulin. Phoenix Medical Journal, 7(3), 113-117. https://doi.org/10.38175/phnx.1807484
AMA
1.Daşkin MA, Kalkan A, Gültekin V, et al. A New Biomarker in the Differential Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis: Zonulin. Phnx Med J. 2026;7(3):113-117. doi:10.38175/phnx.1807484
Chicago
Daşkin, Muhammet Ali, Asım Kalkan, Vedat Gültekin, et al. 2026. “A New Biomarker in the Differential Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis: Zonulin”. Phoenix Medical Journal 7 (3): 113-17. https://doi.org/10.38175/phnx.1807484.
EndNote
Daşkin MA, Kalkan A, Gültekin V, Hayme B, Aslankoç V, Bozan Ö, Egın S (January 1, 2026) A New Biomarker in the Differential Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis: Zonulin. Phoenix Medical Journal 7 3 113–117.
IEEE
[1]M. A. Daşkin et al., “A New Biomarker in the Differential Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis: Zonulin”, Phnx Med J., vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 113–117, Jan. 2026, doi: 10.38175/phnx.1807484.
ISNAD
Daşkin, Muhammet Ali - Kalkan, Asım - Gültekin, Vedat - Hayme, Baki - Aslankoç, Vahide - Bozan, Öner - Egın, Seracettin. “A New Biomarker in the Differential Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis: Zonulin”. Phoenix Medical Journal 7/3 (January 1, 2026): 113-117. https://doi.org/10.38175/phnx.1807484.
JAMA
1.Daşkin MA, Kalkan A, Gültekin V, Hayme B, Aslankoç V, Bozan Ö, Egın S. A New Biomarker in the Differential Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis: Zonulin. Phnx Med J. 2026;7:113–117.
MLA
Daşkin, Muhammet Ali, et al. “A New Biomarker in the Differential Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis: Zonulin”. Phoenix Medical Journal, vol. 7, no. 3, Jan. 2026, pp. 113-7, doi:10.38175/phnx.1807484.
Vancouver
1.Muhammet Ali Daşkin, Asım Kalkan, Vedat Gültekin, Baki Hayme, Vahide Aslankoç, Öner Bozan, Seracettin Egın. A New Biomarker in the Differential Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis: Zonulin. Phnx Med J. 2026 Jan. 1;7(3):113-7. doi:10.38175/phnx.1807484

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