Predictive Role of the ALBI Score in Short- and Long-Term Mortality Among Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department With Infective Endocarditis

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the predictive power of the Albumin–Bilirubin (ALBI) score for short-term and long-term mortality in patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with infective endocarditis (IE). Material and Method: In this retrospective study, 104 adult IE patients were included. Patients were categorized into low-risk (≤ -2.6) and high-risk (> -2.6) groups based on their ALBI scores. Survival was assessed using Kaplan–Meier and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Results: The 30-day mortality rate was 24.3% in the high ALBI group compared to 2.9% in the low ALBI group ($p=0.001$). Cox regression analysis revealed that each 1-SD increase in the ALBI score was an independent predictor of long-term mortality (HR 1.77, 95% CI 1.40–2.24). Conclusion: The ALBI score is a practical, independent marker based on routine laboratory data that strongly predicts both short- and long-term survival for risk stratification of IE patients in the ED.

Keywords

• Infective endocarditis
• Albumin–bilirubin (ALBI) score
• Mortality
• Emergency department
• Risk stratification

Acil Servise Başvuran Enfektif Endokardit Hastalarında ALBI Skorunun Kısa ve Uzun Dönem Mortaliteyi Öngörmedeki Rolü

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, acil servise başvuran enfektif endokardit (EE) hastalarında Albumin–Bilirubin (ALBI) skorunun kısa ve uzun dönem mortaliteyi öngördürücü gücünü değerlendirmeyi hedeflemiştir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Retrospektif çalışmaya 104 erişkin EE hastası dahil edilmiştir. Hastalar ALBI skoruna göre düşük (≤ -2.6) ve yüksek (> -2.6) riskli olarak iki gruba ayrılmış; sağkalım analizleri Kaplan-Meier ve Cox regresyon yöntemleriyle yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Yüksek ALBI grubunda 30 günlük mortalite %24.3 iken, düşük grupta %2.9 olarak saptanmıştır ($p=0.001$). Cox regresyon analizi, ALBI skorundaki her 1 standart sapmalık artışın uzun dönem mortalite riskini 1.77 kat artırdığını (HR 1.77) ortaya koymuştur. Sonuç: ALBI skoru, acil serviste EE hastalarının risk sınıflamasında pratik, rutin laboratuvar verilerine dayanan ve hem kısa hem uzun dönem sağkalımı güçlü şekilde öngören bağımsız bir belirteçtir.

Keywords

• Enfektif endokardit
• Albumin–bilirubin (ALBI) skoru
• Mortalite
• Acil Servis
• Risk sınıflaması

References

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