rhDNAse (Dornase alfa) and Its Role in the Management of COVID-19

Year 2020, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 122 - 124, 01.07.2020

Özgür Karcıoğlu

https://doi.org/10.38175/phnx.724389

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Neutrophil leukocytes (NL) are the fastest-reacting cells on
the front line struggling against pathogenic microorganisms in the body. Swift
response by the NLs in the patients with COVID-19 is useful for the body,
although the untoward, inadvertently proceeding in this response is thought to
enhance life-threatening pulmonary damage and pave the way to death of the
patient. The phenomenon known as ‘cytokine storm’ is a general term describing
this unwanted reaction by the body and is the result of complicated intriguing
cellular and biochemical processes.

So-called “neutrophil extracellular traps” (NETs) trigger
progressing to ARDS and respiratory failure in critical cases with COVID-19.
rhDNAse (Dornase alfa) is an agent postulated to hydrolyze DNA networks
released by the killed NLs and thus reverse the deadly process in the lungs.
Its major drawbacks are cost and inability to apply to mild-to-moderate cases
in order to prevent deterioration to a critical illness. Nonetheless, it can
represent a promising new therapeutic modality in the future. 

Keywords

rhDNAse, COVID-19, Dornase alfa, Treatment

rhDNAz (Dornase alfa) Nedir, COVID-19 Tedavisinde Yeri Var mıdır?

Abstract

Nötrofil lökositler (NL) vücutta hastalık yapan mikroorganizmalarla
savaşın en ön cephesindeki hücrelerdir ve hemen yanıt verirler. COVID-19
olgularında da NL’lerin hızla yanıt vermesi olumlu, iyileştirici bir faktördür;
fakat bu yanıtın istenmeyen aşırı bir noktaya gelmesinin akciğer hasarını
artırdığı ve ölüme giden yolu tetiklediği düşünülmektedir. ‘Sitokin fırtınası’
kavramı bu abartılı yanıtın genel adıdır ve birçok hücresel ve biyokimyasal
yanıtın ilişkilerinin sonucudur. Akciğerde “neutrophil extracellular traps”
(NETs) oluşumu COVID-19 enfeksiyonunun ARDS’ye ve solunum yetmezliğine
ilerlemesinin belirleyici sürecidir. rhDNAz (Dornase alfa) burada lökositlerden
açığa çıkan DNA’ları parçalayarak süreci geriye çevirebilmektedir. Pahalılığı
ve orta şiddetteki hastalarda uygulanamaması şu an çekinceleri oluştursa da
gelecek için ümit veren bir tedavi modalitesi olabilir.

Keywords

rhDNAz, Dornaz Alfa, Kovid-19, Tedavi

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