Mimarlık Öğrencilerinin Temel Tasarım Eğitiminde Edindikleri Tasarım İlkelerinin Algısal Değişimi Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Öz

Bu araştırma, mimarlık öğrencilerinin temel tasarım eğitiminde kuramsal olarak edindikleri görsel tasarım ilkelerini anlamlandırma tutumlarındaki değişimi incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında, (1) mimarlık öğrencilerinin temel tasarım eğitimi almadan önceki algıla- rına ilişkin tasarım ilkelerini anlamlandırma tutumlarının ne düzeyde olduğu irdelenmekte ve (2) temel tasarım eğitimini aldıktan sonraki algılarında tasarım ilkelerine dair anlamlandırma tutum- larının hangi tasarım ilkeleri bağlamında değişiklik gösterdiği sorgulanmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda öğrencilerin temel tasarım ilkelerinin kuramsal niteliklerine vakıf olmadan önceki algı düzeyleri ile tasarım eğitimi ile edindikleri görsel tasarım ilkeleri kuramlarından sonra oluşan algı düzeyleri kıyaslanmaktadır. Araştırmada yöntem olarak mimarlık öğrencileriyle iki aşamadan oluşan anket- ler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuçlar değerlendirildiğinde, öğrencilerin görsel tasarım ilkelerine ilişkin kavramlarla tanıştırılmadan önce; simetri ilkesine dair net bir anlamlandırma tutumuna sahip ola- rak tasarım eğitimlerine başladıklarını; ilaveten tasarım eğitimine başlamadan önce tekrar, ritim ve hareket ilkelerine dair bilişsel şemalara sahip olma ihtimallerinin kuvvetli olduğunu, öte yandan tasarım ilkelerine dair bilgi edindikten sonra ise ahenk ilkesini görsel repertuvarlarına ekleyebildik- lerini söylemek mümkündür

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Temel tasarım
• kompozisyon
• görsel biliş
• görsel tasarım ilkeleri
• görsel algı

A Study on the Perceptual Change of Design Principles Acquired by Architectural Students in Basic Design Education

Abstract

This research aims to examine the change in the attitudes of architectural students on their understanding of the principles of visual design that they have acquired in basic design education. Within the scope of the study, (1) the level of understanding of design principles regarding the perceptions of architecture students before they enrolled basic design education is examined, and (2) it is questioned that which design principles change in students’ perceptions after they completed basic design education. Furthermore, this research is also based on the measurement of the perception levels of the architectural students' before they do not have the knowledge of the theoretical qualities of the basic design principles are compared with the perception levels formed after the visual design principles theories, they acquired with design education. As a method in the research, two-stage questionnaires were conducted with architecture students. The results show that before being introduced to the concepts of visual design principles, architectural students have a clear understanding of the symmetry principle; additionally, there is a strong possibility that they have already begin their design education with cognitive schemes regarding the principles of repetition, rhythm, and movement. On the other hand, after learning about the visual principles of design, architectural students add the principle of harmony to their visual repertoire.

Keywords

• Basic design
• composition
• visual cognition
• visual design principles
• visual perception

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