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Kentsel Alanlarda Çatı Tarımı Uygulamaları

Year 2024, , 308 - 321, 15.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.54864/planarch.1451644

Abstract

Endüstri Devrimi ile birlikte başlayan ve gelecekte de hızlı bir şekilde devam edeceği düşünülen kırsaldan kente göç hareketi kentsel, sosyal ve ekonomik açıdan birtakım olumsuzluklar doğurmaktadır. Kentlerdeki hızlı nüfus artışının beraberinde getirdiği konut ihtiyacı, kentsel yaşam alanlarındaki yeşil dokunun azalmasına; kırsal alanlarda da tarımsal faaliyetlerin azalmasına sebep olmuştur. Bu gibi nedenler kentlerde hem yeşil doku oluşturacak hem de tarımsal faaliyetlerde kullanılacak alanlara ihtiyacı gündeme getirmiştir. Bitkiler çok eski yıllardan beri çeşitli sebeplerle yapıların çatılarında kullanılmıştır. Bununla birlikte kentsel tarım, çatı tarımı, topraksız tarım gibi kavramlarla ortaya çıkan ve kullanıcısının yerel gıda ihtiyacının bir bölümünü karşılayan, tarımsal faaliyetlerin binaların çatılarında yapıldığı uygulamalar son dönemlerde önem taşımaktadır. Çatı tarımı ile hem kent alanlarında yeşil doku artırılmış olup hem de yerel gıda ihtiyacı karşılanarak güvenilir gıdaya ekonomik bir şekilde ulaşım sağlanmış olacaktır. Daha gelişmiş bir yeşil çatı türü olan çatı tarımının kentsel alanlarda kullanımını örnek projeler üzerinden inceleyen bu çalışmada; çatı tarımının kent ekonomisine katkı sağlayacağı, yerel gıda tüketimini arttıracağı, insanların psikolojisi üzerinde olumlu etki yaratarak daha mutlu bir toplum yaratacağı ve sosyalleşme imkanlarını arttıracağı görülmüştür. Yapılacak olan çatı tarımı projeleri ve çalışmaları ile halkın ve tasarımcıların teşvik edilmesi, üretici firmaların bilgilendirme toplantıları yapması ve çatı tarımı uygulamalarının kentsel dönüşüm ve sürdürülebilir kent çalışmaları kapsamında ele alınarak planlamalara entegre edilmesi önerilmektedir.

References

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Rooftop Agriculture Practices in Urban Areas

Year 2024, , 308 - 321, 15.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.54864/planarch.1451644

Abstract

The migration movement from rural to urban areas, which began with the Industrial Revolution and is expected to continue rapidly in the future, is causing various negative social and economic impacts. The rapid population growth in cities has increased the demand for housing, leading to a reduction in green spaces within urban areas and a decrease in agricultural activities in rural regions. These factors have highlighted the need for spaces in cities that can contribute to green infrastructure and can be used for agricultural activities. Plants have been used on the building roofs for various reasons since ancient times. Moreover, concepts such as urban agriculture, rooftop farming, and soilless agriculture, which involve conducting agricultural activities on building rooftops to meet a portion of the local food needs of users, have recently gained importance. Rooftop farming not only increases greenery in urban areas but also provides an economical way to access reliable food by meeting local food needs. This study, which examines the use of rooftop farming in urban areas through example projects, has found that rooftop farming can contribute to the urban economy, increase local food consumption, have a positive effect on people's psychology, lead to a happier society, and enhance socialization opportunities. It is recommended that the public and designers be encouraged through rooftop farming projects and studies, that manufacturing companies conduct informational meetings, and that rooftop farming practices be considered within urban transformation and sustainable urban development plans and integrated into planning.

References

  • Appolloni, E., Orsini, F., Specht, K., Thomaier, S., Sanye-Mengual, E., Pennisi, G., ve Gianquinto, G. (2021). The global rise of urban rooftop agriculture: A review of worldwide cases. Journal of Cleaner Production, 296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126556
  • Architects, H. P. (2022). https://www.archdaily.com/798826/terraces-home-h-and-p-architects adresinden alındı, Erişim tarihi: 06.01.2022
  • Architects, H. S. L. (2022). Gary Comer Youth Center Roof Garden. https://climate.asla.org/GaryComerYouthCenterRoofGarden.html adresinden alındı, Erişim tarihi:06.01.2022
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  • Astee, L. Y., ve Kishnani, N. T. (2010). Building integrated agriculture: Utilising rooftops for sustainable food crop cultivation in Singapore. Journal of Green building, 5(2), 105-113. https://doi.org/10.3992/jgb.5.2.105
  • Block, M., ve Bokalders, V. (2010). The Whole Building Handbook: How to Design Healthy, Efficient and Sustainable Buildings, Routledge.
  • Caplow, T. (2009). Building integrated agriculture: Philosophy and practice. Urban futures, 2030, 48-51.
  • Celik, S., Morgan, S., Retzlaff, W., ve Once, O. (2011). Thermal insulation performance of green roof systems. Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, IGEC-6, 232.
  • Composites, T. (2024). L’Institut Le Cordon Bleu. https://www.timcomposites.fr/linstitut-le-cordon-bleu/ adresinden alındı, Erişim tarihi:08.02.2024
  • Dai, M., Tan, X., Ye, Z., Li, B., Zhang, Y., Chen, X., ve Kong, D. (2023). Soil bacterial community composition and diversity respond to soil environment in rooftop agricultural system. Environmental Technology & Innovation, 30, 103042. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2023.103042
  • Dash, D., ve Deole, S. (2020). Terrace Gardening: An Amazing Step Towards Growing Vegetables on Roof. Vigyan Varta, 1(7), 20-24.
  • Erbaş, M. (2011). Enerji etkin yapı tasarımının etkili elemanlarından olan yeşil çatıların dünya ve ülkemiz örnekleri üzerinden bir incelemesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Tez no: 275510
  • Ferreira, A. J. D., Guilherme, R. I. M. M., ve Ferreira, C. S. S. (2018). Urban agriculture, a tool towards more resilient urban communities? Current Opinion in Environmental Science & Health, 5, 93-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coesh.2018.06.004
  • Gonçalves, J. O., Fruto, C. M., Barranco, M. J., Oliveira, M. L. S., ve Ramos, C. G. (2022). Recovery of degraded areas through technosols and mineral nanoparticles: A review. Sustainability, 14(2), 993. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14020993
  • Grard, B. J., Manouchehri, N., Aubry, C., Frascaria-Lacoste, N., ve Chenu, C. (2020). Potential of technosols created with urban by-products for rooftop edible production. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(9), 3210. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093210
  • Gültekin, A., ve Koç, Y. (2010). Yeşil Çatılar ve Türkiye’deki Uygulamaları. 5. Ulusal Çatı-Cephe Sempozyumu, 15-16 Nisan, İzmir, 175-182
  • Guo, Y., Zhao, C., Chen, X., ve Li, C. (2015). CO2 capture and sorbent regeneration performances of some wood ash materials. Applied energy, 137, 26-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.09.086
  • Habitat, U. (2004). The State of the World’s Cities: Globalization and Urban Culture, Vol(2), Earthscan, London.
  • Harada, Y., ve Whitlow, T. H. (2020). Urban rooftop agriculture: challenges to science and practice. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 4, 76. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2020.00076
  • Hsieh, Y.-H., Hsu, J.-T., ve Lee, T.-I. (2018). Estimating the potential of achieving self-reliance by rooftop gardening in Chiayi City, Taiwan. International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics, 12(4), 448-457. https://doi.org/10.2495/DNE-V12-N4-448-457
  • Hui, S. (2011). Green roof urban farming for buildings in high-density urban. Paper presented at world green roof conference, Hainan, China, 18-21
  • Jafari, N., Utaberta, N., Yunos, M. Y. M., Ismail, N. A., Ismail, S., Ariffin, N. F. M., Valikhani, M. (2015). Benefits of roof garden in order to usage of urban agriculture at roof garden in high-rise building in Malaysia. Advances in Environmental Biology, 9(24), 86-91.
  • Kaushik, K., Praanjal, P., Kumar, M., Singh, S., Singh, A. K., Kumar, D., Ahamad, S. (2023). Rooftop gardening: A modern approach of production in urban areas. Pharma Innov. J, 12, 4766-4770.
  • Köhler, M. (2006). Long-term vegetation research on two extensive green roofs in Berlin. Urban habitats, 4(1), 3-26. ISSN 1541-7115
  • Krajčovičová, D., ve Šprochová, K. (2007). Extensive roof garden as a thermal insulator. Folia Oecologica, Institute of Forest Ecology, Zvolen, 24-29. ISSN 1336-5266
  • Külekçi, E. A. (2017). Geçmişten Günümüze Yeşil Çatı Sistemleri ve Yeşil Çatılarda Kalite Standartlarının Belirlenmesine Yönelik Bir Araştırma. ATA planlama ve Tasarım Dergisi, 1(1), 35-53.
  • Kurban, D., ve Zengin, G. (2023). Sürdürülebilir Kent Yaklaşımlarından Kentsel ve Topraksız Tarım: Paris, Barselona ve İzmir Örnekler. Balkan and Near Eastern Journal of Social Sciences, 2023 (09), 90, 101.
  • Lal, R. (2020). Home gardening and urban agriculture for advancing food and nutritional security in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Food security, 12(4), 871-876. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-020-01058-3
  • Misdary, R. (2023). Jacob Javits Convention Center. https://gothamist.com/news/how-an-8-acre-green-roof-atop-the-javits-center-is-boosting-nyc-biodiversity adresinden alındı, Erişim tarihi:10.02.2024
  • Muñoz-Liesa, J., Royapoor, M., López-Capel, E., Cuerva, E., Rufí-Salís, M., Gassó-Domingo, S., ve Josa, A. (2020). Quantifying energy symbiosis of building-integrated agriculture in a mediterranean rooftop greenhouse. Renewable energy, 156, 696-709. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2020.04.098
  • Novak, A. (2016). The rooftop growing guide: How to transform your roof into a vegetable garden or farm: Ten Speed Press.
  • Olmez, G. M., Dilek, F. B., Karanfil, T., ve Yetis, U. (2016). The environmental impacts of iron and steel industry: a life cycle assessment study. Journal of Cleaner Production, 130, 195-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.09.13
  • Özer, G., ve Yetkin, E. G. (2023). Yeşil Çatı Uygulamalarının Yaygınlaştırılması: Organik Tarıma Elverişli Yeşil Çatı. Sürdürülebilir Mühendislik Uygulamaları ve Teknolojik Gelişmeler Dergisi, 6(1), 74-81. https://doi.org/10.51764/smutgd.1261754
  • Proksch, G. (2011). Urban rooftops as productive resources: Rooftop farming versus conventional green roofs. Paper presented at the ARCC Conference Repository.
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There are 58 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Urban Field Management, Urban Aesthetics, Urban Planning and Health, Urban Design, Architectural Design, Sustainable Architecture
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Seda Kalkan 0000-0001-8496-2781

Ayça Akkan Çavdar 0000-0002-3333-8943

Refia Güngör Günay 0000-0001-6122-0435

Ebru Şanlı 0000-0002-4853-5894

Nihan Engin 0000-0003-1558-5577

Publication Date September 15, 2024
Submission Date March 12, 2024
Acceptance Date May 15, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024

Cite

APA Kalkan, S., Akkan Çavdar, A., Güngör Günay, R., Şanlı, E., et al. (2024). Kentsel Alanlarda Çatı Tarımı Uygulamaları. PLANARCH - Design and Planning Research, 8(2), 308-321. https://doi.org/10.54864/planarch.1451644

Content of this journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License

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