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Mimarlık Eğitiminde Yapı Malzemesi Dersinin Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 43 - 54, 15.03.2025
https://doi.org/10.54864/planarch.1554347

Abstract

Mimarlıkta; inşa edebilme, konfor, sağlık, güvenlik, dayanıklılık, yaşam ömrü, çevre, iklim değişikliği, maliyet, yeniden kullanım, geri dönüşüm gibi birçok temel tartışma konusunun temeli; “yapı malzemesi”dir. Bu nedenle; mimarlık eğitiminde yapı malzemesi dersinin önemi, verilme şekli, öğrencinin ilgisi, öğrenebilme düzeyi tartışılması gereken oldukça önemli konulardır. Soyut ve somut düşünebilme davranışının geliştirilmeye çalışıldığı mimarlık eğitiminde; soyut düşüncenin temellerinin atıldığı ders; “temel tasarım”, soyut bir düşüncenin somut hale getirilebilmesi olanaklarının tartışıldığı ders ise; “yapı malzemesi”dir. Eğitim süreci içinde birbirini tamamlaması gereken bu derslerin öğretim yöntemleri ve çıktıları aynı değildir. Bu çalışmada; mevcut mimarlık eğitiminde yapı malzemesi dersinin niteliğinin belirlenmesi, var olan problemlerin ortaya çıkarılması ve bunlara öneriler geliştirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmanın kapsamı; Türkiye'deki çeşitli ölçütlere göre belirlenmiş 33 (otuzüç) devlet üniversitesinin mimarlık bölümlerinin ders programlarında yer alan yapı malzemesi ve temel Tasarım dersleridir. Araştırmanın deseni; nicel ve nitel analiz yönteminden oluşmaktadır. Nicel analiz ile; derslerin zorunlu olma durumu, uygulamalı olma durumu, ders saatleri ve uygulamalı eğitim saatlerinin yeterlilikleri değerlendirilirken, nitel analiz kapsamında; yapı malzemesi dersini teori+uygulama şeklinde veren Mimarlık bölümü yapı malzemesi ders yürütücüleri ile mülakat yapılarak, uygulama içerik ve yöntemleri hakkında bilgi alınmıştır. Bulgular içinde en önemli sorun; yapı malzemesi dersinin güncel bir öğrenme yaklaşım ve yöntemine sahip olmaması, öğretmenin aktif, öğrencinin pasif olduğu geleneksel bir yönteme sahip olmasıdır. Çalışma ile yapı malzemesi dersine ilişkin değişim gereklilik ve yöntemleri konusunda önemli veriler elde edilmiştir.

Ethical Statement

Mimar Sinan Güzel Sanatlar Üniversitesi, 07.03.2024

Supporting Institution

-

Thanks

-

References

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  • Cross, N. (1997). Descriptive models of creative design: application to an example. Design Studies, 18(4), 427–440. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0142-694X(97)00010-0
  • Doğan, R. K., & Noraslı, M. (2019). İç Mimarlikta Eğitim Modeli: Deneyimleyerek Öğrenme. International Design and Art Journal, 1(1), 99–108.
  • Doorley, S., & Witthoft, S. (2012). Make Space: How to Set the Stage for Creative Collaboration. Wiley, New Jersey.
  • Downes, S. (2008). Places to Go: Connectivism & Connective Knowledge. Innovate: Journal of Online Education, 5(1). https://nsuworks.nova.edu/innovate/vol5/iss1/6/
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  • Kesteren, I. V. (2008). Product designers’ information needs in materials selection. Materials and Design, 29, 133–145. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2006.11.008
  • Lawson, B. (1997). How Designers Think The Design Process Demystified. The Oxford: Architectural Press.
  • Leurs, B., Schelling, J., & Mulder, I. (2013). Make Space, Make Place, Make Sense. International Conference On Engineering And Product Design Education, Dublin, Ireland, 5&6 Sep 2013, 844–849.
  • Mayuk, S. G., & Coşgun, N. (2020). Learning by Doing in Architecture Education: Building Science Course Example. International Journal of Education in Architecture and Design, 1(1), 2–15.
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  • Oxman, R. (2008). Performance-Based Design: Current Practices and Research Issues. International Journal of Architectural Computing, 6(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1260/147807708784640090
  • Pedgley, O. (2010). Special File: Futures for Materials and Industrial Design Education. METU Journal of Faculty of Architecture, 27(2), 265–269. https://doi.org/10.4305/METU.JFA.2010.2.14
  • Perker, Z. S. (2011). Mimarlık Öğrencilerinin Malzeme Bilgisinin Arttırılmasında Fabrika Gezilerinin Rolü: Metodolojik Bir Analiz. SAÜ. Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 15(1), 82–88.
  • Ratti, C., & Claudel, M. (2015). Open Source Architecture. Thames & Hudson.
  • Rognoli, V., & Levi, M. (2004). How, what and where is possible to learn design materials. International Engineering and Product Design Education Conference, 2&3 September, Delft, The Netherlands, 647–654.
  • Shi, X. (2010). Performance-based and performance-driven architectural design and optimization. Frontiers of Architecture and Civil Engineering in China, 4(4), 512–518. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11709-010-0090-6
  • Siebenbrodt, M., & Schöbe, L. (2012). Bauhaus 1919-1933. Parkstone Press.
  • Siemens, G. (2005). Connectivism: A Learning Theory for the Digital Age. International Journal of Instructional Technology and Distance Learning, 2(1). https://www.itdl.org/Journal/Jan_05/article01.htm
  • Soyupak, O. (2015). Endüstriyel Tasarım Eğitimi’nde Malzeme Bilgisinin Yeri, Önemi Ve Özellikleri: Türkiye’deki Okullar Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul. https://polen.itu.edu.tr/items/fbc9d19f-088a-4bd5-9ed4-c9607e597bee
  • Stonorov, T. (2017). The Design-Build Studio : Crafting Meaningful Work in Architecture Education. Taylor & Francis Group. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315650746
  • Toy, B., & Gökmen, G. P. (2023). Mimarlık Eğitiminde Uygulamalı Öğrenme Ortamları Sunan Tasarla/Yap Stüdyolarına İlişkin Karşılaştırmalı Bir Değerlendirme. Tasarim + Kuram, 19(40), 483–498. https://doi.org/10.59215/tasarimkuram.406
  • Voutetaki, M. E. (2024). Application and Assessment of an Experiential Deformation Approach as a Didactive Tool of Truss Structures in Architectural Engineering. Education Sciences, 14(4), 354. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14040354
  • Voutetaki, M. E., & Thomoglou, A. K. (2023). Experiential learning in architectural engineering school through the hands-on workshop: Practically without calculations. The International Conference on Electronics, Engineering Physics and Earth Science, Kavala, Greece, 21-23 June. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0196387
  • Wastiels, L., & Woulters, I. (2008). Material Considerations in Architectural Design: A Study of the Aspects Identified by Architects for Selecting Materials. Undisciplined! Design Research Society Conference, Sheffield, UK, 1–13. https://shura.shu.ac.uk/id/eprint/511%0A
  • Wastiels, L., Wouters, I., & Lindekens, J. (2007). Material knowledge for Design: The architect’s vocabulary. International Association of Societies of Design Research (IASDR) Conference, Hong Kong, November 12-15, 2007, 1-16.
  • Yurtsever, B. (2011). Mimarlık Eğitiminde Eleştirel Düşünme Becerisinin Rolü: Birinci Yıl Tasarım Eğitim Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul. https://polen.itu.edu.tr/items/a2743c9e-e113-4c40-a6d8-5dae5cf90824
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Evaluation of Building Materials Course in Architectural Education

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 43 - 54, 15.03.2025
https://doi.org/10.54864/planarch.1554347

Abstract

In architecture, many fundamental topics—such as construction, comfort, health, safety, durability, lifecycle, environment, climate change, cost, reuse, and recycling—are rooted in "building materials." Despite this, it can be observed that the current architectural field lacks sufficient competence in building materials, both in education and professional practice. In architectural education, where the goal is to develop abstract and concrete thinking skills, the course that lays the foundation for abstract thinking is "basic design," while the course that explores the possibilities of translating abstract ideas into concrete forms is "building materials." Although these courses are complementary, their teaching methods and outcomes differ. This study aims to identify the quality of building materials courses, defining existing issues of building materials courses in contemporary architectural education and propose solutions. The scope of the research includes the curricula of "Building Materials" and "Basic Design" courses in the architecture departments of 33 state universities in Turkey, selected based on various criteria. The research design combines quantitative and qualitative analysis methods.In the quantitative analysis, factors such as the mandatory status of courses, their inclusion of practical components, class hours, and the adequacy of practical training hours were evaluated. The qualitative analysis involved interviews with instructors of building materials courses, which are delivered as a combination of theory and practice, to gain insights into the content and methods of practical training. The findings highlight a major issue: building materials courses lack a contemporary learning approach and method, instead relying on a traditional model where the instructor is active and the student remains passive.

Ethical Statement

Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University, 07.03.2024

Supporting Institution

-

Thanks

-

References

  • Aydınlı, S. (2015). Tasarım Eğitiminde Yapılandırıcı Paradigma: ‘Öğrenmeyi Öğrenme.’ Tasarım + Kuram, 20, 1–18. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.23835/tasarimkuram.239579
  • Bakkal, H. (2019). Günümüz heykel sanatında soyut form ve malzeme ilişkisi. Sanatta Yeterlik Tezi, Marmara Üniversitesi, Güzel Sanatlar Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Binkley, M., Erstad, O., Herman, J., Raizen, S., Ripley, M., Miller-Ricci, M., & Rumble, M. (2012). Defining Twenty-First Century Skills. In Assessment and Teaching of 21st Century Skills (pp. 17–66). Springer Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2324-5_2
  • Çoban, B. T., & Ay, Ş. Ç. (2023). Bağlantıcılık Açısından Öğrenme: Öğrenme Süreci, İlkeler Ve Öğrenen Rolleri. Düzce Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 13(2), 253–271. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55179/dusbed.1332953
  • Cross, N. (1997). Descriptive models of creative design: application to an example. Design Studies, 18(4), 427–440. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0142-694X(97)00010-0
  • Doğan, R. K., & Noraslı, M. (2019). İç Mimarlikta Eğitim Modeli: Deneyimleyerek Öğrenme. International Design and Art Journal, 1(1), 99–108.
  • Doorley, S., & Witthoft, S. (2012). Make Space: How to Set the Stage for Creative Collaboration. Wiley, New Jersey.
  • Downes, S. (2008). Places to Go: Connectivism & Connective Knowledge. Innovate: Journal of Online Education, 5(1). https://nsuworks.nova.edu/innovate/vol5/iss1/6/
  • Emami, N., & Buelow, P. von. (2016). Teaching structures to architecture students through hands-on activities. Canadian International Conference on Advances in Education, Teaching & Technology. 16-17 July, 2016, Toronto, Canada.
  • Er, H. A., Korkut, F., & Er, Ö. (1998). Türkiye’de Tasarım Eğitimi. Boyut Yayın Grubu.
  • Harvey, D. (2005). A Brief History of Neoliberalism. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199283262.001.0001
  • Hegger, M., Drexler, H., & Zeumer, M. (2023). Adım Adım Yapı Malzemeleri. YEM Yayınevi.
  • Hendricks, G. P. (2019). Connectivism as a Learning Theory and Its Relation to Open Distance Education. Progressio, 41(1). https://doi.org/10.25159/2663-5895/4773
  • Karadag, O., & Canakcioglu, N. G. (2023). Teaching earthquake-resistant structural systems in architecture department: a hands-on learning experience. Architectural Science Review, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/00038628.2023.2288967
  • Karana, E., & van Kesteren, I. E. H. (2006). Material effects: the role of materials in people’s product evaluations. 5th Conference on Design and Emotion. Göteborg, Sweden, 27-29 Sept 2006, 1-19.
  • Kesteren, I. V. (2008). Product designers’ information needs in materials selection. Materials and Design, 29, 133–145. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2006.11.008
  • Lawson, B. (1997). How Designers Think The Design Process Demystified. The Oxford: Architectural Press.
  • Leurs, B., Schelling, J., & Mulder, I. (2013). Make Space, Make Place, Make Sense. International Conference On Engineering And Product Design Education, Dublin, Ireland, 5&6 Sep 2013, 844–849.
  • Mayuk, S. G., & Coşgun, N. (2020). Learning by Doing in Architecture Education: Building Science Course Example. International Journal of Education in Architecture and Design, 1(1), 2–15.
  • Onaran, K. (1995). Malzeme Bilimi. Bilim Teknik Yayınevi.
  • Oxman, R. (2008). Performance-Based Design: Current Practices and Research Issues. International Journal of Architectural Computing, 6(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1260/147807708784640090
  • Pedgley, O. (2010). Special File: Futures for Materials and Industrial Design Education. METU Journal of Faculty of Architecture, 27(2), 265–269. https://doi.org/10.4305/METU.JFA.2010.2.14
  • Perker, Z. S. (2011). Mimarlık Öğrencilerinin Malzeme Bilgisinin Arttırılmasında Fabrika Gezilerinin Rolü: Metodolojik Bir Analiz. SAÜ. Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 15(1), 82–88.
  • Ratti, C., & Claudel, M. (2015). Open Source Architecture. Thames & Hudson.
  • Rognoli, V., & Levi, M. (2004). How, what and where is possible to learn design materials. International Engineering and Product Design Education Conference, 2&3 September, Delft, The Netherlands, 647–654.
  • Shi, X. (2010). Performance-based and performance-driven architectural design and optimization. Frontiers of Architecture and Civil Engineering in China, 4(4), 512–518. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11709-010-0090-6
  • Siebenbrodt, M., & Schöbe, L. (2012). Bauhaus 1919-1933. Parkstone Press.
  • Siemens, G. (2005). Connectivism: A Learning Theory for the Digital Age. International Journal of Instructional Technology and Distance Learning, 2(1). https://www.itdl.org/Journal/Jan_05/article01.htm
  • Soyupak, O. (2015). Endüstriyel Tasarım Eğitimi’nde Malzeme Bilgisinin Yeri, Önemi Ve Özellikleri: Türkiye’deki Okullar Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul. https://polen.itu.edu.tr/items/fbc9d19f-088a-4bd5-9ed4-c9607e597bee
  • Stonorov, T. (2017). The Design-Build Studio : Crafting Meaningful Work in Architecture Education. Taylor & Francis Group. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315650746
  • Toy, B., & Gökmen, G. P. (2023). Mimarlık Eğitiminde Uygulamalı Öğrenme Ortamları Sunan Tasarla/Yap Stüdyolarına İlişkin Karşılaştırmalı Bir Değerlendirme. Tasarim + Kuram, 19(40), 483–498. https://doi.org/10.59215/tasarimkuram.406
  • Voutetaki, M. E. (2024). Application and Assessment of an Experiential Deformation Approach as a Didactive Tool of Truss Structures in Architectural Engineering. Education Sciences, 14(4), 354. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14040354
  • Voutetaki, M. E., & Thomoglou, A. K. (2023). Experiential learning in architectural engineering school through the hands-on workshop: Practically without calculations. The International Conference on Electronics, Engineering Physics and Earth Science, Kavala, Greece, 21-23 June. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0196387
  • Wastiels, L., & Woulters, I. (2008). Material Considerations in Architectural Design: A Study of the Aspects Identified by Architects for Selecting Materials. Undisciplined! Design Research Society Conference, Sheffield, UK, 1–13. https://shura.shu.ac.uk/id/eprint/511%0A
  • Wastiels, L., Wouters, I., & Lindekens, J. (2007). Material knowledge for Design: The architect’s vocabulary. International Association of Societies of Design Research (IASDR) Conference, Hong Kong, November 12-15, 2007, 1-16.
  • Yurtsever, B. (2011). Mimarlık Eğitiminde Eleştirel Düşünme Becerisinin Rolü: Birinci Yıl Tasarım Eğitim Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul. https://polen.itu.edu.tr/items/a2743c9e-e113-4c40-a6d8-5dae5cf90824
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There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Architectural History, Theory and Criticism, Architecture (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Halit Beyaztaş 0000-0001-9572-7816

Çiğdem Tekin 0000-0002-1777-8594

Early Pub Date March 16, 2025
Publication Date March 15, 2025
Submission Date September 23, 2024
Acceptance Date February 11, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 9 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Beyaztaş, H., & Tekin, Ç. (2025). Evaluation of Building Materials Course in Architectural Education. PLANARCH - Design and Planning Research, 9(1), 43-54. https://doi.org/10.54864/planarch.1554347

Content of this journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License

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