Effects of Carbon Nanotube-Phosphorus Based Flame Retardant Combinations on Flammability of Polypropylene
Abstract
The effects of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on fire behavior of phosphorus-based flame retardant (PBFR)/polypropylene (PP) were investigated. Two different type phosphorus-based flame retardant that commercially available; ammonium polyphosphate-based (Exolit AP 760) and organic phosphorous-based (Aflammit PCO 900) powders were studied to enhance the flammability of polypropylene. Phosphorus-based flame retardant content was fixed at 8 wt% of total flame retardant (FR) formulation. MWCNTs was incorporated into FR formulation at four different concentrations (0.5 wt%, 1.0 wt%, 1.5 wt% and 2.0 wt%). All composites were prepared by melt compounding in a twin-screw extruder followed by injection molding technique. Thermal properties and flammability of the prepared samples were determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index (LOI) and micro combustion calorimetry (MCC). Incorporation of organic phosphorous-based powder into PP matrix showed a better fire performance compared to ammonium polyphosphate-based flame retardant by resulting in an 11.6% higher LOI value. The LOI values decreased with the incorporation of MWCNTs into PP/ PBFR combinations; however, they still increased the thermal stability of each respective system. The addition of 2.0 wt% MWCNTs decreased the LOI value of PP/organic phosphorous-based FR system 5.2% higher than PP/ammonium polyphosphate-based FR system. The heat release rate of PP reduced in the presence of both PBFRs, but; increased with the introduction of MWCNTs
Keywords
References
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Details
Primary Language
English
Subjects
Engineering
Journal Section
Conference Paper
Authors
Ayfer İrem Koca
*
0000-0001-9942-2577
Türkiye
Gamze Yüksel
0000-0001-8954-8838
Türkiye
Fadime Karaer
0000-0003-4423-205X
Türkiye
Publication Date
April 30, 2019
Submission Date
February 18, 2019
Acceptance Date
April 30, 2019
Published in Issue
Year 1970 Volume: 1 Number: 1