THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RESPONSE STYLES AND DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS IN THE FIELD OF BUSINESS RESEARCHES

Year 2009, Volume: 2 Issue: 4, 1 - 17, 01.12.2009

Ahmet Bardakçı Selçuk Burak Haşıloğlu Süleyman Barutçu Duygu Koçoğlu

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between demographic characteristics of the respondents and response style. To achieve the purpose the impact of demographics over the response style, ten researches in which were administered in participation with researchers from Pamukkale University, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences were integrated. Findings reveal that level of education influences respondents’ marking on both extreme points and scale midpoint. Nevertheless, no relationships were identified between respondents’ level of education and none of the response styles. Disacquiescence is common among respondents. Tendency of using acquiescence and using scale midpoint are more likely for men. Tendency of using scale midpoint are more likely for men who is over 30 years old

Keywords

Response style, attitude scales

İŞLETME ALANINDAKİ TUTUM ÖLÇEKLİ ÇALIŞMALARDA CEVAPLAMA TARZI İLE DEMOGRAFİK DEĞİŞKENLER ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİYİ TESPİTE YÖNELİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Abstract

Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de işletme alanında gerçekleştirilen çalışmalarda demografik özelliklerle cevaplama tarzı arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaçla Pamukkale Üniversitesi İşletme Bölümü öğretim üyelerinin katılımıyla gerçekleştirilmiş olan on farklı araştırmada cevaplayıcıların demografik özelliklerinin cevaplama tarzlarına etkisi incelenmiştir. Sonuçlara göre eğitim düzeyi hem aşırı uçlarının kullanımını hem de ölçek orta noktasının kullanımı etkilemektedir. Fakat eğitim düzeyi ile cevaplama tarzı ölçütlerinin her birisi arasında doğrudan bir ilişki bulunamamıştır. Genel olarak cevaplayıcılar arasında katılımcı olmayıcılık daha yaygındır. Erkekler kadınlardan hem daha fazla katılımcı yön kullanma hem de daha fazla orta nokta kullanma eğilimindir. 30 yaş üstünde orta nokta kullanımı, 30 yaş altında orta nokta kullanımından daha fazladır

Keywords

Cevaplama tarzı, tutum ölçekleri

References

• Bachman, J.G. and O'Malley, P.M.(1984) “Yea-Saying, Nay-Saying, and Going to Extre- mes: Black-White Differences in Response Styles”, Public Opinion Quarterly Vol. 48, 491-509.
• Baumgartner H. and Steenkamp J.B.E.M. (2001) “Response Styles in Marketing Research: A Cross-National Investigation” Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. XXXVIII (May), 143-156.
• Bearden, William O. And R G. Netemeyer (1999), Handbook of Marketing Scales: Multi- Item Measures for Marketing and Consumer Behavior Research, 2d ed. Sage Publications, Canada.
• Chen, C. Lee. Sy. and Stevenson H.W.(1995) “Response Style And Cross-Cultural Com- parisons On Rating Scales Among East Asian And North American Students”, American Psychological Society Vol, 6, No, 3, May, 170-175
• Davis, Teresa L., L J. Severy, SJ. Kraus, and J. M Whitaker (1993), “Predictors of Senten- cing Decisions: The Beliefs, Personality Variables, and Demographic Factors of Juvenile Justice Personnel,” Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 23 (6), 451-477.
• De Jong, M.G. Steenkamp J.E.M., Fox, J.P. and Baumgartner, H. (2008), “Using Item Res- ponse Theory to Measure Extreme Response Style in Marketing Research: A Global Investigation”, Journal of Marketing Research Vol. XLV (February), 104- 115.
• Greenleaf, E.A. (1992a), “Measuring Extreme Response Style” Public Opinion Quarterly Vol. 36, 328-351.
• Greenleaf, E.A. (1992b) “Improving Rating Scale Measures by Detecting and Correcting Bias Components in Some Response Styles”, Journal of Marketing Research Vol. XXIX (May), 176-88.
• Harzing, A-W, (2006), “Response Styles in Cross-national Survey Research A 26-country Study”, International Journal of Cross Cultural Management Vol 6(2), 243-266.
• Herk, H. V. Poortınga, Y. H. Verhallen, T. M. M. (2004) “Response Styles In Ratıng Scales Evidence Of Method Bias in Data From Six EU Countries”, Journal Of Cross- Cultural Psychology, Vol. 35(3), 346-360
• Hui C.H and Triandis H.C. (1985) “The Instability Of Response Sets”, Public Opinion Quarterly Vol. 49, 233-260.
• Hui, C. H.,and Trıandıs, H. C. (1989). “Effects of culture and response format on extreme response style”. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Vol.20(3), 296-309.
• Johnson T., Kulesa, P., CHO, Y.I. and Shavitt, S. (2005), “The Relation Between Culture And Response Styles Evidence From 19 Countries”, Journal Of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Vol. 36 (2), 264-277.
• Jordan, L.A. Marcus A.C. and Reeder L.G. (1980), “Response Styles in Telephone and Household Interviewing: A Field Experiment”, Public Opinion Quarterly, Vol. 44, 210-222.
• Knowles, Eric s. and Christopher Condon (1999), “Why People Say ‘Yes’: A Dual-Process Theory of Acquiescence,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77 (2), 379-386.
• Marin, G., Gamba, R. J., and Marín, B. V. (1992). “Extreme response style and acquies- cence among Hispanics: The role of acculturation and education”. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Vol.23 (4), 498-509.
• Spotts, Harlan (1994), “Evidence of a Relationship between Need for Cognition and Chronological Age: Implications for Persuasion in Consumer Research,” Ad- vances in Consumer Research, 21 (1), 238-243.
• Weathers, D., Sharma, S. and Niedrich, R.(2005), “The Impact of the Number of Scale Points, Dispositional Factors, and the Status Quo Decision Heuristic on Scale Re- liability and Response Accuracy,” Journal of Business Research, 58 (11), 1516- 1524.
• Weijters, B. (2006), Response Styles in Consumer Research, Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Ghent University, Belçika.