URBAN AND RURAL ADOLESCENTS’ BEHAVIORAL REGULATION IN EXERCISE ACCORDING TO BODY WEIGHT STATUS
Year 2017,
Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 78 - 88, 15.09.2017
Gökmen Özen
,
Muhammed Emin Kafkas
Cengiz Akalan
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine urban and rural adolescents’
behavioral regulation in exercise according to their body weight status. The
sample size consisted of 513 adolescents (51.5% males, 48.5% females) aged
15-18 (M = 16.49,
SD = 1.11) years old and living in urban and rural areas in Turkey. The Turkish
version of Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaires-2 was used as a measurement tool for the study. The study demonstrated a significant difference in the sub-domain of amotivation
toward exercise between urban and rural groups (p < .05). However, scores
on external intrisinc and introjected sub-domains and the relative autonomy
index were not significantly different (p
> .05). Our results indicated that urban adolescents were less
motivated to do exercise than rural adolescents. OB
adolescents living in rural areas had higher amotivation to exercise than NW
ones.
References
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- Sparud-Lundin, C., & Andersson, K. (2015). Participation and motivation in obesity treatment–a qualitative study of teenagers’ and parents’ perceptions. Obes Control Ther, 2(1), 1-6.
- Taylor, R., Badcock, J., King, H., Pargeter, K., Zimmet, P., Fred, T., ... Wang, R. L. (1992). Dietary intake, exercise, obesity and noncommunicable disease in rural and urban populations of three Pacific Island Countries. J Am Coll Nutr, 11(3), 283-293.
- Teixeira, P. J., Carraça, E. V., Markland, D., Silva, M. N., & Ryan, R. M. (2012). Exercise, physical activity, and self-determination theory: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act, 9(78), 1-30.
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Year 2017,
Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 78 - 88, 15.09.2017
Gökmen Özen
,
Muhammed Emin Kafkas
Cengiz Akalan
References
- Booth, M., Okely, T., Denney-Wilson, E., Hardy, L., Yang, B., & Dobbins, T. (2006). NSW school physical activity and nutrition survey (SPANS) 2004: Summary report. Sydney: NSW Department of Health.
- Bryant, W., Fieldhouse, J., & Bannigan, K. (2014). Creek's occupational therapy and mental health. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier.
- Cavill, N., Kahlmeier, S., & Racioppi, F. (2006). Physical activity and health in Europe: evidence for action. Copenhagen: World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe.
- Centers for Disease Control and Protection (CDC). (2007). Prevalence of regular physical activity among adults-United States, 2001 and 2005. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 23;56(46), 1209-1212.
- Retrieved from: http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwr/html/mm5646a1.htm
- Daley, A.J., & Duda, J.L. (2006). Self-determination, stage of readiness to change for exercise, frequency of physical activity in young people. Eur J Sport Sci, 6(4), 231-243.
- Davis, J.N., Hodges, V.A., & Gillham, M.B. (2006). Physical activity compliance: Differences between overweight/obese and normal-weight adults. Obesity, 14(12), 2259-2265.
- Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The" what" and" why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227-268.
- Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2002). Handbook of self-determination research. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press.
- Deforche, B. I., Hills, A. P., Worringham, C. J., Davies, P. S., Murphy, A. J., Bouckaert, J. J., & De Bourdeaudhuij, I. M. (2009). Balance and postural skills in normal‐weight and overweight prepubertal boys. Int J Pediatr Obes, 4(3), 175-182.
- Egli, T., Bland, H.W., Melton, B.F., & Czech, D.R. (2011). Influence of age, sex and race on college students' exercise motivation of physical activity. J Am Coll Health, 59(5), 399-406.
- Ersöz, G., Aşçi, F. H., & Altiparmak, E. (2012). Reliability and validity of behavioral regulations in exercise questionnaire-2. Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci, 4(1), 22-31.
- Escobedo, J., Buitrón, L. V., Velasco, M. F., Ramírez, J. C., Hernández, R., Macchia, A., ... Champagne, B. M. (2009). High prevalence of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in urban Latin America: the CARMELA Study. Diabetic Medicine, 26(9), 864-871.
- Fowler-Brown, A., & Kahwati, L. C. (2004). Prevention and treatment of overweight in children and adolescents. Am Fam Physician, 69(11), 2591-2599.
- Gillison, F. B., Standage, M., & Skevington, S. M. (2006). Relationships among adolescents' weight perceptions, exercise goals, exercise motivation, quality of life and leisure-time exercise behaviour: a self-determination theory approach. Health Education Research, 21(6), 836-847.
- Hassel, G., Milroy, J. J., & Orsini, M. M. (2015). Investigating Motivation for Physical Activity among Minority College Females using the BREQ-2. Journal of Student Research, 4(1), 40-44.
- Hume, C., Salmon, J., Veitch, J., O'Connell, E., Crawford, D., & Ball, K. (2012). Socio-demographic characteristics of children experiencing socioeconomic disadvantage who meet physical activity and screen-time recommendations: The READI study. Preventive Medicine, 54(1), 61-4.
- Ingledew, D. K., Hardy, L., & De Sousa, K. (1995). Body shape dissatisfaction and exercise motivations. J Sports Sci, 13, 60.
- Ingledew, D.K., & Markland, D. (2008). The role of motives in exercise participation. Psychol Health, 23(7), 807-828.
- Legetic, B., Medici, A., Hernández-Avila, M., Alleyne, G., & Hennis, A. (2016). Economic Dimensions of Non-Communicable Disease in Latin America and the Caribbean. Disease Control Priorities (3th ed.), Companion Volume. Washington, DC: PAHO.
- Markland, D., & Tobin, V. (2004).A modification to the behavioral regulation in exercise questionnaire to include an assessment of amotivation. J Sport Exerc Psychol, 26(2), 191-196.
- Markland, D., & Ingledew, D. K. (2007). The relationships between body mass and body image and relative autonomy for exercise among adolescent males and females. Psychol Sport Exerc, 8(5), 836-853.
- McMichael, P. (2016). Development and social change: A global perspective (5th ed.). London: Sage Publications.
- Monedero, J., Lyons, E. J., & O’Gorman, D. J. (2015). Interactive video game cycling leads to higher energy expenditure and is more enjoyable than conventional exercise in adults. PloS One, 10(3), e0118470.
- Mullan, E., Markland, D., & Ingledew, D. K. (1997). Development of a measure using confirmatory factor analytic procedures. Pers Individ Dif, 23(5), 745-752.
- Onis, M. D., Onyango, A. W., Borghi, E., Siyam, A., Nishida, C., & Siekmann, J. (2007). Development of a WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 85(9), 660-667.
- Roberts, G. C., Treasure, D. C., & Conroy, D. E. (2007). Understanding the dynamics of motivation in sport and physical activity: An achievement goal interpretation. In G. Tenenbaum & R.C. Eklund (Eds.),Handbook of Sport Psychology(3th ed.), 1-30. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
- Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000).Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. Am Psychol, 55(1), 68-78.
- Sisson, S. B., & Katzmarzyk, P. T. (2008).International prevalence of physical activity in youth and adults. Obesity Reviews, 9(6), 606-614.
- Sparud-Lundin, C., & Andersson, K. (2015). Participation and motivation in obesity treatment–a qualitative study of teenagers’ and parents’ perceptions. Obes Control Ther, 2(1), 1-6.
- Taylor, R., Badcock, J., King, H., Pargeter, K., Zimmet, P., Fred, T., ... Wang, R. L. (1992). Dietary intake, exercise, obesity and noncommunicable disease in rural and urban populations of three Pacific Island Countries. J Am Coll Nutr, 11(3), 283-293.
- Teixeira, P. J., Carraça, E. V., Markland, D., Silva, M. N., & Ryan, R. M. (2012). Exercise, physical activity, and self-determination theory: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act, 9(78), 1-30.
- Vallerand, R. J. (2007). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in sport and physical activity. In Tenenbaum, G. and Eklund R.C. (Ed). Handbook of Sport Psychology, 3, 59-83. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc
- Waters, E., Silva-Sanigorski, A. D., Burford, B. J., Brown, T., Campbell, K. J., Gao, Y., … Summerbell, C. D. (2014). Interventions for preventing obesity in children. Sao Paulo Med J., 132(2), 128-129.
- Wilson, P. M., Rodgers, W. M., Fraser, S. N., & Murray, T. C. (2004). Relationships between exercise regulations and motivational consequences in university students. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 75(1), 81-91.
- World Health Organization (WHO). (2010). Global recommendations on physical activity for health. Geneva: WHO Press.