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A COMPARISON OF FENERBAHCE AND GALATASARAY FOOTBALL CLUB FANS: THE FACTORS OF AFFECTING STADIUM PARTICIPATIONS

Year 2018, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 40 - 48, 05.10.2018

Abstract

Abstract

 

Aim: The aim of this study is to
investigate the factors affecting the stadium attendance of the supporters of
Turkish professional football clubs that have stadiums fulfilling the UEFA
criteria.

 

Material
and Method:
The study population includes the
supporters of Fenerbahçe and Galatasaray Football Club participating in Turkish
Spor Toto Super League in 2013-2014 seasons and having stadiums that fulfill
the UEFA criteria. The sample consists of randomly selected (n=832) supporters.
As well as demographic data of the supporters, reasons affecting the Stadium
Attendance Scale developed by Soyguden, 2014 which consists of 30 questions
were used to collect the data. Statistical analysis of the data was done using
SPSS 16.0 packet program and and descriptive statistics, independent t-test and
one-way ANOVA test were applied.

 

Results: Among the variables affecting the participation of Galatasaray Football
Club supporters participating in the stadium; "Recreation Activity
Opportunity", "Stadium Atmosphere" and "Personal Relaxation
Opportunity" variables were found high. Among the variables affecting the
reasons for not participating in stadiums of Fenerbahçe Football Club fans; the
levels of "Negative Ergonomic Environment" and "Unethical
Situations" were found to be high.

 

Conclusion: As a result, Galatasaray FK supporters' participation to the stadium
most effective factor was found "Recreation Activity Opportunity"
than the Fenerbahce FK supporters. In this case, it is recommended to increase
the number and quality of recreational activities in the stadium. Our research
showed that Fenerbahce FK supporter’s non participation to the stadium most
effective factor was found "Negative Ergonomic Environment" than the
Galatasaray FK supporters. With this result, it is proposed to improve the
negative ergonomic environmental conditions in order to allow more fans to
participate in the stadium.

 

Key Words: Fenerbahce and Galatasaray Football Club, Supporters
and Stadium Attendance

























References

  • 1. Cialdini, R.B., Borden, R. J., Thorne, A., Walker, M. R., Freeman, S. & Sloan, L. R. (1976), ‘Basking in Reflected Glory: Three Football Field Studies’, Journal of Social Psychology and Personality 34(2), 366-375
  • 2. Darden WR, Babin BJ. (1994). Exploring the concept of affective quality: Expanding the concept of retail personality. Journal of Business Research. 1994; 29: 101–109.
  • 3. DeSchriver TD, Rascher DA, Shapiro S. (2013). If we build it, will you come? Examining the effect of expansion teams and soccer-specific stadiums on Major League Soccer attendance. North American Society for Sport Management Conference. 2013.
  • 4. DeSchriver, T.D. & Jensen, P.D. (2002), ‘Determinants of Spectator Attendance at NCAA Division II Football Contests’, Journal of Sport Management 16 (October), 311-330.
  • 5. Funk DC, James J. (2001). ‘The Psychological Continuum Model: A Conceptual Framework for Understanding an Individual’s Psychological Connection to Sport’, Sport Management Review. 2001; 4(2): 119-150.
  • 6. Gençer RT, Aycan A. (2008). Seyircilerin Profesyonel Futbol Müsabakalarına Katılım Kararını Etkileyen Değişkenler Üzerine Bir İnceleme. Ege Akademik Bakış. 2008; 8(2): 771-783.
  • 7. Gifford R. (1997). Environmental psychology. Principles and practice (2nd ed.). Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon. 1997; 350-351.
  • 8. Greenstein, T. N. & Marcum, J. P. (1981), ‘Factors affecting attendance of major league baseball: Team performance’, Review of Sport & Leisure 6(2), 21-34.
  • 9. Grove, J.R., Hanrahan, S.J. and McInman, A. (1991), “Success/failure bias in attributions across involvement categories in sport”, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 17, pp. 93‐7
  • 10. Hirschman, E.C. & Holbrook, M.B. (1982) Hedonic consumption: emerging concepts, methods and propositions, Journal of Marketing 46(3), 92-101.
  • 11. Holahan CJ.(1986). Environmental psychology. Annual Review of Psychology. 1986; 37: 381– 407.
  • 12. Hunt Kenneth A., Bristol Terry, R. Bashaw Edward, (1999) "A conceptual approach to classifying sports fans", Journal of Services Marketing, Vol. 13 Issue: 6, pp.439-452 13. Leeweun, L., Quick, S. and Daniel, K. 2002. The sport satisfaction model: A conceptual framework for understanding the satisfaction of spectators. Sport Management Review, 5(2): 99–128.
  • 14. Mano, H. and Oliver, R.L. 1993. Assessing the dimensionality and structure of consumption experience: Evaluation, feeling, and satisfaction. Journal of Consumer Research, 20(3): 451–466.
  • 15. Morrow, S. (1999), The New Business of Football. London, UK: Macmillan.
  • 16. Neeley, S.M. and Schumann, D.W. 2000. Perceived social approval as a comparison standard in product evaluation and determination of satisfaction. Journal of Consumer Satisfaction, Dissatisfaction and Complaining Behavior, 13: 37–51.
  • 17. Oliver, R.L. 1997. Satisfaction: A behavioral perspective on the consumer, New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
  • 18. Pinnuck M. Porter B. (2006). Impact Of On-Field Football Success On The Off-Field Financial Performance Of AFL Football Clubs. Accounting and Finance. 2006; 46.499517.
  • 19. Richelieu, A. and Pons, F. 2009. If brand equity matters, where is the brand strategy? A look at Canadian hockey teams in the NHL. International Journal of Sport Management and Marketing, 5(1/2): 162–182
  • 20. Russell J, Pratt G. (1980). A description of the affective quality attributed to environments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1980; 38: 311–322.
  • 21. Russell JA, Ward LM. (1982). Environmental psychology. Annual Review of Psychology. 1982; 33: 651–688.
  • 22. Salman GG, Giray CÖ. (2010). Bireylerin futbol taraftarı olmasını etkileyen güdüler ile sadakat arasındaki ilişki: Fenerbahçe taraftarları üzerine bir uygulama. Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2010; 9 (33): 89-97.
  • 23. Soyguden, A. (2014). “The Investigation of The Factors Affecting Stadium Attendance of Professional Football Club Supporters” Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversity, Health Sciences Institute, Published Doctoral Thesis, 24. Sportfive. (2002). European Football: Markets, Events, Clubs, Media, Brands. Hamburg, Germany: Sportfive. 2002.
  • 25. Uhrich, S., & Benkenstein, M. (2010). Sport stadium atmosphere: Formative and reflective indicators for operationalizing the construct. Journal of Sport Management, 24, 211–237
  • 26. Uhrich, S. and Koenigstorfer, J. (2009). Effects of atmosphere at major sports events: A perspective from environmental psychology. International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, 10(4): 325–344.
  • 27. Wann DL. (1997). Motivation and Team Identification to Predict Sport Fans Emotional Responses to Team Performance. Journal of Sport Behavior. 1997; 25(2): 207216
  • 28.Vallerand, R.J., Ntoumanis, N., Philippe, F.L., Lavigne, G.L., Carbonneau, N., Bonneville, A. and Maliha, G. 2008. On passion and sports fans: A look at football. Journal of Sports Sciences, 26(12): 1279–1293.
Year 2018, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 40 - 48, 05.10.2018

Abstract

References

  • 1. Cialdini, R.B., Borden, R. J., Thorne, A., Walker, M. R., Freeman, S. & Sloan, L. R. (1976), ‘Basking in Reflected Glory: Three Football Field Studies’, Journal of Social Psychology and Personality 34(2), 366-375
  • 2. Darden WR, Babin BJ. (1994). Exploring the concept of affective quality: Expanding the concept of retail personality. Journal of Business Research. 1994; 29: 101–109.
  • 3. DeSchriver TD, Rascher DA, Shapiro S. (2013). If we build it, will you come? Examining the effect of expansion teams and soccer-specific stadiums on Major League Soccer attendance. North American Society for Sport Management Conference. 2013.
  • 4. DeSchriver, T.D. & Jensen, P.D. (2002), ‘Determinants of Spectator Attendance at NCAA Division II Football Contests’, Journal of Sport Management 16 (October), 311-330.
  • 5. Funk DC, James J. (2001). ‘The Psychological Continuum Model: A Conceptual Framework for Understanding an Individual’s Psychological Connection to Sport’, Sport Management Review. 2001; 4(2): 119-150.
  • 6. Gençer RT, Aycan A. (2008). Seyircilerin Profesyonel Futbol Müsabakalarına Katılım Kararını Etkileyen Değişkenler Üzerine Bir İnceleme. Ege Akademik Bakış. 2008; 8(2): 771-783.
  • 7. Gifford R. (1997). Environmental psychology. Principles and practice (2nd ed.). Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon. 1997; 350-351.
  • 8. Greenstein, T. N. & Marcum, J. P. (1981), ‘Factors affecting attendance of major league baseball: Team performance’, Review of Sport & Leisure 6(2), 21-34.
  • 9. Grove, J.R., Hanrahan, S.J. and McInman, A. (1991), “Success/failure bias in attributions across involvement categories in sport”, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 17, pp. 93‐7
  • 10. Hirschman, E.C. & Holbrook, M.B. (1982) Hedonic consumption: emerging concepts, methods and propositions, Journal of Marketing 46(3), 92-101.
  • 11. Holahan CJ.(1986). Environmental psychology. Annual Review of Psychology. 1986; 37: 381– 407.
  • 12. Hunt Kenneth A., Bristol Terry, R. Bashaw Edward, (1999) "A conceptual approach to classifying sports fans", Journal of Services Marketing, Vol. 13 Issue: 6, pp.439-452 13. Leeweun, L., Quick, S. and Daniel, K. 2002. The sport satisfaction model: A conceptual framework for understanding the satisfaction of spectators. Sport Management Review, 5(2): 99–128.
  • 14. Mano, H. and Oliver, R.L. 1993. Assessing the dimensionality and structure of consumption experience: Evaluation, feeling, and satisfaction. Journal of Consumer Research, 20(3): 451–466.
  • 15. Morrow, S. (1999), The New Business of Football. London, UK: Macmillan.
  • 16. Neeley, S.M. and Schumann, D.W. 2000. Perceived social approval as a comparison standard in product evaluation and determination of satisfaction. Journal of Consumer Satisfaction, Dissatisfaction and Complaining Behavior, 13: 37–51.
  • 17. Oliver, R.L. 1997. Satisfaction: A behavioral perspective on the consumer, New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
  • 18. Pinnuck M. Porter B. (2006). Impact Of On-Field Football Success On The Off-Field Financial Performance Of AFL Football Clubs. Accounting and Finance. 2006; 46.499517.
  • 19. Richelieu, A. and Pons, F. 2009. If brand equity matters, where is the brand strategy? A look at Canadian hockey teams in the NHL. International Journal of Sport Management and Marketing, 5(1/2): 162–182
  • 20. Russell J, Pratt G. (1980). A description of the affective quality attributed to environments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1980; 38: 311–322.
  • 21. Russell JA, Ward LM. (1982). Environmental psychology. Annual Review of Psychology. 1982; 33: 651–688.
  • 22. Salman GG, Giray CÖ. (2010). Bireylerin futbol taraftarı olmasını etkileyen güdüler ile sadakat arasındaki ilişki: Fenerbahçe taraftarları üzerine bir uygulama. Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2010; 9 (33): 89-97.
  • 23. Soyguden, A. (2014). “The Investigation of The Factors Affecting Stadium Attendance of Professional Football Club Supporters” Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversity, Health Sciences Institute, Published Doctoral Thesis, 24. Sportfive. (2002). European Football: Markets, Events, Clubs, Media, Brands. Hamburg, Germany: Sportfive. 2002.
  • 25. Uhrich, S., & Benkenstein, M. (2010). Sport stadium atmosphere: Formative and reflective indicators for operationalizing the construct. Journal of Sport Management, 24, 211–237
  • 26. Uhrich, S. and Koenigstorfer, J. (2009). Effects of atmosphere at major sports events: A perspective from environmental psychology. International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, 10(4): 325–344.
  • 27. Wann DL. (1997). Motivation and Team Identification to Predict Sport Fans Emotional Responses to Team Performance. Journal of Sport Behavior. 1997; 25(2): 207216
  • 28.Vallerand, R.J., Ntoumanis, N., Philippe, F.L., Lavigne, G.L., Carbonneau, N., Bonneville, A. and Maliha, G. 2008. On passion and sports fans: A look at football. Journal of Sports Sciences, 26(12): 1279–1293.
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section SPORT MANAGEMENT
Authors

Aydoğan Soygüden

Publication Date October 5, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 9 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Soygüden, A. (2018). A COMPARISON OF FENERBAHCE AND GALATASARAY FOOTBALL CLUB FANS: THE FACTORS OF AFFECTING STADIUM PARTICIPATIONS. Pamukkale Journal of Sport Sciences, 9(3), 40-48.