A Theoretical Evaluation of Smart Production Systems and Industrial Robots within the Context of Industry 4.0

Abstract

This study comprehensively addresses the role of intelligent manufacturing systems, industrial robots, and dark factories in production processes and the transformation process brought about by Industry 4.0. Today, manufacturers are pressured to produce higher-quality products with shorter lead times. This requirement has necessitated that production systems become integrated, automated, and intelligent. Smart manufacturing creates flexible, responsive and highly efficient production environments using artificial intelligence (AI), internet of things, big data analytics and robotics. Industrial robots have become systems that can not only act on a task basis but also learn, predict, and actively participate in production processes by interacting with humans. In this direction, dark factories are facilities that can produce 24 hours a day without human intervention and offer significant advantages regarding occupational safety, quality and efficiency. However, there are difficulties in the widespread use of these systems, such as high investment costs, applicability limitations in some sectors and the decreasing need for unskilled labour. In conclusion, for the technological opportunities offered by Industry 4.0 to provide sustainable and inclusive benefits, investments incompetent human resources should be increased, education policies should be restructured, and strategic public support should be activated.

Keywords

• Industrial robots
• intelligent production systems
• artificial intelligence

Endüstri 4.0 Bağlamında Akıllı Üretim Sistemleri ve Endüstriyel Robotlar Üzerine Teorik Bir Değerlendirme

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Endüstri 4.0’ın getirdiği dönüşüm sürecinde akıllı üretim sistemleri, endüstriyel robotlar ve karanlık fabrikaların üretim süreçlerindeki rolünü kapsamlı biçimde ele almaktadır. Günümüzde üreticiler, daha kısa teslim süreleriyle daha yüksek kaliteli ürünler üretme baskısıyla karşı karşıyadır. Bu gereksinim, üretim sistemlerinin entegre, otomatik ve akıllı hâle gelmesini zorunlu kılmıştır. Akıllı üretim; yapay zekâ, nesnelerin interneti, büyük veri analitiği ve robotik sistemlerin entegre kullanımıyla esnek, duyarlı ve yüksek verimli üretim ortamları oluşturmaktadır. Endüstriyel robotlar, yalnızca görev bazlı hareket etmekle kalmayıp, insanlarla etkileşime geçerek öğrenebilen, tahmin yürütebilen ve üretim süreçlerine aktif biçimde katılabilen sistemler hâline gelmiştir. Bu doğrultuda karanlık fabrikalar, insan müdahalesi olmaksızın 24 saat üretim yapılabilen, iş güvenliği, kalite ve verimlilik açısından önemli avantajlar sunan tesislerdir. Ancak bu sistemlerin yaygınlaşmasında; yüksek yatırım maliyetleri, bazı sektörlerde uygulanabilirlik sınırlamaları ve vasıfsız iş gücüne duyulan ihtiyacın azalması gibi zorluklar mevcuttur. Sonuç olarak, Endüstri 4.0’ın sunduğu teknolojik imkânların sürdürülebilir ve kapsayıcı fayda sağlayabilmesi için, yetkin insan kaynağına yapılan yatırımların artırılması, eğitim politikalarının yeniden yapılandırılması ve stratejik kamu desteklerinin devreye alınması gerekmektedir.

Keywords

• Endüstriyel robotlar
• akıllı üretim sistemleri
• yapay zeka

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