Evaluation of African Low-Cost Carriers' Business Models

In the airline transportation industry, profitability is low, costs are high, and competition is intense. In such an environment, the ability of airlines to sustain their operations and increase their market share is closely tied to the business model they adopt. This study evaluates the business models of airlines based on criteria developed by Klophaus et al. and examines seven low-cost airlines operating in the African market in light of these criteria. The study aims to explore the extent to which low-cost airlines blend their characteristics with those of traditional carriers. Data used for evaluating the airlines' business models were obtained from their official websites. According to the findings of the study, a significant portion of low-cost airlines has transformed into hybrid airlines, where budget carrier features dominate. African airline managers should carefully review operations to establish the right balance between cost efficiency and meeting customer needs. Due to its dynamic structure, the aviation industry requires flexibility and adaptation in order to respond to market changes, competitive pressures and changing customer preferences.