Translation

ARMENIANS IN THE 1908 TRABZON ELECTIONS

Number: 44 December 6, 2021
EN TR

ARMENIANS IN THE 1908 TRABZON ELECTIONS

Abstract

The 1908 elections, which constituted the first parliament of the Second Constitutional Era, was one of the most important phases of Turkish political life and was one of the most debated developments in recent Turkish history. Various disputes have been experienced over the elections that have been held throughout Turkish political life. However, what made the 1908 elections more specific and meaningful than the others were the high expectations of the millets (nations) forming the Empire from the Constitution and the Committee of Union and Progress. The Second Constitutional Era, which was re-declared after a protracted struggle, had led the Muslims as well as the non-Muslim millets to have great hopes and expectations that all the problems in the Empire would come to an end. The 1908 elections elicited much public interest in the multi-national, religious, and cultural places of the Empire that also possessed strong social organizations. In this respect, disputes over the application of the elections and allegations of election fraud occurred especially in the cosmopolitan cities of the Empire. Cities that reflected bourgeois cosmopolitism, especially important cities such as Istanbul, Izmir, and Trabzon, were the main places where discussions about the elections took place. The province of Trabzon was an important Turkish city that had to be taken into consideration especially by foreign diplomats due to the fact that, along with its non-Muslim population such as the Armenians and Greeks, etc., it also was accepted as a port of origin for trade. Thus, the Armenian issue, which was one of the leading problems that was attempted to be created in the critical cities of the Empire for quite a while, was attempted to be made into a problem in Trabzon as well under the pretext of the elections. For this reason, the French Consulate in Trabzon showed a special interest in the disputes related to this election and recorded the developments in its reports.

Keywords

References

  1. Archives of the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs / Archives du Ministèredes Affaires Étrangères (AMAE) /Centredes Archives Diplomatiques de Nantes (CADN)
  2. Archives du Ministère des Affaires Étrangères (AMAE) / Centredes Archives Diplomatiques de Nantes (CADN), Ambassade de France A Constantinople, Carton 74/190 “The Report Dated 27 November 1908 Sent by France’s Trabzon Consulate to the İstanbul Embassy Concerning the Elections” Nr.33.
  3. AMAE / CADN, Ambassade de France A Constantinople, Carton 74/190, “The Report Dated 30 December 1908 Sent by France’s Trabzon Consulate to the İstanbul Embassy Concerning the Elections” Nr.39.
  4. AMAE / CADN, Ambassade de France A Constantinople, Carton 74/190, “The Report Dated 3 January 1909 Sent by France’s Trabzon Consulate to the İstanbul Embassy Concerning the Elections” Nr.2.
  5. AMAE / CADN, Ambassade de France A Constantinople, Carton 74/190, “The Text of the Telegram to be Presented to the Grand Vizier and Presidency of the Chamber of Deputies, Attached to the Report Dated 3 January 1909 Sent by France’s Trabzon Consulate to the İstanbul Embassy Concerning the Elections” Nr.2 /1.
  6. Ottoman Archives of the Turkish Presidency, Secretariat of the Ottoman Ministry of Internal Affairs (BOA., DH. MKT.)
  7. BOA., DH. MKT., 02700.00067.001, 20 Kanun-ı Evvel 1324.
  8. BOA., DH. MKT., 02700.00067.002, 22 Kanun-ı Evvel 1324.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Political Science

Journal Section

Translation

Publication Date

December 6, 2021

Submission Date

November 29, 2021

Acceptance Date

December 2, 2021

Published in Issue

Year 2021 Number: 44

APA
Tunç, S. (2021). ARMENIANS IN THE 1908 TRABZON ELECTIONS (A. C. Öktem, Trans.). Review of Armenian Studies, 44, 83-106. https://izlik.org/JA27FC94GM
AMA
1.Tunç S. ARMENIANS IN THE 1908 TRABZON ELECTIONS. RAS. 2021;(44):83-106. https://izlik.org/JA27FC94GM
Chicago
Tunç, Salih. 2021. “ARMENIANS IN THE 1908 TRABZON ELECTIONS”. Translated by Ahmet Can Öktem. Review of Armenian Studies, nos. 44 (December): 83-106. https://izlik.org/JA27FC94GM.
EndNote
Tunç S (December 1, 2021) ARMENIANS IN THE 1908 TRABZON ELECTIONS. Review of Armenian Studies 44 83–106.
IEEE
[1]S. Tunç, “ARMENIANS IN THE 1908 TRABZON ELECTIONS”, RAS, no. 44, pp. 83–106, Dec. 2021, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA27FC94GM
ISNAD
Tunç, Salih. “ARMENIANS IN THE 1908 TRABZON ELECTIONS”. Review of Armenian Studies. Trans. Ahmet Can Öktem. 44 (December 1, 2021): 83-106. https://izlik.org/JA27FC94GM.
JAMA
1.Tunç S. ARMENIANS IN THE 1908 TRABZON ELECTIONS. RAS. 2021;:83–106.
MLA
Tunç, Salih. “ARMENIANS IN THE 1908 TRABZON ELECTIONS”. Review of Armenian Studies, translated by Ahmet Can Öktem, no. 44, Dec. 2021, pp. 83-106, https://izlik.org/JA27FC94GM.
Vancouver
1.Salih Tunç. ARMENIANS IN THE 1908 TRABZON ELECTIONS. RAS [Internet]. 2021 Dec. 1;(44):83-106. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA27FC94GM