BibTex RIS Cite

REVIEW ESSAY: AURORE BRUNA’S ANTI-HISTORY OF THE ANKARA AGREEMENT

Year 2021, Issue: 43, 141 - 175, 01.10.2021

Abstract

The political affiliation and agenda of authors are not, in themselves, relevant to assess the value of their books; but the counterpart of this principle is that historians must, as much as possible, leave aside their political preferences in working on history and in writing it. Aurore Bruna is currently (2021) serving as chair of the Ramkavar-affiliated Armenian General Benevolent Union (AGBU, UGAB in France) of Marseille, after having been, from 2018 to 2020, president of the southern branch of Coordination Council of France’s Armenian Associations (CCAF), also headquartered in Marseille. Regrettably, this book is not a scholarly contribution; it is not even a partly valuable, politically oriented work akin to what other Armenian nationalist historians have made. This is, rather, a kind of political tract, but without the quality of any ordinary tract, namely concision. It is a repetition of most of the traditional grievances of the Armenian nationalists against Turkey, the French diplomacy, and the large majority of the French press in 1920-1923. According to these grievances, in essence; the Armenians, a people entirely made up of innocents, were betrayed by France (and other powers) for poorly conceived economic interests, while Turkey is evil and the Turks have never done anything right.

References

  • Archives du ministère des Affaires étrangères, La Courneuve - Microfilms P 1380, P 1426, P 1528, P 1531, P 14497, P 16670, P 16671, P 16742, P 17784, P 17785, P 17787
  • Archives du ministère des Affaires étrangères, La Courneuve - 118 PA-AP 62 ; 196 PA-AP 6, 196 PA-AP 8 ; 399 PA-AP 130.
  • Centre des archives diplomatiques de Nantes - 1SL/1V/126, 1SL/1V/135, 1SL/1V/160, 1SL/1V/166, 1SVL/1V/174, 1SL/1V/183, 1SL/1V/222.
  • Service historique de la défense, Vincennes - 1 BB7 236, 1 BB7 238 ;
  • Service historique de la défense, Vincennes - 4 H 3, 4 H 42, 4 H 58, 4 H 59
  • Service historique de la défense, Vincennes - 11 J 3073
  • Service historique de la défense, Vincennes - 6 N 197 ; 20 N 1103
  • National Archives and Record Administration, College Park - RG 84, Records of Foreign Service Posts, Diplomatic Posts Istanbul, vol. 216.
  • Dilan, Hasan (ed.) Les Événements arméniens dans les documents diplomatiques français. Ankara: TTK, 2005, volume I.
  • Documents diplomatiques. Affaires arméniennes (1895-1896). Supplément. Paris: Imprimerie nationale, 1897.
  • Nahum, Henri (ed.) La Grande Guerre et la guerre gréco-turque vue par les instituteurs de l’Alliance israélite universelle d’İzmir. İstanbul: Les éditions Isis, 2003.
  • Şimşir, Bilâl (ed.) British Documents on Ottoman Armenians, volume III, 1891-1895. Ankara: TTK, 2008 (1st edition, 1989).
  • ***, « Le soldat syrien », Le Correspondant, 25 septembre 1924, pp. 865-877.
  • Aharonian, Avetis. “From Sardarapat to Sèvres and Lausanne. A political Diary — Part III.” Armenian Review, XV-1, Spring 1963: pp. 56-65.
  • Auboyneau, Gaston. La Journée du 26 août 1896 à la Banque impériale ottoman. Villeurbanne: Imprimerie Chaix, 1912.
  • Barton, James L. Story of the Near East Relief. An Interpretation. New York: The MacMillan, 1930.
  • Cirilli, Gustave. Journal du siège d’Andrinople (Impressions d’un assiégé). Paris: Chapelot, 1913.
  • de Gontaut-Biron, Roger. Comment la France s’est installée en Syrie (1919-1920). Paris: Plon-Nourrit, 1922.
  • du Véou, Paul. Le Désastre d’Alexandrette. Paris: Baudinière, 1938.
  • du Véou, Paul (Paul de Rémusat). Chrétiens en péril au Moussa Dagh. Paris: Baudinière, 1939.
  • du Véou, Paul (Paul de Rémusat). La Passion de la Cilicie. Paris: Paul Geuthner, 1954 (1st edition, 1937).
  • Ellison, Grace. An Englishwoman in Angora. London: Hutchinson & C°, 1923.
  • Farrère, Claude. Souvenirs. Paris: Fayard, 1953.
  • Gautherot, Gustave. La France en Syrie et en Cilicie. Courbevoie: Librairie indépendante, 1920.
  • Haccius, Rodolphe and Henri Guénod. « Un document sur les dévastations grecques », Échos de l’Orient, 1er février 1923, pp. 493-497.
  • Harbord, James G. Conditions in the Near East. Report of the American military mission to Armenia. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1920.
  • Hartunian, Abraham H. Neither to Laugh nor to Weep. Boston: Beacon Press, 1976.
  • Holmes, Mary Caroline. Between the Lines in Asia Minor. New York-Chicago-London-Edinburgh: Fleming H. Revell Company, 1923.
  • Horton, George. The Blight of Asia. Indianapolis: Bobbs Merrill C°, 1926.
  • Kuneralp, Sinan (ed.) Une ambassadrice de France à Constantinople. Les souvenirs de Gabrielle Bompard de Blignières, 1909-1914. İstanbul: Les éditions Isis, 2016.
  • Lepsius, Johannes. Le Rapport secret du Dr Johannès Lepsius sur les massacres d’Arménie. Paris, Payot, 1918.
  • Loti, Pierre. La Mort de notre chère France en Orient. Paris: Calmann-Lévy, 1920.
  • Loti, Pierre. Soldats bleus. Journal intime, 1914-1918. Paris: La Table ronde, 2014.
  • Lyautey, Pierre. Le Drame oriental et le rôle de la France. Paris: Société d’éditions géographiques, maritimes et coloniales, 1923.
  • Massigli, René. La Turquie devant la guerre. Mission à Ankara, 1939-1940. Paris: Plon, 1964.
  • Normand, Robert. Colonnes dans le Levant. Paris-Limoges: Charles-Lavauzelle & Cie, 1924.
  • Paillarès, Michel. Le Kémalisme devant les Alliés. İstanbul-Paris: éditions du Bosphore, 1922.
  • Pichon, Jean. Sur la route des Indes un siècle après Bonaparte. Paris: Société d’éditions géographiques, maritimes et coloniales, 1932.
  • Puaux, René. « La Grèce et la question d’Orient », Revue bleue, 4 février 1922.
  • Reşat, Nihat. Les Grecs à Smyrne. Paris: Imprimerie Kossuth, 1920.
  • Rouillon, Léon. Pour la Turquie. Paris: Grasset, 1921.
  • Tchobanian, Archag. L’Arménie, son histoire, sa littérature, son rôle en Orient. Paris: Mercure de France, 1897.
  • Toynbee, Arnold. “The Truth About Near East Atrocities,” Current History, XVIII-4, July 1923: pp. 544-551.
  • Turabian, Aram. L’Éternelle victime de la diplomatie européenne : l’Arménie. Marseille: Imprimerie nouvelle, 1929.
  • Varandian, Mikael. Rapport présenté au congrès socialiste international de Copenhague par le parti arménien « Daschnaktzoutioun ». Turquie — Caucase — Perse. Geneva, 1910.
  • Whitman, Sidney. Turkish Memories. New York-London: Chas. Schriber’s Sons/William Heinemann, 1914
  • “Study the Armenian Genocide with Confidence, Ara Sarafian Suggests.” The Armenian Reporter, December 20, 2008.
  • Aftandilian, Gregory L. Armenia, Visions of a Republic. The Independence Lobby in America, 1918-1927. Boston: Charles River Books, 1981.
  • Armenian Terrorism and the Paris Trial/Terrorisme arménien et procès de Paris. Ankara: Ankara University, 1984.
  • Atamian, Sarkis. The Armenian Community. New York: Philosophical Library, 1955.
  • Bardoux, Jacques. Lloyd George et la France. Paris: Félix Alcan, 1923.
  • Bariéty, Jacques (ed.), Aristide Briand, la Société des nations et l’Europe. 1919-1932. Strasbourg: Presses universitaires de Strasbourg, 2007.
  • Criss, Nur Bilge. Istanbul under Allied Occupation, 1918-1923. Leiden-Boston-Köln: E. J. Brill, 1999.
  • Despuech, Jacques. Le Trafic des piastres. Paris: La Table ronde, 1974 (1st edition, 1953).
  • Dumont, Paul. “Jewish Communities in Turkey during the Last Decades of the Nineteenth Century in the Light of the Archives of the Alliance Israélite Universelle.” In Benjamin Braude and Bernard Lewis (ed.), Christians and Jews in the Ottoman Empire, pp. 209-242. New York-London: Holmes & Meier, 1982, volume I.
  • Gauin, Maxime. “The Missed Occasion: Successes of the Hamidian Police Against the Armenian Revolutionaries, 1905-1908.” Review of Armenian Studies, Issue 30 (2014): pp. 113-131.
  • Gauin, Maxime. “Uneven Repression: The Ottoman state and its Armenians.” In Edward J. Erickson (ed.), A Global History of Relocation in Counter-Insurgency Warfare, pp. 115-140. London-New York: Bloomsbury, 2019.
  • Gawrych, George. The Young Atatürk. From Ottoman Soldier to Statesman of Turkey (London-New York: I. B. Tauris, 2013).
  • Georgeon, François. « La presse de langue française entre les deux guerres mondiales ». In G. Groc and İ. Çağlar (ed.), La Presse française de Turquie, de 1795 à nos jours, pp. 27-40. İstanbul: Les éditions Isis, 1985.
  • Güçlü, Yücel. Historical Archives and the Historians’ Commission to Investigate the Armenian Events of 1915. Lanham: University Press of America, 2015.
  • Gunn, Christopher. “Getting Away With Murder. Soghomon Tehlirian, ASALA and the Justice Commandos, 1921-1984.” In Hakan Yavuz and Feroz Ahmad (ed.), War and Collapse, pp. 909-91. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 2016.
  • Gürün, Kâmuran. Le Dossier arménien. Triangle, 1984.
  • Howard, Harry N. The King-Crane Commission: An American Inquiry in the Middle East. Beirut: Khayats, 1963.
  • Issawi, Charles. “The Transformation of the Economic Position of the Millets in the Nineteenth Century.” In Benjamin Braude and Bernard Lewis (ed.), Christians and Jews in the Ottoman Empire, pp. 261-286. New York-London: Holmes & Meier, 1982, volume I.
  • Jevakhoff, Alexandre. Kemal Atatürk. Père fondateur de la Turquie. Paris: Tallandier, 2015.
  • Kontente, Leon. L’Antisémitisme grec en Asie mineure. Smyrne, 1774-1924. İstanbul: Libra, 2015.
  • Krikorian, Mesrob K. Armenians in the Service of the Ottoman Empire. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1977.
  • Lewis, Bernard. Notes on a Century. Reflections of a Middle East Historian. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2012.
  • Lewy, Guenter. The Armenian Massacres in Ottoman Turkey. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 2005.
  • Malkasian, Mark. “The Disintegration of the Armenian Cause in the United States, 1918-1927.” International Journal of Middle East Studies, XVI-3, August 1984: pp. 349-365.
  • McCarthy, Justin. Muslims and Minorities. The Population of Ottoman Anatolia and the End of the Empire. New York-London: New York University Press, 1983
  • Nassibian, Akaby. Britain and the Armenian Question, 1915-1923. London-Sydney: Croom Helm, 1984.
  • Olusoga, David and Casper Erichsen. The Kaiser’s Holocaust. London: Faber & Faber, 2010.
  • Pekin, Fuat. Atatürk et le maréchal Lyautey. Nancy: Publications de la Fondation Lyautey, 1961.
  • Quella-Villéger, Alain. La Politique méditerranéenne de la France. Un témoin, Pierre Loti. Paris: L’Harmattan, 1992.
  • Renouvin, Pierre. « Les buts de guerre du gouvernement français (1914-1918) ». Revue historique, CCXXXV-1, janvier-mars 1966: pp. 1-38.
  • Rodrigue, Aron. French Jews, Turkish Jews. The Alliance israélite universelle and the Politics of Jewish Schooling, 1860-1925. Bloomington-Indianapolis: University of Indiana Press, 1990.
  • Roth, François. Raymond Poincaré. Un homme d’État républicain. Paris, Fayard, 2000.
  • Salt, Jeremy. Imperialism, Evangelism and the Ottoman Armenians, 1878-1896. London-Portland: Frank Cass, 1993.
  • Shaw, Stanford Jay. From Empire to Republic. The Turkish War of National Liberation, 1918-1923. Ankara, TTK, 2000.
  • Soutou, Georges-Henri. « La France et les marches de l’est, 1914-1919 ». Revue historique, CCLX-4, octobre-décembre 1978: pp. 341-388.
  • Stone, Norman. “A Bungled Case for the Prosecution.” The Spectator, April 27, 2004, p. 43.
  • Tashjian, James. “On a ‘Statement’ Condemning the Armenian genocide of 1918 Attributed in Error to Mustafa Kemal, Later ‘The Ataturk.” Armenian Review, XXXV/3-139, Autumn 1982: pp. 227-244.
  • Terrorist Attack at Orly: Statements and Evidence Presented at the Trial, February 19 - March 2, 1985. Ankara: Faculty of Political Science, 1985.
  • Union nationale arménienne de France and Comité de défense de la cause de l’Arménie turque. La Cause nationale arménienne. Paris, 1945.
  • Zamir, Meir. “Population statistics of the Ottoman empire in 1914 and 1919.” Middle Eastern Studies, XVII-1, January 1981: pp. 85-106.

DEĞERLENDİRME YAZISI: AURORE BRUNA’NIN ANKARA ANTLAŞMASI HAKKINDAKİ ÇARPIK TARİHÇESİ

Year 2021, Issue: 43, 141 - 175, 01.10.2021

Abstract

Yazarların kitaplarının değerlendirilmesinde, onların siyasi bağlantılarının ve gayelerinin tek başlarına bir önemi yoktur. Ancak tarihçiler bir ilke olarak tarih üzerine çalışır ve hakkında yazarken siyasi tercihlerini olabildiğince bir kenara bırakmalılardır. Aurore Bruna şu anda (2021) Marsilya’daki Ramgavar bağlantılı Ermeni Hayırseverler Genel Birliği başkanı olarak görev yapmaktadır. Kendisi 2018-2020 yıllarında ise yine Marsilya merkezli Fransa Ermeni Dernekleri Koordinasyon Konseyi’nin güney şubesine başkanlık etmiştir. Ne yazık ki bu kitap akademik anlamda bir katkı sunmamakta, hatta diğer Ermeni milliyetçi tarihçilerinin hazırlamış olduğu siyasi eğilimli eserlerin aksine kısmen bile olsa bir değer taşımamaktadır. Bruna’nun kitabı daha ziyade bir siyasi risale niteliğindedir, ancak olağan bir risalenin özelliği olan konu özetlemesini bile yapmamaktadır. Kitap; Ermeni milliyetçilerin Türkiye, Fransız diplomasisi ve 1920-1923 yılları arasındaki Fransız basınını çoğunluğuna yönelttikleri geleneksel şikayetlerinin çoğunluğunun tekrarı niteliğindedir. Bu şikayetlere göre, özetle; tamamı masumlardan oluşan Ermeni halkı Fransa (ve diğer güçler) tarafından kötü hesaplanmış ekonomik çıkarlar yüzünden ihanete uğramıştır, Türkiye kötüdür ve Türkler ise hiçbir zaman doğru bir şeyler yapmamışlardır. 

References

  • Archives du ministère des Affaires étrangères, La Courneuve - Microfilms P 1380, P 1426, P 1528, P 1531, P 14497, P 16670, P 16671, P 16742, P 17784, P 17785, P 17787
  • Archives du ministère des Affaires étrangères, La Courneuve - 118 PA-AP 62 ; 196 PA-AP 6, 196 PA-AP 8 ; 399 PA-AP 130.
  • Centre des archives diplomatiques de Nantes - 1SL/1V/126, 1SL/1V/135, 1SL/1V/160, 1SL/1V/166, 1SVL/1V/174, 1SL/1V/183, 1SL/1V/222.
  • Service historique de la défense, Vincennes - 1 BB7 236, 1 BB7 238 ;
  • Service historique de la défense, Vincennes - 4 H 3, 4 H 42, 4 H 58, 4 H 59
  • Service historique de la défense, Vincennes - 11 J 3073
  • Service historique de la défense, Vincennes - 6 N 197 ; 20 N 1103
  • National Archives and Record Administration, College Park - RG 84, Records of Foreign Service Posts, Diplomatic Posts Istanbul, vol. 216.
  • Dilan, Hasan (ed.) Les Événements arméniens dans les documents diplomatiques français. Ankara: TTK, 2005, volume I.
  • Documents diplomatiques. Affaires arméniennes (1895-1896). Supplément. Paris: Imprimerie nationale, 1897.
  • Nahum, Henri (ed.) La Grande Guerre et la guerre gréco-turque vue par les instituteurs de l’Alliance israélite universelle d’İzmir. İstanbul: Les éditions Isis, 2003.
  • Şimşir, Bilâl (ed.) British Documents on Ottoman Armenians, volume III, 1891-1895. Ankara: TTK, 2008 (1st edition, 1989).
  • ***, « Le soldat syrien », Le Correspondant, 25 septembre 1924, pp. 865-877.
  • Aharonian, Avetis. “From Sardarapat to Sèvres and Lausanne. A political Diary — Part III.” Armenian Review, XV-1, Spring 1963: pp. 56-65.
  • Auboyneau, Gaston. La Journée du 26 août 1896 à la Banque impériale ottoman. Villeurbanne: Imprimerie Chaix, 1912.
  • Barton, James L. Story of the Near East Relief. An Interpretation. New York: The MacMillan, 1930.
  • Cirilli, Gustave. Journal du siège d’Andrinople (Impressions d’un assiégé). Paris: Chapelot, 1913.
  • de Gontaut-Biron, Roger. Comment la France s’est installée en Syrie (1919-1920). Paris: Plon-Nourrit, 1922.
  • du Véou, Paul. Le Désastre d’Alexandrette. Paris: Baudinière, 1938.
  • du Véou, Paul (Paul de Rémusat). Chrétiens en péril au Moussa Dagh. Paris: Baudinière, 1939.
  • du Véou, Paul (Paul de Rémusat). La Passion de la Cilicie. Paris: Paul Geuthner, 1954 (1st edition, 1937).
  • Ellison, Grace. An Englishwoman in Angora. London: Hutchinson & C°, 1923.
  • Farrère, Claude. Souvenirs. Paris: Fayard, 1953.
  • Gautherot, Gustave. La France en Syrie et en Cilicie. Courbevoie: Librairie indépendante, 1920.
  • Haccius, Rodolphe and Henri Guénod. « Un document sur les dévastations grecques », Échos de l’Orient, 1er février 1923, pp. 493-497.
  • Harbord, James G. Conditions in the Near East. Report of the American military mission to Armenia. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1920.
  • Hartunian, Abraham H. Neither to Laugh nor to Weep. Boston: Beacon Press, 1976.
  • Holmes, Mary Caroline. Between the Lines in Asia Minor. New York-Chicago-London-Edinburgh: Fleming H. Revell Company, 1923.
  • Horton, George. The Blight of Asia. Indianapolis: Bobbs Merrill C°, 1926.
  • Kuneralp, Sinan (ed.) Une ambassadrice de France à Constantinople. Les souvenirs de Gabrielle Bompard de Blignières, 1909-1914. İstanbul: Les éditions Isis, 2016.
  • Lepsius, Johannes. Le Rapport secret du Dr Johannès Lepsius sur les massacres d’Arménie. Paris, Payot, 1918.
  • Loti, Pierre. La Mort de notre chère France en Orient. Paris: Calmann-Lévy, 1920.
  • Loti, Pierre. Soldats bleus. Journal intime, 1914-1918. Paris: La Table ronde, 2014.
  • Lyautey, Pierre. Le Drame oriental et le rôle de la France. Paris: Société d’éditions géographiques, maritimes et coloniales, 1923.
  • Massigli, René. La Turquie devant la guerre. Mission à Ankara, 1939-1940. Paris: Plon, 1964.
  • Normand, Robert. Colonnes dans le Levant. Paris-Limoges: Charles-Lavauzelle & Cie, 1924.
  • Paillarès, Michel. Le Kémalisme devant les Alliés. İstanbul-Paris: éditions du Bosphore, 1922.
  • Pichon, Jean. Sur la route des Indes un siècle après Bonaparte. Paris: Société d’éditions géographiques, maritimes et coloniales, 1932.
  • Puaux, René. « La Grèce et la question d’Orient », Revue bleue, 4 février 1922.
  • Reşat, Nihat. Les Grecs à Smyrne. Paris: Imprimerie Kossuth, 1920.
  • Rouillon, Léon. Pour la Turquie. Paris: Grasset, 1921.
  • Tchobanian, Archag. L’Arménie, son histoire, sa littérature, son rôle en Orient. Paris: Mercure de France, 1897.
  • Toynbee, Arnold. “The Truth About Near East Atrocities,” Current History, XVIII-4, July 1923: pp. 544-551.
  • Turabian, Aram. L’Éternelle victime de la diplomatie européenne : l’Arménie. Marseille: Imprimerie nouvelle, 1929.
  • Varandian, Mikael. Rapport présenté au congrès socialiste international de Copenhague par le parti arménien « Daschnaktzoutioun ». Turquie — Caucase — Perse. Geneva, 1910.
  • Whitman, Sidney. Turkish Memories. New York-London: Chas. Schriber’s Sons/William Heinemann, 1914
  • “Study the Armenian Genocide with Confidence, Ara Sarafian Suggests.” The Armenian Reporter, December 20, 2008.
  • Aftandilian, Gregory L. Armenia, Visions of a Republic. The Independence Lobby in America, 1918-1927. Boston: Charles River Books, 1981.
  • Armenian Terrorism and the Paris Trial/Terrorisme arménien et procès de Paris. Ankara: Ankara University, 1984.
  • Atamian, Sarkis. The Armenian Community. New York: Philosophical Library, 1955.
  • Bardoux, Jacques. Lloyd George et la France. Paris: Félix Alcan, 1923.
  • Bariéty, Jacques (ed.), Aristide Briand, la Société des nations et l’Europe. 1919-1932. Strasbourg: Presses universitaires de Strasbourg, 2007.
  • Criss, Nur Bilge. Istanbul under Allied Occupation, 1918-1923. Leiden-Boston-Köln: E. J. Brill, 1999.
  • Despuech, Jacques. Le Trafic des piastres. Paris: La Table ronde, 1974 (1st edition, 1953).
  • Dumont, Paul. “Jewish Communities in Turkey during the Last Decades of the Nineteenth Century in the Light of the Archives of the Alliance Israélite Universelle.” In Benjamin Braude and Bernard Lewis (ed.), Christians and Jews in the Ottoman Empire, pp. 209-242. New York-London: Holmes & Meier, 1982, volume I.
  • Gauin, Maxime. “The Missed Occasion: Successes of the Hamidian Police Against the Armenian Revolutionaries, 1905-1908.” Review of Armenian Studies, Issue 30 (2014): pp. 113-131.
  • Gauin, Maxime. “Uneven Repression: The Ottoman state and its Armenians.” In Edward J. Erickson (ed.), A Global History of Relocation in Counter-Insurgency Warfare, pp. 115-140. London-New York: Bloomsbury, 2019.
  • Gawrych, George. The Young Atatürk. From Ottoman Soldier to Statesman of Turkey (London-New York: I. B. Tauris, 2013).
  • Georgeon, François. « La presse de langue française entre les deux guerres mondiales ». In G. Groc and İ. Çağlar (ed.), La Presse française de Turquie, de 1795 à nos jours, pp. 27-40. İstanbul: Les éditions Isis, 1985.
  • Güçlü, Yücel. Historical Archives and the Historians’ Commission to Investigate the Armenian Events of 1915. Lanham: University Press of America, 2015.
  • Gunn, Christopher. “Getting Away With Murder. Soghomon Tehlirian, ASALA and the Justice Commandos, 1921-1984.” In Hakan Yavuz and Feroz Ahmad (ed.), War and Collapse, pp. 909-91. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 2016.
  • Gürün, Kâmuran. Le Dossier arménien. Triangle, 1984.
  • Howard, Harry N. The King-Crane Commission: An American Inquiry in the Middle East. Beirut: Khayats, 1963.
  • Issawi, Charles. “The Transformation of the Economic Position of the Millets in the Nineteenth Century.” In Benjamin Braude and Bernard Lewis (ed.), Christians and Jews in the Ottoman Empire, pp. 261-286. New York-London: Holmes & Meier, 1982, volume I.
  • Jevakhoff, Alexandre. Kemal Atatürk. Père fondateur de la Turquie. Paris: Tallandier, 2015.
  • Kontente, Leon. L’Antisémitisme grec en Asie mineure. Smyrne, 1774-1924. İstanbul: Libra, 2015.
  • Krikorian, Mesrob K. Armenians in the Service of the Ottoman Empire. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1977.
  • Lewis, Bernard. Notes on a Century. Reflections of a Middle East Historian. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2012.
  • Lewy, Guenter. The Armenian Massacres in Ottoman Turkey. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 2005.
  • Malkasian, Mark. “The Disintegration of the Armenian Cause in the United States, 1918-1927.” International Journal of Middle East Studies, XVI-3, August 1984: pp. 349-365.
  • McCarthy, Justin. Muslims and Minorities. The Population of Ottoman Anatolia and the End of the Empire. New York-London: New York University Press, 1983
  • Nassibian, Akaby. Britain and the Armenian Question, 1915-1923. London-Sydney: Croom Helm, 1984.
  • Olusoga, David and Casper Erichsen. The Kaiser’s Holocaust. London: Faber & Faber, 2010.
  • Pekin, Fuat. Atatürk et le maréchal Lyautey. Nancy: Publications de la Fondation Lyautey, 1961.
  • Quella-Villéger, Alain. La Politique méditerranéenne de la France. Un témoin, Pierre Loti. Paris: L’Harmattan, 1992.
  • Renouvin, Pierre. « Les buts de guerre du gouvernement français (1914-1918) ». Revue historique, CCXXXV-1, janvier-mars 1966: pp. 1-38.
  • Rodrigue, Aron. French Jews, Turkish Jews. The Alliance israélite universelle and the Politics of Jewish Schooling, 1860-1925. Bloomington-Indianapolis: University of Indiana Press, 1990.
  • Roth, François. Raymond Poincaré. Un homme d’État républicain. Paris, Fayard, 2000.
  • Salt, Jeremy. Imperialism, Evangelism and the Ottoman Armenians, 1878-1896. London-Portland: Frank Cass, 1993.
  • Shaw, Stanford Jay. From Empire to Republic. The Turkish War of National Liberation, 1918-1923. Ankara, TTK, 2000.
  • Soutou, Georges-Henri. « La France et les marches de l’est, 1914-1919 ». Revue historique, CCLX-4, octobre-décembre 1978: pp. 341-388.
  • Stone, Norman. “A Bungled Case for the Prosecution.” The Spectator, April 27, 2004, p. 43.
  • Tashjian, James. “On a ‘Statement’ Condemning the Armenian genocide of 1918 Attributed in Error to Mustafa Kemal, Later ‘The Ataturk.” Armenian Review, XXXV/3-139, Autumn 1982: pp. 227-244.
  • Terrorist Attack at Orly: Statements and Evidence Presented at the Trial, February 19 - March 2, 1985. Ankara: Faculty of Political Science, 1985.
  • Union nationale arménienne de France and Comité de défense de la cause de l’Arménie turque. La Cause nationale arménienne. Paris, 1945.
  • Zamir, Meir. “Population statistics of the Ottoman empire in 1914 and 1919.” Middle Eastern Studies, XVII-1, January 1981: pp. 85-106.
There are 86 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Political Science
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Maxime Gauin This is me 0000-0003-3785-6614

Publication Date October 1, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Issue: 43

Cite

Chicago Gauin, Maxime. “REVIEW ESSAY: AURORE BRUNA’S ANTI-HISTORY OF THE ANKARA AGREEMENT”. Review of Armenian Studies, no. 43 (October 2021): 141-75.