The index of Nâyî Ali Dede’s notebook as Rauf Yekta’s reference source
Year 2024,
Volume: 12 Issue: 4, 393 - 417
Nilgün Doğrusöz Dişiaçık
,
Semih Pelen
Abstract
In recent years, thanks to the state and private archives being opened to the public, a lot of new information has started to emerge. When sources are subjected to in-depth analyses, much existing information can be reinterpreted. The ITU Ottoman Turkish Music Research Group, which has worked on three archives to date, has brought a selection from Rauf Yekta Bey›s archive, which was inaccessible for 80 years, to interested readers through the book Rauf Yekta Bey’in Musiki Antikaları. The index numbered N-153/2, which is included in this book and written in Yekta Bey›s handwriting, is at the centre of our article. As a matter of fact, it is understood that this index was copied by Rauf Yekta Bey from a Hampartsum notebook believed to have been written by Nâyi Ali Dede, and that it was an important reference source for him. Based on its relations with other notebooks in the Yekta archive, the index also provides important clues about Nâyî Ali Dede›s notebook and helps to reveal new information about other sheet music collections. Some studies on the subject are sceptical about Nâyî Ali Dede›s authorship of the notebook due to his living dates and emphasise that he could only have been a collector. To examine Nâyî Ali Dede›s relationship with Hampartsum notation, the index was also compared with the notebooks believed to be Hampartsum autographs in terms of repertoire and notational practices. Before that, the notebooks believed to be Hampartsum autographs were examined, and it was discussed whether they could have been written by Hampartsum Limonciyan and various conclusions were drawn about the subject.
Ethical Statement
As the authors of the current study, we declare that no ethics committee decision was required to conduct our study.
Supporting Institution
we did not receive funding from any organisation, and that we have no conflict of interest. We would like to thank the CMO project for permission to use the Hampartsum truetype fonts ‘VF OttoAneumatic’.
Thanks
We would like to thank the CMO project for permission to use the Hampartsum truetype fonts ‘VF OttoAneumatic’. We would also like to thank Sylvia Glover for her contribution to the study by undertaking the language proofreading.
References
- Avcı, M. (2021). Türkçede bestelemek anlamına gelen kelimeler için bir şecere denemesi (A genealogy of beste (composition) and its synonyms in Turkish). In A.Ş. Koç, Ü. Çağlar & A. Çevik (Eds.), Current Debates in Social Sciences 2021 (1st ed., pp. 269-289).
- Ayangil, R. (2021). Mûsikînin son vak’anüvislerinden Neyzen Emin (Yazıcı) Dede ve kaydettikleri (Neyzen Emin (Yazıcı) Dede, one of the last chroniclers of music, and his accounts). In Ayan, Ö., Kırlıkçı, O., Saykal, M. S. (Eds.). Mevlevi Ayinleri Mecmuası, Neyzen Emin Dede (pp. 9-14). T.C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı.
- Başer, F.A. (2014). Mevlevihâne, Hamparsum, kilise ve neyzenlere dâir (About the Mevlevihane, Hamparsum, church and ney players). Yeni Türkiye, 60(Special issue on Armenian Matter, 801–819.
- Benlioğlu, S. (2017). Osmanlı Sarayında Mûsikînin Himâyesi (III. Selim ve II. Mahmud Dönemi) (The patronage of music in the Ottoman palace (Selim III and Mahmud II Period)). Doctoral Dissertation. Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkiye.
- Değirmenci, Z.T. (2023). Bir gösterge sistemi olarak hamparsum müzik yazısının sosyokültürel çözümlemesi (A sociocultural analysis of the hamparsum music notation as a sign system). Doctoral Dissertation. Yıldız Technical University. İstanbul, Turkiye.
- Demirtaş, S. (2022). Codex TR-Iüne 203-1. Critical Edition of Hampartsum Manuscript YZPER2 in the Private Archive of Ali Rifat Çağatay. Retrieved November 10, 2023, from https://corpus-musicae-ottomanicae.de/ receive/cmo_mods_00000431
- Demirtaş, Y. (2007). XIX. yüzyıl İstanbul’unda Tekke Mûsikîsi (The sufi music of İstanbul in XIX. century). Doctoral Dissertation. Ankara University. Ankara, Turkiye.
- Dimitriou, M. & Pelen, S. (2023). An archive of variants - Hampartsum notation and variability in the transmission of Ottoman art music. MSGSÜ Sosyal Bilimler, 27, 30-48. DOI: 10.56074/msgsusbd.1268824
- Doğrusöz, N. (Ed.) (2018). Rauf Yekta Bey’in musiki antikaları (Rauf Yekta Bey’s musical antiques). Haz. Osmanlı/Türk Müziği Araştırmaları Grubu. Atatürk Kültür Merkezi Başkanlığı.
- Ergun, S.N. (1942). Türk Mûsikîsi Antolojisi (Turkish Music Anthology). Volume II, İstanbul.
- Ergur, A. & Doğrusöz, N. (2015). Resistance and adoption towards written music at the crossroads of modernity: Gradual passage to notation in Turkish Makam music. International Review of the Aesthetics and Sociology of Music, 46(1),145-174.
- Ezgi, S. (1933–53). Nazarî ve Amelî Türk Musikisi [NATM] (Theoretical and Practical Turkish Music). 5 vols. İstanbul: Millî Mecmua Matbaası.
- Ekinci, M.U. (2015). Kevserî Mecmuası – 18. Yüzyıl Saz Müziği Külliyatı (Kevserî Mecmuası-Instrumental Music Corpus of the 18th Century). The Journal Of Ottoman Studies, 49, 463–469.
- Feldman, W. (2022). From Rumi to the whirling dervishes, music, poetry, and mysticism in the Ottoman Empire. Edinburgh: Edinburg University Press.
- Jäger, R.M. (1996). Türkische Kunstmusik und ihre handschriftlichen Quellen aus dem 19. Jahrhundert (Turkish art music and its manuscript sources from the 19th century). Eisenach: Verlag der Musikalienhandlung Karl Dieter Wagner.
- Jäger, R.M. (2023). Western staff notation in the context of nineteenth-century Ottoman Music. MSGSÜ Sosyal Bilimler, 27, 49-60. DOI: 10.56074/msgsusbd.1306796
- Kaya, B.A. & Küçük, S. (eds. 2011). Defter-i Dervîşân, Yenikapı Mevlevîhânesi Günlükleri (Defter-i Dervîşân, Yenikapı Mevlevî Lodge Diaries). İstanbul: Zeytinburnu Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları.
- Kaya, C.V. (2019). Dürrü Turan-Münir Turan Ses Arşivi Fihristi (Dürrü Turan - Münir Turan Audio Archive Index). İstanbul: OTMAG Yayınları.
- Kızılaslan, İ. (2022). Osmanlı’dan Günümüze İstanbul Selâtîn Camileri ve Görevlileri [Istanbul Sultan Mosques and Its Staff from the Ottoman to the Present]. Tekirdag Theology Journal, 8(2), 1363-1396. DOI: 10.47424/tasavvur.1180086
- Olley, J. (2017). Writing music in nineteenth- century Istanbul: Ottoman Armenians and the invention of Hampartsum notation. Doctoral Dissertation. King’s College London. London, UK.
- Olley, J. (2018). Some Notes on the Manuscripts in Hampartsum Notation in the Hüseyin Sadettin Arel Archive. Arel Symposium Proceedings: International Hüseyin Sadettin Arel and Turkish Music Symposium, 13–14 December 2017, (edited by Fikret Turan, Emine Temel and Emre Kurban), 351–91. Istanbul: İstanbul University Research Institute of Turkology.
- Olley, J. (2020). Codex TR-Iüne 203-1. Peşrevs and Saz Semâîsis Notated by Hampartsum Limonciyan (1768– 1839): Commentary (vol. 2). Münster: Corpus Musicae Ottomanicae. Retrieved November 10, 2023, from https:// corpus-musicae-ottomanicae.de/receive/ cmo_mods_00000412
- Özalp, M.N. (1986). Türk Musikisi Tarihi: Derleme (History of Turkish Music: Compilation). (2 volumes), Ankara: TRT Müzik Dairesi Başkanlığı Basılı Yayınlar Müdürlüğü.
- Öztuna, Y. (2006). Türk Mûsikîsi / Akademik Klasik Türk San’at Mûsikîsi’nin Ansiklopedik Sözlüğü [Turkish Music / Academic Encyclopedic Dictionary of Classical Turkish Art Music] (edt. Ahmet Nezihi Turan), 2 volumes. Ankara: Orient Yayınları.
- Soylu, E. (2020). Câzim Efendi - Râif Dede mecmûasındaki Ayîn-i Şerîf nüshalarının incelemesi [An analysis of Ayîn-i Şerif editions in the Cazım Efendi - Raif Dede manuscript]. Doctoral Dissertation. İstanbul Technical
University. İstanbul, Turkiye.
- Taşdelen, D. (2021). Gelenek Kurguları, Darülelhan ve Aktörlerinden Rauf Yekta Bey (Construction of tradition, Darulelhan and one of its actors Rauf Yekta Bey). Doctoral Dissertation. İstanbul Technical University. İstanbul, Turkiye
- Üngör, E.R. (1966a). Türk Musikisi Repertuarı Konusunda Sayın Halil Can ile Bir Konuşma (A Conversation with Halil Can on Turkish Music Repertoire). Musiki Mecmuası, No: 217, pp. 5–7.
- Üngör, E.R. (1966b). Türk Musikisi Repertuarı KonusundaSayınHalilCanileBirKonuşma(A Conversation with Halil
Can on Turkish Music Repertoire). Musiki Mecmuası, No: 220, pp. 106–12.
- Yalçın, G. (2017). Nâyî Osman Dede’nin nota defterinden üç saz eserinin müzik yazısı açısından incelenmesi (An analysis of three ınstrumental pieces from Nâyî Osman Dede’s notebook in terms of music writing). Rast Musicology Journal, 5(1), 1447-1473.
- Yalçın, G. (2019). Kevseri Mecmuası-Nâyî Mustafa Kevserinin Kaleminden 18. Yüzyıl Türk Musikisi (Kevseri Mecmuası- 18th Century Turkish Music based on the Writings of Nâyî Mustafa Kevseri). Gece Kitaplığı.
- Yekta, R. (1986). Türk Musikisi (Turkish Music). (O. Nasuhioğlu, Çev.) Istanbul: Pan Yayıncılık.
The index of Nâyî Ali Dede’s notebook as Rauf Yekta’s reference source
Year 2024,
Volume: 12 Issue: 4, 393 - 417
Nilgün Doğrusöz Dişiaçık
,
Semih Pelen
Abstract
In recent years, thanks to the state and private archives being opened to the public, a lot of new information has started to emerge. When sources are subjected to in-depth analyses, much existing information can be reinterpreted. The ITU Ottoman Turkish Music Research Group, which has worked on three archives to date, has brought a selection from Rauf Yekta Bey›s archive, which was inaccessible for 80 years, to interested readers through the book Rauf Yekta Bey’in Musiki Antikaları. The index numbered N-153/2, which is included in this book and written in Yekta Bey›s handwriting, is at the centre of our article. As a matter of fact, it is understood that this index was copied by Rauf Yekta Bey from a Hampartsum notebook believed to have been written by Nâyi Ali Dede, and that it was an important reference source for him. Based on its relations with other notebooks in the Yekta archive, the index also provides important clues about Nâyî Ali Dede›s notebook and helps to reveal new information about other sheet music collections. Some studies on the subject are sceptical about Nâyî Ali Dede›s authorship of the notebook due to his living dates and emphasise that he could only have been a collector. To examine Nâyî Ali Dede›s relationship with Hampartsum notation, the index was also compared with the notebooks believed to be Hampartsum autographs in terms of repertoire and notational practices. Before that, the notebooks believed to be Hampartsum autographs were examined, and it was discussed whether they could have been written by Hampartsum Limonciyan and various conclusions were drawn about the subject.
Ethical Statement
As the authors of the current study, we declare that no ethics committee decision was required to conduct our study.
Supporting Institution
we did not receive funding from any organisation, and that we have no conflict of interest. We would like to thank the CMO project for permission to use the Hampartsum truetype fonts ‘VF OttoAneumatic’.
Thanks
We would like to thank the CMO project for permission to use the Hampartsum truetype fonts ‘VF OttoAneumatic’. We would also like to thank Sylvia Glover for her contribution to the study by undertaking the language proofreading.
References
- Avcı, M. (2021). Türkçede bestelemek anlamına gelen kelimeler için bir şecere denemesi (A genealogy of beste (composition) and its synonyms in Turkish). In A.Ş. Koç, Ü. Çağlar & A. Çevik (Eds.), Current Debates in Social Sciences 2021 (1st ed., pp. 269-289).
- Ayangil, R. (2021). Mûsikînin son vak’anüvislerinden Neyzen Emin (Yazıcı) Dede ve kaydettikleri (Neyzen Emin (Yazıcı) Dede, one of the last chroniclers of music, and his accounts). In Ayan, Ö., Kırlıkçı, O., Saykal, M. S. (Eds.). Mevlevi Ayinleri Mecmuası, Neyzen Emin Dede (pp. 9-14). T.C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı.
- Başer, F.A. (2014). Mevlevihâne, Hamparsum, kilise ve neyzenlere dâir (About the Mevlevihane, Hamparsum, church and ney players). Yeni Türkiye, 60(Special issue on Armenian Matter, 801–819.
- Benlioğlu, S. (2017). Osmanlı Sarayında Mûsikînin Himâyesi (III. Selim ve II. Mahmud Dönemi) (The patronage of music in the Ottoman palace (Selim III and Mahmud II Period)). Doctoral Dissertation. Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkiye.
- Değirmenci, Z.T. (2023). Bir gösterge sistemi olarak hamparsum müzik yazısının sosyokültürel çözümlemesi (A sociocultural analysis of the hamparsum music notation as a sign system). Doctoral Dissertation. Yıldız Technical University. İstanbul, Turkiye.
- Demirtaş, S. (2022). Codex TR-Iüne 203-1. Critical Edition of Hampartsum Manuscript YZPER2 in the Private Archive of Ali Rifat Çağatay. Retrieved November 10, 2023, from https://corpus-musicae-ottomanicae.de/ receive/cmo_mods_00000431
- Demirtaş, Y. (2007). XIX. yüzyıl İstanbul’unda Tekke Mûsikîsi (The sufi music of İstanbul in XIX. century). Doctoral Dissertation. Ankara University. Ankara, Turkiye.
- Dimitriou, M. & Pelen, S. (2023). An archive of variants - Hampartsum notation and variability in the transmission of Ottoman art music. MSGSÜ Sosyal Bilimler, 27, 30-48. DOI: 10.56074/msgsusbd.1268824
- Doğrusöz, N. (Ed.) (2018). Rauf Yekta Bey’in musiki antikaları (Rauf Yekta Bey’s musical antiques). Haz. Osmanlı/Türk Müziği Araştırmaları Grubu. Atatürk Kültür Merkezi Başkanlığı.
- Ergun, S.N. (1942). Türk Mûsikîsi Antolojisi (Turkish Music Anthology). Volume II, İstanbul.
- Ergur, A. & Doğrusöz, N. (2015). Resistance and adoption towards written music at the crossroads of modernity: Gradual passage to notation in Turkish Makam music. International Review of the Aesthetics and Sociology of Music, 46(1),145-174.
- Ezgi, S. (1933–53). Nazarî ve Amelî Türk Musikisi [NATM] (Theoretical and Practical Turkish Music). 5 vols. İstanbul: Millî Mecmua Matbaası.
- Ekinci, M.U. (2015). Kevserî Mecmuası – 18. Yüzyıl Saz Müziği Külliyatı (Kevserî Mecmuası-Instrumental Music Corpus of the 18th Century). The Journal Of Ottoman Studies, 49, 463–469.
- Feldman, W. (2022). From Rumi to the whirling dervishes, music, poetry, and mysticism in the Ottoman Empire. Edinburgh: Edinburg University Press.
- Jäger, R.M. (1996). Türkische Kunstmusik und ihre handschriftlichen Quellen aus dem 19. Jahrhundert (Turkish art music and its manuscript sources from the 19th century). Eisenach: Verlag der Musikalienhandlung Karl Dieter Wagner.
- Jäger, R.M. (2023). Western staff notation in the context of nineteenth-century Ottoman Music. MSGSÜ Sosyal Bilimler, 27, 49-60. DOI: 10.56074/msgsusbd.1306796
- Kaya, B.A. & Küçük, S. (eds. 2011). Defter-i Dervîşân, Yenikapı Mevlevîhânesi Günlükleri (Defter-i Dervîşân, Yenikapı Mevlevî Lodge Diaries). İstanbul: Zeytinburnu Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları.
- Kaya, C.V. (2019). Dürrü Turan-Münir Turan Ses Arşivi Fihristi (Dürrü Turan - Münir Turan Audio Archive Index). İstanbul: OTMAG Yayınları.
- Kızılaslan, İ. (2022). Osmanlı’dan Günümüze İstanbul Selâtîn Camileri ve Görevlileri [Istanbul Sultan Mosques and Its Staff from the Ottoman to the Present]. Tekirdag Theology Journal, 8(2), 1363-1396. DOI: 10.47424/tasavvur.1180086
- Olley, J. (2017). Writing music in nineteenth- century Istanbul: Ottoman Armenians and the invention of Hampartsum notation. Doctoral Dissertation. King’s College London. London, UK.
- Olley, J. (2018). Some Notes on the Manuscripts in Hampartsum Notation in the Hüseyin Sadettin Arel Archive. Arel Symposium Proceedings: International Hüseyin Sadettin Arel and Turkish Music Symposium, 13–14 December 2017, (edited by Fikret Turan, Emine Temel and Emre Kurban), 351–91. Istanbul: İstanbul University Research Institute of Turkology.
- Olley, J. (2020). Codex TR-Iüne 203-1. Peşrevs and Saz Semâîsis Notated by Hampartsum Limonciyan (1768– 1839): Commentary (vol. 2). Münster: Corpus Musicae Ottomanicae. Retrieved November 10, 2023, from https:// corpus-musicae-ottomanicae.de/receive/ cmo_mods_00000412
- Özalp, M.N. (1986). Türk Musikisi Tarihi: Derleme (History of Turkish Music: Compilation). (2 volumes), Ankara: TRT Müzik Dairesi Başkanlığı Basılı Yayınlar Müdürlüğü.
- Öztuna, Y. (2006). Türk Mûsikîsi / Akademik Klasik Türk San’at Mûsikîsi’nin Ansiklopedik Sözlüğü [Turkish Music / Academic Encyclopedic Dictionary of Classical Turkish Art Music] (edt. Ahmet Nezihi Turan), 2 volumes. Ankara: Orient Yayınları.
- Soylu, E. (2020). Câzim Efendi - Râif Dede mecmûasındaki Ayîn-i Şerîf nüshalarının incelemesi [An analysis of Ayîn-i Şerif editions in the Cazım Efendi - Raif Dede manuscript]. Doctoral Dissertation. İstanbul Technical
University. İstanbul, Turkiye.
- Taşdelen, D. (2021). Gelenek Kurguları, Darülelhan ve Aktörlerinden Rauf Yekta Bey (Construction of tradition, Darulelhan and one of its actors Rauf Yekta Bey). Doctoral Dissertation. İstanbul Technical University. İstanbul, Turkiye
- Üngör, E.R. (1966a). Türk Musikisi Repertuarı Konusunda Sayın Halil Can ile Bir Konuşma (A Conversation with Halil Can on Turkish Music Repertoire). Musiki Mecmuası, No: 217, pp. 5–7.
- Üngör, E.R. (1966b). Türk Musikisi Repertuarı KonusundaSayınHalilCanileBirKonuşma(A Conversation with Halil
Can on Turkish Music Repertoire). Musiki Mecmuası, No: 220, pp. 106–12.
- Yalçın, G. (2017). Nâyî Osman Dede’nin nota defterinden üç saz eserinin müzik yazısı açısından incelenmesi (An analysis of three ınstrumental pieces from Nâyî Osman Dede’s notebook in terms of music writing). Rast Musicology Journal, 5(1), 1447-1473.
- Yalçın, G. (2019). Kevseri Mecmuası-Nâyî Mustafa Kevserinin Kaleminden 18. Yüzyıl Türk Musikisi (Kevseri Mecmuası- 18th Century Turkish Music based on the Writings of Nâyî Mustafa Kevseri). Gece Kitaplığı.
- Yekta, R. (1986). Türk Musikisi (Turkish Music). (O. Nasuhioğlu, Çev.) Istanbul: Pan Yayıncılık.