Bankacılık Piyasa Yapısının Reel Ekonomi Üzerindeki Etkileri: Kuramsal ve Görgül Yazının Bir Taraması

Yıl 2016, Sayı: 65, 4 - 42, 01.06.2016

Fatih Cemil Özbuğday

Öz

Bu araştırmada, bankacılık piyasa yapısının reel ekonomi üzerindeki etkileri hakkındaki kuramsal ve görgül yazın taranmıştır. Kuramsal yaklaşımlar, “yapıperformans hipotezi” ve “bilgi-temelli hipotez” başlıkları altında sınıflandırılmış, konu ile ilgili görgül çalışmalar ise destekledikleri hipoteze göre kategorize edilmiştir. Görgül çalışmaların çoğunluğu bankacılık piyasasındaki pazar gücünün reel ekonomiyi olumsuz etkilediği savını iddia eden “yapı-performans hipotezi”ni desteklese de, tam tersi görüşü savunan “bilgi-temelli hipotez”in birçok durumda geçerli olabileceği görülmüştür. Ayrıca, bankacılık piyasasında pazar gücünün ölçümü üzerine eleştirel değerlendirmeler sunularak, bankacılık piyasasında rekabetin düzenleyici politikalardan, kamu müdahalesinden ve sahipliğinden ve kurumsal yapıdan bağımsız ele alınamayacağı tartışılmıştır

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bankacılık, Pazar Yapısı, Pazar Gücü, Reel Ekonomi

The Effects of Banking Market Structure On Real Economy: A Review of The Theoretical and Empirical Literature

Öz

In this study, the theoretical and empirical literature on the effects of the banking market structure on real economy is reviewed. The theoretical approaches to the subject matter are classified as “structure-performance hypothesis” and “informationbased hypothesis”, and relevant empirical studies are categorized based on the hypothesis they support. Even though most empirical studies support the “structureperformance hypothesis”, which claims that the market power in the banking industry negatively affects real economy, it is seen there might be many cases where the opposite “information-based hypothesis” could be valid. In addition, critiques on the measurement of the market power in the banking industry are provided, and it is argued that competition in the banking industry cannot be assessed independent of regulatory policies, public intervention and institutional structure

Anahtar Kelimeler

Banking, Market Structure, Market Power, Real Economy, Economic Growth

Kaynakça

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