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I. Dünya Savaşı Döneminde Bir İngiliz Esir Gazetesi: Afyonkarahisar

Year 2017, Volume: 5 Issue: 4, 435 - 448, 01.01.2017

Abstract

Osmanlı Devleti, I. Dünya Savaşı döneminde İngiltere’den Çanakkale Cephesi ve Güney Cephesinde yapmış olduğu savaşlarda 20.000’i aşkın esir aldı. Çoğunluğu Irak Cephesinde Kut’ül Amare Savaşı’nda alınan İngiliz esirler, Anadolu’nun çeşitli bölgelerinde bulunan esir kamplarında tutuldu. Esirlerin tutulduğu 3 adet merkez toplama kampı vardı: Afyonkarahisar, Ankara ve İstanbul. Bu kamplara ulaşan esirler, gerekli kayıt işlemleri tamamlandıktan sonra kendileri için uygun görülen kamplara nakledilirdi. Esirlerin hepsinin başka bir kampa aktarılması görülenlerden bir kısmı bulunduğu toplama kampında da kalabilirdi. Afyonkarahisar, savaş yılları boyunca binlerce esire ev sahipliği yapmıştır. Esirler, tutsak kaldıkları süre boyunca kimi zaman iyi kimi zaman kötü koşullarda yaşamıştı. İçinde bulundukları ruh halini ailelerine yazdıkları mektup ve kartpostallarda da dile getirmişlerdi. Olive Pass, esirlerin ailelerine yazdığı kartpostalları birleştirerek bir derleme yapmış ve adına da Afyonkarahisar Gazetesi demişti. Bizzat esirlerin yazdığı kartpostallardan oluşan derleme, dönem şartlarını birinci elden aktarması yönünden son derece önemlidir

References

  • PRO, FO 383/227, Afion Kara Hissar Gazette, 16.05.1916.
  • PRO, FO 383/227, British Interests in Turkey, 11.04.1916.
  • PRO, FO 383/227, British Prisoners of War in Turkey, 30.06.1916.
  • PRO, FO 383/227, Treatment of British Officers at Afion Kara Hissar, 29.04.1916.
  • PRO, FO 383/227, Treatment of British Prisoners in Turkey, 13.05.1916.
  • PRO, FO 383/335, Conditions of British POW at Angora, 25.10.1917.
  • PRO, FO 383/453, Captain K.D. Yearsley, Royal Engineers, Treatment of British Officer POW in Turkey, 31.10.1918.
  • PRO, FO 383/453, Captain M.A.B. Johnston, Royal Garrison Artillery, Treatment of British Officer POW in Turkey, 31.10.1918.
  • PRO, FO 383/453, Report on Treatment of British POW in Turkey, 11.10.1918.
  • PRO, FO 383/92, British Prisoners of War in Turkey, 19.07.1915.
  • PRO, FO 93/110, Turkey, Armistice Conditions, 30.10.1918.
  • PRO, LO 2/516, Treaty of Lausanne HR.SYS., 2232/43.
  • PRO, LO 2/516, Treaty of Lausanne 1923, 1958.
  • BOA, DH.EUM.5.ŞB., 85/13.
  • BOA, DH. SYS., 123/11-30.
  • BOA, HR.SYS., 2225/61.
  • BOA, HR.SYS., 2232/43.
  • Comité International De La Croix-Rouge, RAPPORTS de MM. Alfred BISSIER et D’ Adolphe VISCHER sur leur inspection des camps de prisonniers en Turquie, Octobre 1916 a Janvier 1917, Mars 1917. (Kızılhaç Heyeti’nin Türkiye Kampları Raporu/KHT).
  • BDH, 4281/68 – 031-02.
  • Arıkan, İ. (2007). Harp Hatıralarım, Timaş Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Cemal Paşa, (2006). Hatırat (1913-1922), Haz. Ahmet Zeki İzgöer, Nehir Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Kartın, C. & Uyanık N. (2017). “İngiliz Arşiv Belgelerinde 1922‐23 Dönemine Ait Türkiye Dosyalarında Tahrifat Örnekleri”, Tarihin Peşinde, Sayı 17, 101-102.
  • Taşkıran, C. (2001). Ana Ben Ölmedim, Türkiye İş Bankası Yayınları, İstanbul. The Times, “Our Losses in the Dardanelles”, Friday, Sep 17, 1915_pg. 8.
  • Ural, S. (2007). “Birinci Dünya Savaşı Sonrası İtilaf Esirlerinin Teslimi”, Cumhuriyet Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi, Sayı 5, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Hastaneleri Basımevi, Ankara.
  • Üzen, İ. (2007). 1. Dünya Harbinde Sina Cephesi ve Çöl Hatıraları, Selis Kitaplar, İstanbul.

A British Prisoner Newspaper During the First World War: Afyonkarahisar

Year 2017, Volume: 5 Issue: 4, 435 - 448, 01.01.2017

Abstract

The Ottoman State received more than 20,000 prisoners during the First World War, during the wars it had carried out from Britain on the Dardanelles and the South Front. British prisoners, majority of them captured in the Battle of Kut'ul Amare on the Iraqi Front, were held in prisoner camps in various regions of Anatolia. There were 3 central concentration camps where prisoners were held: Afyonkarahisar, Ankara and Istanbul. The prisoners who reached these camps were transported to the appropriate camps after they had completed the necessary registration procedures. All of the prisoners did not need to be transferred to another camp, and they could have stayed in the concentration camp if they seemed appropriate by the camp administration. Afyonkarahisar has hosted thousands of prisoners throughout the war. The prisoners lived in sometimes good sometimes bad conditions during their imprisonment. They also expressed their mood in letters and postcards that they wrote to their families. Olive Pass made a compilation by combining the postcards written by the prisoners to their families and named it Afyonkarahisar Newspaper. The compilation of postcards written by the prisoners are a great importance transmitting in terms of the period from the first hand.

References

  • PRO, FO 383/227, Afion Kara Hissar Gazette, 16.05.1916.
  • PRO, FO 383/227, British Interests in Turkey, 11.04.1916.
  • PRO, FO 383/227, British Prisoners of War in Turkey, 30.06.1916.
  • PRO, FO 383/227, Treatment of British Officers at Afion Kara Hissar, 29.04.1916.
  • PRO, FO 383/227, Treatment of British Prisoners in Turkey, 13.05.1916.
  • PRO, FO 383/335, Conditions of British POW at Angora, 25.10.1917.
  • PRO, FO 383/453, Captain K.D. Yearsley, Royal Engineers, Treatment of British Officer POW in Turkey, 31.10.1918.
  • PRO, FO 383/453, Captain M.A.B. Johnston, Royal Garrison Artillery, Treatment of British Officer POW in Turkey, 31.10.1918.
  • PRO, FO 383/453, Report on Treatment of British POW in Turkey, 11.10.1918.
  • PRO, FO 383/92, British Prisoners of War in Turkey, 19.07.1915.
  • PRO, FO 93/110, Turkey, Armistice Conditions, 30.10.1918.
  • PRO, LO 2/516, Treaty of Lausanne HR.SYS., 2232/43.
  • PRO, LO 2/516, Treaty of Lausanne 1923, 1958.
  • BOA, DH.EUM.5.ŞB., 85/13.
  • BOA, DH. SYS., 123/11-30.
  • BOA, HR.SYS., 2225/61.
  • BOA, HR.SYS., 2232/43.
  • Comité International De La Croix-Rouge, RAPPORTS de MM. Alfred BISSIER et D’ Adolphe VISCHER sur leur inspection des camps de prisonniers en Turquie, Octobre 1916 a Janvier 1917, Mars 1917. (Kızılhaç Heyeti’nin Türkiye Kampları Raporu/KHT).
  • BDH, 4281/68 – 031-02.
  • Arıkan, İ. (2007). Harp Hatıralarım, Timaş Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Cemal Paşa, (2006). Hatırat (1913-1922), Haz. Ahmet Zeki İzgöer, Nehir Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Kartın, C. & Uyanık N. (2017). “İngiliz Arşiv Belgelerinde 1922‐23 Dönemine Ait Türkiye Dosyalarında Tahrifat Örnekleri”, Tarihin Peşinde, Sayı 17, 101-102.
  • Taşkıran, C. (2001). Ana Ben Ölmedim, Türkiye İş Bankası Yayınları, İstanbul. The Times, “Our Losses in the Dardanelles”, Friday, Sep 17, 1915_pg. 8.
  • Ural, S. (2007). “Birinci Dünya Savaşı Sonrası İtilaf Esirlerinin Teslimi”, Cumhuriyet Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi, Sayı 5, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Hastaneleri Basımevi, Ankara.
  • Üzen, İ. (2007). 1. Dünya Harbinde Sina Cephesi ve Çöl Hatıraları, Selis Kitaplar, İstanbul.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Mahmut Akkor This is me

Publication Date January 1, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 5 Issue: 4

Cite

IEEE M. Akkor, “I. Dünya Savaşı Döneminde Bir İngiliz Esir Gazetesi: Afyonkarahisar”, Researcher, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 435–448, 2017.

The journal "Researcher: Social Sciences Studies" (RSSS), which started its publication life in 2013, continues its activities under the name of "Researcher" as of August 2020, under Ankara Bilim University.
It is an internationally indexed, nationally refereed, scientific and electronic journal that publishes original research articles aiming to contribute to the fields of Engineering and Science in 2021 and beyond.
The journal is published twice a year, except for special issues.
Candidate articles submitted for publication in the journal can be written in Turkish and English. Articles submitted to the journal must not have been previously published in another journal or sent to another journal for publication.