Reasons for Gambling in University Students, Loneliness? A study on sports science students

Year 2024, , 138 - 149, 25.09.2024

Umut Davut Başoğlu , İhsan Yağcı , Cuneyt Seydioglu

https://doi.org/10.62425/rses.1492155

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the reasons behind university students' gambling and especially to examine the relationship between loneliness and gambling. The population of the research consists of the students of the Faculty of Sports Sciences in Istanbul. The sample consisted of 1051 volunteer students of the Faculty of Sports Sciences selected by random method. The study data were obtained through Personal Information Form, Reasons for Gambling Scale and UCLA Loneliness Scale. The sample group of the study consisted of students from 5 private and 2 foundation universities with a Faculty of Sports Sciences who had played at least one of the online games, sports betting, horse racing, lottery, card/table games and numerical lotto games with money in the last 3 months. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 package programme and the significance level was set as 0.05. According to the findings obtained as a result of the study, it was determined that students studying at private universities need to gamble for the reason of earning money, while students studying at public universities have a high urge to have fun/excitement as a reason for gambling. In addition, it was determined that students who do not work need to gamble for the reason of earning money. As another result, it was determined that students who do not do sports as a licensed athlete feel themselves more lonely than licensed athletes. In line with the main purpose of the study, it was concluded that loneliness triggers the urge to gamble.

Keywords

betting, loneliness, university, university student.

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışma için etik komite onayı İstanbul Nişantaşı Üniversitesi'nden (Tarih: 02 Mayıs 2024, Karar No: 2024/05, Protokol No: 20240502-1) alınmıştır.

References

• Arcan, K., & Karanci, A.N. (2014). Kumar oynama nedenleri ölçeğinin uyarlama, geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry/Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 15(3), 248-256.
• Babayiğit, B. (2018). Kumar oynama ve kumar oynanması için yer ve imkân sağlama fiilleri. Türkiye Adalet Akademisi Dergisi (34), 283-315.
• Baltacı, Ö., & Bacanlı, F. (2020). Psychosocial factors that predict internet addiction. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal, 10(59), 661-679.
• Barrett, B., Marchand, L., Scheder, J., Plane, M. B., Maberry, R., Appelbaum, D., & Rabago, D. (2003). Themes of holism, empowerment, access, and legitimacy define complementary, alternative, and integrative medicine in relation to conventional biomedicine. The Journal of Alternative & Complementary Medicine, 9(6), 937-947.
• Bayındır, G. (2018). Kumar ve şans oyunlarına toplumsal bakış: Niğde örneği. Milli Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(2), 58-83.
• Cakici, M. (2012). The prevalence and risk factors for gambling behavior in Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry/Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 13(4), 243-249.
• Clark, L., Averbeck, B., Payer, D., Sescousse, G., Winstanley, C. A., & Xue, G. (2013). Pathological choice: The neuroscience of gambling and gambling addiction. Journal of Neuroscience, 33(45), 17617-17623.
• Çakmak, S., & Tamam L. (2018). Kumar oynama bozukluğu: Genel bir bakış. Bağımlılık Dergisi, 19(3), 78-97.
• David, M. E., & Roberts, J. A. (2017). Phubbed and alone: Phone snubbing. social exclusion. and attachment to social media. Journal of the Association for Consumer Research, 2(2), 155-163. https://doi.org/10.1086/690940
• Duman, B. B., & Tosun, C. (2017). An evaluation on the illegal betting market in Turkey. İçinde: The New Trends and Policies in Public Finance, Editors: Özgür Emre Koç & Neslihan Koç, Beau Bassin/Maritus: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 42-58.
• Durak, M., & Senol-Durak, E. (2010). Psychometric qualities of the UCLA loneliness scale-version 3 as applied in a Turkish culture. Educational Gerontology, 36(10-11), 988-1007.
• Gainsbury, S. M. (2015). Online gambling addiction: the relationship between internet gambling and disordered gambling. Current Addiction Reports, 2(2), 185-193.
• Gencel, N. (2019). Rekreasyon bölümü öğrencilerinin yalnızlık yaşam doyumu ve özsaygı düzeylerinin incelenmesi (Master's thesis, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü).
• George, D., & Mallery, P. (2019). IBM SPSS statistics 26 step by step: A simple guide and reference. Routledge.
• George, S., & Murali, V. (2005). Pathological gambling: An overview of assessment and treatment. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment, 11(6), 450-456.
• George, S., TS, J., Nair, S., Rani, A., Menon, P., Madhavan, R., & Petry, N. M. (2016). A crosssectional study of problem gambling and its correlates among college students in South India. British Journal of Psychiatry Open, 2(3), 199-203. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjpo.bp.115.002519
• Gill, P., & McQuade, A. (2012). The role of loneliness and self-control in predicting problem gambling behavior. Gambling Research: Journal of the National Association for Gambling Studies (Australia), 24(1), 18-30.
• Giroux, I., Faucher-Gravel, A., St-Hilaire, A., Boudreault, C., Jacques, C., & Bouchard, S. (2013). Gambling exposure in virtual reality and modification of urge to gamble. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 16(3), 224-231.
• Gürbüz, S., & Şahin, F. (2016). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntemleri felsefe-yöntem-analiz (3. Baskı). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
• Hardoon, K. K., Gupta, R., & Derevensky, J. L. (2004). Psychosocial variables associated with adolescent gambling. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 18(2), 170.
• Hing, N., Vitartas, P., & Lamont, M. (2014). Promotion of gambling and live betting odds during televised sport: Influences on gambling participation and problem gambling. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 3(3), 57-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/2.1.1643.8087.
• Hong, E. (2019). Loot boxes: Gambling for the next generation. W. St. UL Rev., 46, 61.
• İlçin, M. M. (2017). Spor bahisi oynayan seyircilerin seyretme güdüleri ile bahis oynama motivasyonları arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi (Master's thesis, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü).
• İncekara, H. İ., & Taş, B. (2022). Yetişkinlerde kumar bağımlılığı ile ilişkili sosyodemografik değişkenlerin incelenmesi. Bağımlılık Dergisi, 23(4), 464-472. https://doi.org/10.51982/bagimli.1024383
• Karaaziz, M., Çakıcı, M. & Özbahadır, T. (2019). Kıbrıs ve Türkiye doğumlu kumar bağımlıları ile kumar oynama nedenlerinin karşılaştırılması. Anatolian Journal of Pschiatry, 20(1), 72-75. http://doi.org/10.5455/apd.302644863.
• Karaibrahimoglu, A., Batmaz, K., Kaçmaz, E., Öztop, R., Kişioğlu, A. N., Uskun, E., & Özgür, Ö. N. A. L. (2023). The Relationship of onlıne gambling addictıon and loneliness: A unıversity case from Turkıye. SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 30(3), 410-423.
• Karasar, N. (2020). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. Nobel Yayınevi.
• King, D. L., Delfabbro, P. H., Billieux, J., & Potenza, M. N. (2020). Problematic online gaming and the COVID 19. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 9(2), 184-186. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.2020.00016
• Lee, S. H., Lee, S. Y., Chung, H. H., & Zwa, H. S. (1999). Postmodern social dysfunction: Gambling propensity. Social Mental Health Review, 99, 1-32.
• Mateo-Flor, J., Alguacil, M., & González-Serrano, M. H. (2020). Gambling and sports betting by teenagers. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 20(2), 605-614. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2020.02089
• Mohammed, A. S. (2022). Öğrencilerin mental iyi oluş düzeyleri ile yalnızlık düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi (Master's thesis, İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü).
• Önal, L. (2023). Psikolojik sağlık ve sapkın boş zaman etkileşimi: Sanal bahis ve kumar tutkunları üzerine bir inceleme. Herkes İçin Spor ve Rekreasyon Dergisi, 5(2), 110-117. https://doi.org/10.56639/jsar.1388588
• Özçelik, İ. Y., İmamoğlu, O., Çekin, R., & Başpınar, S. G. (2015). Üniversite öğrencilerinin yalnızlık düzeyleri üzerine sporun etkisi. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 6(1), 12-18.
• Russell, D., Peplau, L. A., & Cutrona, C. E. (1980). The revised UCLA loneliness scale. Concurrent and discriminant validity evidence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39, 472-480.
• Satılmış, S. E., Öntürk, Y., & Tezcan, N. (2024). Kumar oynama eğilimi üzerine bir araştırma. Akdeniz Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(1), 111-121. https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.1422428
• Thomas, A., & Moore, S. (2003). The interactive effects of avoidance coping and dysphoric mood on problem gambling for female and male gamblers. Journal of Gambling Issues, 8(10.4309).
• Van Der Maas, M., Shi, J., Elton-Marshall, T., Hodgins, D. C., Sanchez, S., Lobo, D. S., & Turner, N. E. (2019). Internet-based interventions for problem gambling: Scoping review. JMIR Mental Health, 6(1), e65.
• Wills, T. A., Resko, J. A., Ainette, M. G., & Mendoza, D. (2004). Role of parent support and peer support in adolescent substance use: a test of mediated effects. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 18(2), 122.
• Winters, K. C., Stinchfield, R. D., Botzet, A., & Anderson, N. (2002). A prospective study of youth gambling behaviors. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 16(1), 3.