Hybrid Multi-Criteria GIS-based Site Selection for Offshore Wind Energy in the Continental Shelf of Rize

Year 2025, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 315 - 342, 27.09.2025

Murat Başeğmez

https://doi.org/10.48123/rsgis.1754468

Abstract

This study develops an integrated, multi-criteria decision support framework for offshore wind farm site selection within the continental shelf of Rize Province, utilizing Geographic Information Systems (GIS). By combining the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP), Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Entropy Weighting Method (EWM), and Half-Quadratic Programming (HQP), the framework balances subjective expert judgments with objective data-driven metrics, enhancing the reliability and consistency of the decision-making process. GIS-based spatial analysis enables high-accuracy visualization of the spatial distribution of suitability criteria, producing actionable and transparent outcomes. Approximately 13.5% of the study area was identified as having high or very high suitability, with optimal zones concentrated off the coasts of Rize Central, Pazar, and Çayeli—regions that offer strategic advantages such as proximity to port and transmission infrastructure, suitable water depths, and low ecological sensitivity. Nevertheless, the region’s generally weak wind regime necessitates careful turbine selection and energy modeling. The study contributes to the literature by offering a multilayered evaluation that goes beyond technical suitability to include environmental, geological, and logistical dimensions, while introducing a hybrid weighting strategy that models the site selection process innovatively. The proposed framework is flexible and replicable under diverse regional and climatic conditions, serving as a reference for future applications.

Keywords

Offshore wind energy , GIS , MCDM , FAHP , Half-quadratic programming (HQP)

Açık Deniz Rüzgâr Enerjisi İçin Rize Kıta Sahanlığında CBS Destekli Hibrit Çok Kriterli Saha Seçimi

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Rize ili kıta sahanlığı için açık deniz rüzgâr santrali saha seçimine yönelik coğrafi bilgi sistemleri (CBS) destekli, çok kriterli ve entegre bir karar destek çerçevesi geliştirmiştir. Bulanık analitik hiyerarşi süreci (FAHP), analitik hiyerarşi süreci (AHP), entropi ağırlıklandırma yöntemi (EWM) ve yarı-karesel programlama (HQP) yöntemlerinin birlikte kullanılmasıyla hem öznel uzman görüşleri hem de nesnel veriler dengeli şekilde değerlendirilmiş, karar sürecine güvenilirlik ve tutarlılık kazandırılmıştır. CBS’nin mekânsal analiz kapasitesi sayesinde, uygunluk kriterlerinin coğrafi dağılımı yüksek doğrulukla görselleştirilmiş ve uygulanabilir, şeffaf sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Çalışma alanının %13,5’i yüksek ve çok yüksek uygunluk düzeyinde bulunurken, özellikle Rize Merkez, Pazar ve Çayeli açıklarında yoğunlaşan bölgeler stratejik avantajlar taşımaktadır. Ancak bölgenin genel rüzgâr rejiminin zayıf olması, türbin seçiminin ve enerji üretim modellerinin dikkatli planlanmasını zorunlu kılmaktadır. Çalışmanın literatüre katkısı, teknik uygunluğun ötesinde çevresel, jeolojik ve lojistik faktörleri çok katmanlı biçimde ele alması ve hibrit ağırlıklandırma yaklaşımıyla saha seçim sürecini yenilikçi biçimde modellemesidir. Geliştirilen yöntem, farklı bölgesel ve iklimsel koşullarda da tekrarlanabilir bir referans çerçevesi sunmaktadır.

Keywords

Açık deniz rüzgâr enerjisi , CBS , ÇKKV , FAHP , Yarı-karesel programlama (HQP)

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