Süt Örneğinde FTIR ile Birleştirilmiş Kemometrik Yöntemle Tağşiş Tespiti

Year 2024, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 20 - 31, 30.06.2024

Sinem Çolak

https://doi.org/10.53501/rteufemud.1389597

Abstract

Hayvansal kaynaklı gıda ürünlerinde tür tağşişi tüketici hakları ve işletme güvenilirliği açısından çok önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, çiğ manda sütüne % 0,25, % 0,5, % 1, % 1,5 % 2, % 5, % 10, % 15 ve % 20 oranlarında çiğ inek sütü karıştırılmış ve örnekler Fourier Dönüşümlü Kızılötesi - Zayıflatılmış Toplam Yansıma (FTIR-ATR) cihazında analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen spektrumlarda biyobelirteç olarak kullanılabilecek piklerin verileri tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Spektrumda 1742 cm-1 karbonil piki (C=O), 1640 cm-1 amid I piki, 1160 cm-1 laktoza ait C-O piki, 2920 cm-1 CH2 piki, 2850 cm-1 CH piki ve 3300 cm-1 O-H piki olmak üzere toplam 6 pike ait veriler kemometrik analizlerde kullanılmıştır. Hiyerarşik kümeleme analizi (HCA) ile dendogramda %15’in üzerindeki konsantrasyonlar tespit edilebilmişmiş ancak %15 (v/v) konsantrasyonun altındaki değerlerin ayrımı dendogramda beklenen önemlilikte yansımamıştır. Temel bileşen analizinde (PCA) ise, su ve protein içeriklerinin oldukça benzer olduğu buna karşın yağ asitlerin, laktoz ve karbonil içeriklerinin az da olsa farklılık oluşturduğu ancak konsantrasyonlarda beklenen ayrımı gerçekleştirmediği görülmüştür. Saf, %1, %2 ve % 5 konsantrasyonların daha düşük PC1, % 15 ve 20 çoğunluğunun daha yüksek PC1 skoruna sahip olduğu görülmüştür.

Keywords

FTIR, Süt tağşişi, PCA, HCA

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